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Specifics and challenges of assessing exposure and effects of pesticides in small water bodies

  • SMALL WATER BODIES
  • Opinion Paper
  • Published:
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Abstract

Small water bodies (SWB) are freshwater ecosystems of high ecological relevance. However, they receive considerably higher inputs of pesticides compared to larger water bodies owing to their close connection to adjacent agricultural fields in combination with their low water volume or discharge. Monitoring of the pesticide contamination of lentic and lotic SWB is a challenging task as various spatial and temporal factors affect pesticide’s maximum peak concentrations in the water bodies. We present an overview of the major challenges that can complicate the detection of exceedances of regulatory acceptable concentrations. Pesticide data from streams encompassed by the Danish pesticide monitoring program show that the highest pesticide concentrations are found in SWB. A ditch monitoring in a German orchard reveals that event-driven sampling following spray application outperforms the widely used automatic water sampling at fixed intervals, and we therefore suggest that the latter should replace the former in SWB. Furthermore, we suggest that gathering of quantitative data on pesticide pollution of lentic SWB should be given priority in future research.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Karin Fricke, Gerd Palm and Peter Quast for their assistance during field samplings in the German orchard region. We thank Gabriela Bischoff, Ina Stachewicz-Blum, Gabi Smykalla, Kerstin Jänicke, Hartmut Nowak, Frank Seefeld and Walter Tunkel for their help in sample preparation and pesticide analysis. We are also grateful to Anne Mette Poulsen from the Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, for linguistic assistance and three anonymous referees for very helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Julius-Kühn-Institute, Königin-Luise-Str. 19, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    Stefan Lorenz, Angelika Süß, Matthias Stähler & Bernd Hommel

  2. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark

    Jes J. Rasmussen

  3. Institute of Landscape Hydrology, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany

    Thomas Kalettka

  4. Institute for Strategies and Technology Assessment, Julius-Kühn-Institute, Stahnsdorfer Damm 81, 14532, Kleinmachnow, Germany

    Burkhard Golla & Peter Horney

  5. Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829, Landau, Germany

    Ralf B. Schäfer

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  1. Stefan Lorenz
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Correspondence to Stefan Lorenz.

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Guest editors: Mary Kelly-Quinn, Jeremy Biggs & Stefanie von Fumetti / The Importance of Small Water Bodies: Insights from Research

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Lorenz, S., Rasmussen, J.J., Süß, A. et al. Specifics and challenges of assessing exposure and effects of pesticides in small water bodies. Hydrobiologia 793, 213–224 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-016-2973-6

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