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Tracing Aquatic Priming Effect During Microbial Decomposition of Terrestrial Dissolved Organic Carbon in Chemostat Experiments

  • Microbiology of Aquatic Systems
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Abstract

Microbial decomposition of terrestrial carbon may be enhanced by the addition of easily decomposable compounds, a phenomenon referred to as priming effect. We investigated the microbial decomposition of terrestrial dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in one-stage and two-stage flow-through cultures (chemostats) in the absence and presence of growing phytoplankton as phytoplankton-derived organic matter might facilitate the mineralization of more refractory terrestrial compounds. Peat water and soil leachate were used as terrestrial substrates, and only slight DOC decomposition was observed in the absence of phytoplankton for both substrates. A priming effect was revealed via 14C data. Priming was more pronounced for the peat water substrate than for the soil leachate. The total DOC concentrations increased for both substrates in the presence of phytoplankton due to exudation and cell lysis. Samples from the soil leachate experiments were analyzed using ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Predominantly, the same saturated, aliphatic molecules with H/C ratios >1.5 were completely decomposed in the absence and in the presence of phytoplankton. The decomposition of more stable molecules differed in their intensity. Oxidized and unsaturated molecules with H/C ratios <1.0 and O/C ratios >0.4 were more strongly decomposed in phytoplankton presence (i.e., under priming). We conclude that an aquatic priming effect is not easily detectable via net concentration changes alone, and that qualitative investigations of the DOC processed by bacterial decomposition are necessary to detect aquatic priming.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank U. Kiwel, U. Link, I. Locker, Y. Rosenlöcher, E. Ruschak, and F. Zander for their help in the lab and field, and I. Siebert for the carbon concentration analyses. F. Loos helped in counting bacteria samples, and H. Rönicke assisted in the determination of phytoplankton species. We also thank O. Lechtenfeld for valuable discussions and helpful comments on the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge Boris Koch for developing and providing the FT-ICR MS molecular formula calculation software and the data evaluation pipeline used in this study. We would like to thank the members of the Leibniz Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Isotope Research, Kiel (Germany). We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their comments which improved the manuscript.

This work was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant number 02WT1290A). FT-ICR MS analyses were performed at the Centre for Chemical Microscopy (ProVIS) at the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research which is supported by European Regional Development Funds (EFRE—Europe funds Saxony) and the Helmholtz Association.

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  1. Department of Lake Research, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Brückstr. 3a, 39114, Magdeburg, Germany

    Karoline Morling, Norbert Kamjunke & Jörg Tittel

  2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany

    Julia Raeke & Thorsten Reemtsma

  3. Department of River Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Brückstr. 3a, 39114, Magdeburg, Germany

    Norbert Kamjunke

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  1. Karoline Morling
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Morling, K., Raeke, J., Kamjunke, N. et al. Tracing Aquatic Priming Effect During Microbial Decomposition of Terrestrial Dissolved Organic Carbon in Chemostat Experiments. Microb Ecol 74, 534–549 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-017-0976-0

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