Skip to main content
Log in

Evaluating the Relationships between the PEAK Relational Training System – Direct Training Module, Assessment of Basic Language and Learning Skills – Revised, and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales – II

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The present study sought to examine the relationships between two language assessments and a psychometrically validated adaptive behavior scale. The assessments evaluated included the Promoting the Emergence of Advanced Knowledge Relational Training System - Direct Training Module (PEAK-DT), the Assessment of Basic Language and Learning Skills – Revised (ABLLS-R), and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, second edition (VABS-II). The assessments were completed for 21 children diagnosed with autism. Results indicate a significant correlation between scores on the PEAK-DT and ABLLS-R (r = 0.951, p < 0.001, PEAK-DT and VABS-II (r = 0.453, p < .05), as well as the ABLLS-R and VABS-II (r = 0.563, p < 0.05). The results did not indicate any ceiling effects amongst any of the assessments. These results extend research on the psychometric properties of these assessment tools and provide implications for practitioner choice of curricula.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network Surveillance Year, and 2010 Principal Investigators (2014). Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years-autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2010. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, DC: 2002), 63(2), 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). CDC estimates 1 in 68 children has been identified with autism spectrum disorder. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2014/p0327-autism-spectrumdisorder.html. Accessed 15 June 2016.

  • Dixon, M. R. (2014a). The PEAK relational training system: direct training module. Carbondale, IL: Shawnee Scientific Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, M. R. (2014b). The PEAK relational training system: generalization module. Carbondale, IL: Shawnee Scientific Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, M. R. (2015). The PEAK relational training system: equivalence module. Carbondale, IL: Shawnee Scientific Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, M. R., Small S., L., & Rosales, R. (2007). Extended analysis of empirical citations with Skinner's verbal behavior: 1984–2004. The Behavior Analyst., 30(2), 197–209.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, M. R., Carman, J., Tyler, P. A., Whiting, S. W., Enoch, M., & Daar, J. H. (2014a). PEAK relational training system for children with autism and developmental disabilities: correlations with Peabody picture vocabulary test and assessment reliability. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 26(5), 603–614.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, M. R., Whiting, S. W., Rowsey, K., & Belisly, J. (2014b). Assessing the relationship between intelligence and the PEAK relational training system. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8(9), 1208–1213.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, M. R., Belisle, J., Stanley, C., Rowsey, K., Daar, J. H., & Szekely, S. (2015). Toward a behavior analysis of complex language for children with autism: evaluating the relationship between PEAK and the VB-MAPP. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 27, 223–233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunn, L. M., & Dunn, D. M. (2007). The peabody picture vocabulary test, fourth edition. Bloomington, MN: NCS Pearson, Inc.

  • Dymond, S., O'Hora, D., Whelan, R., & O'Donovan, A. (2006). Citation analysis of Skinner's verbal behavior: 1984–2004. The Behavior Analyst., 29(1), 75–88.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Furniss, F. (2009). Assessment methods. In J. L. Matson (Ed.), Applied behavior analysis for children with autism spectrum disorders (pp. 33–66). New York: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Illinois State Board of Education. (2013). Illinois early learning and development standards. Retrieved from http://www.isbe.state.il.us/earlychi/pdf/early_learning_standards.pdf. Accessed 10 October 2016.

  • Mahmood, H., Saleemi, M., Hashim Riaz, Y. H., & Khan, F. (2015). Coping strategies of mothers with ASD children. Professional Medical Journal, 22(11).

  • Odom, S. L., Boyd, B. A., Hall, L. J., & Hume, K. (2010). Evaluation of comprehensive treatment models for individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(4), 425–436.

  • Ontario Ministry of Child and Youth Services. (2016). Programs and services for children with autism. Retrieved from: http://www.children.gov.on.ca/htdocs/English/specialneeds/autism/programs.aspx. Accessed 15 June 2016.

  • Ontario Ministry of Child and Youth Services. (n.d.). The Autism parent resource kit. Retrieved from: http://www.children.gov.on.ca/htdocs/English/documents/specialneeds/autism/aprk/Autism_Parent_Resource_Kit.pdf. Accessed 15 June 2016.

  • Partington, J. W. (2008). The assessment of basic language and learning skills-revised (the ABLLS-R). Pleasant Hill, CA: Behavior Analysts, Inc.

  • Pearson Education. (2014). Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition(Vineland™-II) Retrieved from: http://www.pearsonclinical.com/psychology/products/100000668/vineland-adaptive-behavior-scales-second-edition-vineland-ii-vinelandii.html?Pid=Vineland-II#tab-details

  • Perry, A., Flanagan, H. E., Geier, J. D., & Freeman, N. L. (2009). Brief report: the Vineland adaptive behavior scales in young children with autism spectrum disorders at different cognitive levels. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(7), 1066–1078.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reed, D. D., & Luiselli, J. K. (2016). Promoting the emergence of advanced knowledge: a review of peak relational training system: direct training module by mark R Dixon. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 49(1), 205–211. doi:10.1002/jaba.281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sautter, R. A., & Le Blanc, L. (2006). Empirical applications of Skinner’s analysis of verbal behavior with humans. The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 22, 35–48.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, B. F. (1957). Verbal behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

  • Sundberg, M. L. (2008). Verbal behavior milestones assessment and placement program. Concord, CA: AVB.

  • Wagner, A., Lecavalier, L., Arnold, L. E., Aman, M. G., Scahill, L., Stigler, K. A., et al. (2007). Developmental disabilities modification of the Children’s global assessment scale. Biological Psychiatry, 61(4), 504–511.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wong, C., Odom, S. L., Hume, K. A., Cox, A. W., Fettig, A., Kucharczyk, S., et al. (2015). Evidence-based practices for children, youth, and young adults with autism spectrum disorder: a comprehensive review. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(7), 1951–1966.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The author would like to thank the dedicated group of professionals at Surrey Place Centre, Toronto, ON for their help in gathering the data for this project.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mark R. Dixon.

Ethics declarations

Funding

This study was not funded by any entity.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in this project were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants, guardians, and/or agencies that are included in the study.

Conflict of Interest

The second author receives small royalties from sales of the PEAK curriculum. The first, third and fourth authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Disclosure

Second author receives small royalties from sales of the PEAK curriculum.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Malkin, A., Dixon, M.R., Speelman, R.C. et al. Evaluating the Relationships between the PEAK Relational Training System – Direct Training Module, Assessment of Basic Language and Learning Skills – Revised, and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales – II. J Dev Phys Disabil 29, 341–351 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10882-016-9527-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10882-016-9527-8

Keywords

Navigation