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Magnetresonanz-Messung von Eisenumsatzprozessen in Sanden: Nicht-invasive Charakterisierung von Reaktionsabläufen

Magnetic resonance measurements of iron turn-over in sands: non-invasive characterization of reaction processes

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Zusammenfassung

In dieser Arbeit wird die magnetische Kernspinresonanz (NMR) als zerstörungsfreies Verfahren eingesetzt, um Umsetzungsprozesse des Eisens zu untersuchen. Im Labor wurden NMR-Relaxationszeitmessungen durchgeführt, über die auf die Verteilung und zeitliche Änderung gelöster Eisenspezies geschlossen werden kann. Diese Umsetzungsprozesse spielen im Grundwasser bei sich ändernden Redox- oder pH-Verhältnissen eine wichtige Rolle. In den untersuchten Proben konnte nicht nur Fe2+ von Fe3+ gleicher Konzentration unterschieden werden, sondern es ließen sich auch quantitativ Änderungen der jeweiligen Eisenkonzentration in Lösung ableiten. Dies wurde benutzt, um Auflösungs-, Ausfällungs- und Redoxprozesse von Fe-Ionen in wässriger Lösung oder in gesättigten natürlichen Sanden zu untersuchen. Die Messungen der Prozesse mit zeitlicher und räumlicher 1D-Auflösung zeigen das Wechselspiel einer Reaktion, die anfangs von Diffusion bestimmt wird, und bei der am Ende dann die effektive Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit der limitierende Parameter ist.

Abstract

In this study, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), a non-destructive measurement technique, has been applied for investigation of iron turn-over processes. In non-invasive laboratory experiments, iron dissolution and precipitation reactions in saturated natural sands were observed spatially and temporally. These processes play an important role in groundwater with varying redox and pH conditions. Redox reactions turning Fe2+ into Fe3+ and Fe3+ into Fe2+ were detected in aqueous solution by the difference in magnetic relaxation times. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of the iron reduction reaction, the consumption and diffusive transfer to and from the reaction sites, was observed in a 1D set-up with natural sands. The achieved spatial resolution was less than one millimetre while repeating measurements every half an hour. It showed the system changing from diffusion-limited to reaction-limited.

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Danksagung

Der Dank der Autoren gilt der DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) und der NWO (The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research) für die finanzielle Unterstützung des Projektes innerhalb des Internationalen Graduiertenkollegs ,,Diffusion in Porous Materials“ (DFG IRTG 1056/2). Herrn Dr. Jens Kolander danken wir für die Unterstützung bei der Planung und Durchführung einiger der hier vorgestellten NMR-Experimente.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department Hydrogeologie, UFZ–Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung GmbH, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Deutschland

    Ivonne Mitreiter

  2. Institut für Erd- und Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Deutschland

    Sascha E. Oswald

  3. Abteilung Grenzflächenphysik, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland

    Frank Stallmach

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  1. Ivonne Mitreiter
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  2. Sascha E. Oswald
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  3. Frank Stallmach
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Correspondence to Sascha E. Oswald.

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Mitreiter, I., Oswald, S.E. & Stallmach, F. Magnetresonanz-Messung von Eisenumsatzprozessen in Sanden: Nicht-invasive Charakterisierung von Reaktionsabläufen. Grundwasser 16, 269–278 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00767-011-0177-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00767-011-0177-6

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