Abstract
Two soils were amended three times with pig manure. The abundance of sulfonamide resistance genes was determined by quantitative PCR 2 months after each application. In both soils treated with sulfadiazine-containing manure, the numbers of copies of sul1 and sul2 significantly increased compared to numbers after treatments with antibiotic-free manure or a control and accumulated with repeated applications.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
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Bacterial Proteins / genetics
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Carrier Proteins / genetics
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Drug Resistance, Bacterial*
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Escherichia coli Proteins / genetics
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Genes, Bacterial*
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Manure*
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Metagenome*
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Soil Microbiology*
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Sulfadiazine / pharmacology*
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Swine
Substances
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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Bacterial Proteins
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Carrier Proteins
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Escherichia coli Proteins
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Manure
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Sul1 protein, E coli
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Sul2 protein, bacteria
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Sulfadiazine