Skip to main content
Log in

Efficient Multi-hop Communication in Beyond 3G Mobile Radio Networks

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We propose and evaluate the Frame Descriptor Table (FDT) concept, a method to increase efficiency of signalling resource allocation in frame based Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols. MAC protocols for Beyond 3G mobile radio networks, also known as IMT-Advanced systems, will operate on high data rate channels resulting in short packet transmission duration. The scheduling overhead per packet must also be reduced, correspondingly. The new concept is suitable also to reduce the MAC control overhead spent per hop in mobile radio systems with Relay Enhanced Cells (REC)s that apply multi-hop communication by dynamically allocating TDMA channels. This paper’s focus is on performance evaluation of multi-hop scenarios using analytical models and event-driven stochastic simulations. It is shown that FDT based MAC protocols are suited to increase throughput and reduce delay in REC based cellular radio systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

ACH:

Access feedback channel

B3G:

Beyond 3rd generation

BCH:

Broadcast channel

BS:

Base station

CDMA:

Code division multiple access

DECT:

Digital enhanced cordless telecommunications

DL:

Downlink

EXRR:

Exhaustive round robin

FCH:

Frame channel

FD:

Frame descriptor

FDMA:

Frequency division multiple access

FDT:

Frame descriptor table

FRN:

Fixed relay node

Gbps:

Gigabit per second

GPRS:

General packet radio service

GSM:

Global system for mobile communications

HiperLAN:

High performance local area network

IE:

Information element

IEEE:

Institute of electrical and electronics engineers

IST:

Information society technologies

ITU-R:

International telecommunications union – radiocommunications sector

MAC:

Medium access control

OFDM:

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

PHY:

Physical layer

QoS:

Quality of service

RCH:

Random access channel

REC:

Relay enhanced cell

RN:

Relay node

RR:

Round robin

RTS/CTS:

Request to send/Clear to send

RUT:

Remote user terminal

TDMA:

Time division multiple access

UL:

Uplink

UT:

User terminal

VoIP:

Voice over internet protocol

WiMAX:

Worldwide interoperability for microwave access

W-CHAMB:

Wireless channel oriented Ad hoc multi-hop

WINNER:

Wireless world initiative new radio

WLAN:

Wireless local area network

WMAN:

Wireless metropolitan area network

WRC:

World radiocommunication conference

References

  1. IST-2003-507581. (2003). Wireless World Initiative New Radio Annex.

  2. Pabst, R., Walke, B., Schultz, D. et al. (2004). Relay-based deployment concepts for wireless and mobile broadband radio. IEEE Communication Magazine, New York, US, 09/2004, 80–89.

  3. IEEE 802.16e (2006). IEEE standard for local and metropolitan area networks, part 16: Air interface for fixed and mobile broadband wireless access systems, amendment for physical and medium access layers for combined fixed and mobile operation in licensed bands.

  4. Akhavan, H., Badrinath, V., Geitner, T., Lennertz, H., Sha, Y., Utano, T., & West, B. (2006). Next generation mobile networks NGMN): Beyond HSPA & EVDO—A White Paper, Version 3.0, December 5, 2006.

  5. Walke, B., Esseling, N., Habetha, J., Hettich, A., Kadelka, A., Mangold, S., Peetz, J., & Vornefeld, U. (2001). IP over wireless mobile ATM – guaranteed wireless QoS by HiperLAN/2. In Proceedings of the IEEE, 2001 January (Vol. 89, 21–40).

  6. Esseling, N. (2004). Ein Relaiskonzept für das hochbitratige drahtlose lokale Netz HIPERLAN/2. Ph. D. Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, 2004 July www.comnets.rwth-aachen.de/Dissertati.178.0.html.

  7. Esseling, N., Walke, B. & Pabst, R. (2004). Performance evaluation of a fixed relay concept for next generation wireless systems. In Proceedings of PIMRC 2004, 2004 September Barcelona, Spain.

  8. IEEE 802.11 WG. (1999). Reference number ISO/IEC 8802-11:1999(E) IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 edition. International Standard [for] Information Technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-local and metropolitan area networks-specific requirements–Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications.

  9. Kleinrock L. Lam S. (1975). Packet switching in a multiple broadcast channel: performance evaluation. IEEE Transaction on Communications, 23(4): 410–423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Mangold, S., Choi, S., Hiertz, G., Klein, O. & Walke, B. (2003, December). Analysis of IEEE 802.11 for QoS support in wireless LANs. In IEEE Wireless Communications, 10, 40–50.

  11. Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN). HIPERLAN Type 2; Functional specification. (1999). Data link control (DLC) layer; part1: Basic data transport functions. DTS 0020004-1, ETSI.

  12. IEEE 802.11 WG. (2003, August). Draft supplement to STANDARD FOR telecommunications and information exchange between systems–LAN/MAN specific requirements–part 11. (2003, August). Wireless medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications: Medium access control (MAC) Enhancements for quality of service (QoS), IEEE 802.11e/D5.0.

  13. IEEE 802.15 Working Group for WPAN. (2003). Part 15.3: Wireless medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications for high rate wireless personal area networks (WPAN), Draft P802.15.3/D17-pre (2003).

  14. IEEE P802.16a/D7. (2003, April). Air interface for fixed broadband wireless access systems—medium access control modifications and additional physical layer specifications for 2–11 GHz.

  15. Habetha J. Walke B. (2002). Fuzzy rule based mobility and load management for selforganizing wireless networks. In Journal of Wireless Information Networks: Standards, Research, Applications, 9, 119–140

    Google Scholar 

  16. ETSI. Digital european cordless telecommunications (DECT). (1992). prETS 300 175-1..7.

  17. Walke, B. (2002). Mobile radio networks. 2nd Ed., Chichester, Sussex, UK.: Wiley & Sons Ltd. ISBN: 0471 49902 1

  18. Zhao R., Walke B., Hiertz G. (2006). An efficient IEEE 802.11 ESS mesh network supporting quality of service. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications (JSAC) , 24(11): 2005–2017, USA, 11/2006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Klein, O., Einhaus, M. & Federlin, A. (2005, April). Reduction of signaling overhead in beyond 3G MAC-protocols using frame descriptor tables. In Proc. 11th European Wireless Conference 2005, (Vol. 1, pp 260–265). Nicosia, Cyprus.

  20. Klein, O., Einhaus, M., Federlin, A. & Weiss, E. (2006). Effects of frame descriptor tables in beyond 3G systems. In Proc. 13th International Conference on Telecommunications, Funchal, Portugal,2006, May ISBN: 9729836841.

  21. Klein, O., Einhaus, M., Federlin, A. & Weiss, E. (2006). Frame descriptor tables for minimized signaling overhead in beyond 3G MAC protocols. In Proc. SympoTIC 2006, (28–31). Bratislava, Slovakia, 2006, June ISBN: 1-4244-0368-5.

  22. Hettich, A. (2001). Leistungsbewertung der Standards HIPERLAN/2 und IEEE802.11 für drahtlose lokale Netze. PhD Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, www.comnets.rwth-aachen.de/Dissertati.178.0.html

  23. Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN). HIPERLAN Type 2. (2001). Physical (PHY) layer. Standard TS 101 475, ETSI.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ole Klein.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Klein, O., Einhaus, M., Federlin, A. et al. Efficient Multi-hop Communication in Beyond 3G Mobile Radio Networks. Wireless Pers Commun 46, 67–82 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-007-9356-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-007-9356-2

Keywords

Navigation