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Rationale for and Review of Neoadjuvant Therapy Prior to Radical Prostatectomy for Patients with High-Risk Prostate Cancer

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Abstract

Despite state of the art local therapy, a significant portion of men with high-risk prostate cancer develop progressive disease. Neoadjuvant systemic therapy prior to radical prostatectomy (RP) is an approach that can potentially maximize survival outcomes in patients with localized disease. This approach is under investigation with a wide array of agents and provides an opportunity to assess pathologic and biologic activity of novel treatments. The aim of this review is to explore the past and present role of neoadjuvant therapy prior to definitive therapy with RP in patients with high-risk localized or locally advanced disease. The results of neoadjuvant androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), including use of newer agents such as abiraterone, are promising. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, primarily with docetaxel, with or without ADT has also demonstrated efficacy in men with high-risk disease. Other novel agents targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), clusterin, and the immune system are currently under investigation and have led to variable results in early clinical trials. Despite optimistic data, approval of neoadjuvant therapy prior to RP in patients with high-risk prostate cancer will depend on positive results from well designed phase III trials.

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Acknowledgments

Mary-Ellen Taplin received support from the Fairweather and Uribe Family Prostate Cancer Research Funds.

Funding

There was no funding received for the conduct and preparation of this review.

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Rana R. McKay, Toni K. Choueiri & Mary-Ellen Taplin

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  1. Rana R. McKay
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Correspondence to Mary-Ellen Taplin.

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McKay, R.R., Choueiri, T.K. & Taplin, ME. Rationale for and Review of Neoadjuvant Therapy Prior to Radical Prostatectomy for Patients with High-Risk Prostate Cancer. Drugs 73, 1417–1430 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-013-0107-2

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