Abstract
A number of specific chromosomal abnormalities define the subgroups of multiple myeloma. In a meta-analysis of two genome-wide association studies of multiple myeloma including a total of 1,661 affected individuals, we investigated risk for developing a specific tumor karyotype. The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation in which CCND1 is placed under the control of the immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer was strongly associated with the CCND1 c.870G>A polymorphism (P = 7.96 × 10−11). These results provide a model in which a constitutive genetic factor is associated with risk of a specific chromosomal translocation.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to all the subjects and investigators at the individual centers for their participation. V.J. Forster is acknowledged for sample preparation. We also thank the staff of the CTRU (Clinical Trials Research Unit) University of Leeds and the NCRI (National Cancer Research Institute) Haematology Clinical Studies Group. In the UK, funding was provided by Myeloma UK, Leukaemia and Lymphoma Research (LLR 10021), Cancer Research UK (C1298/A8362, supported by the Bobby Moore Fund) and the National Health Service (NHS) via the Biological Research Centre of the National Institute for Health Research at the Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust. Leukaemia and Lymphoma Research provided funding for the Newcastle Myeloma Study (LLR 11006). In Germany, funding was provided by Dietmar-Hopp-Stiftung Walldorf, University Hospital Heidelberg and the German Cancer Aid. The HNR study was funded by the Heinz-Nixdorf Foundation (chairman M. Nixdorf) and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF).
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K.H., H.G., G.J.M. and R.S.H. designed the study. R.S.H. and G.J.M. obtained financial support in the UK, and K.H. and H.G. obtained financial support in Germany. R.S.H. and K.H. drafted the manuscript with contributions from G.J.M., D.C.J. and N.W. D.C., F.J.H., B.C., D.C.J., Y.P.M., S.E.D. and N.W. performed statistical and bioinformatics analyses. P.B. coordinated UK laboratory analyses. D.C.J. managed and prepared DNA samples for Myeloma IX and Myeloma XI Case Studies and performed expression analyses. H.G., K.N., N.W. and D.H. coordinated and managed German DNA samples. M.W.-H. and N.W. managed and prepared MCL samples. L.E. managed the HNR samples. P.H., T.W.M. and M.M.N. performed and coordinated genotyping of the German controls. K.H. and A.F. coordinated genotyping, performed by P.H. and M.M.N. D.C.J., M.F.K., N.L.L. and B.A.W. performed UK expression analyses. F.M.R. performed UK FISH analyses, and A.J. performed German FISH analyses. G.J.M., F.E.D., W.A.G. and G.H.J. performed ascertainment and collection of UK case samples. All authors contributed to the final version of the manuscript.
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Weinhold, N., Johnson, D., Chubb, D. et al. The CCND1 c.870G>A polymorphism is a risk factor for t(11;14)(q13;q32) multiple myeloma. Nat Genet 45, 522–525 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2583
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2583
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