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  • Russian  (1,701)
  • PHILOS  (1,701)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration ; 2018
    In:  Philosophical Literary Journal Logos Vol. 28, No. 5 ( 2018-11), p. 113-136
    In: Philosophical Literary Journal Logos, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vol. 28, No. 5 ( 2018-11), p. 113-136
    Abstract: Attempts to find alternatives to totalizing (which appears in the social sciences as explanations via society, class, gender, culture, etc.) and essentializing the understanding of the social lie at the heart of the contemporary efforts in the social sciences to appeal to a concept of multiplicity that enables rendering reality not only as various and fragmented, but also as inconsistent, complex and variously distributed within itself. Psychology, economics, political theory and many other disciplines have offered their own ways of conceiving multiplicity. In sociology the most wellknown attempts to use this concept are by the neo-Marxist authors Michael Hardt, Antonio Negri, and Paolo Virno, and other such attempts are found in Schütze’s phenomenological sociology as well as in the Goffmanian tradition. The article provides theoretical and methodological explications of the multiplicity concept in actor-network theory. In the theoretical terms, it is argued that Annemarie Mol and John Law make the distinction between multiplicity and plurality without resorting to relativism and social constructivism. They employ multiplicity to analyze the decentralized, distributed objects which combine actual existence with the potential to change. The methodological approach of the article is to delineate and analyze the foundations of three methods of explicating multiplicity in actor-network theory: the ethnographic one (Annemarie Mol, John Law, Charis Thompson), the “technological” one (Noortje Marres, Albena Yaneva), and methods of making conceptual figures (Donna Haraway, Michel Serres, Isabelle Stengers). The author maintains that the juncture between theoretical and the methodological consideration of the concept of multiplicity enables actor-network theory to provide definite ways to carry out enactments of social reality rather than merely describing it.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2499-9628 , 0869-5377
    URL: Issue
    Language: Russian
    Publisher: The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2826495-2
    SSG: 7,39
    SSG: 5,1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration ; 2019
    In:  Philosophical Literary Journal Logos Vol. 28, No. 6 ( 2019-1), p. 105-130
    In: Philosophical Literary Journal Logos, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vol. 28, No. 6 ( 2019-1), p. 105-130
    Abstract: The article describes the system of mass higher education in terms of political economy. The author discusses how the social and economic results of the education system depend on the principles of its organization. In identifying the economic effect of education, the author emphasizes that in certain circumstances certificates of education may function in the market as fictitious capital, increasing the economic opportunities of certificate holders without any basis in an actual increase in training or professionalism. The analogy with fictitious capital is methodologically justified because the certificate itself brings about an increment in money received although it creates no new value. The social consequence of the formalization of education is the falsification of its cultural content and significance. This formalization of education and the decline in the role of education and knowledge in society may make the cultural capital to which education contributes fictitious as well because it is verified only by a certificate of qualification in place of an actual advanced level of education. The author describes the process of formalization of education as a bureaucratic attack on the autonomy of the academic environment. To overcome the formalization of education and to repel this bureaucratic attack on it, it is necessary to establish the proper conditions for academic and personal development while enlisting society at large in formulating standards and specific criteria for the development of education. The author sees the processes taking place in education as signs of a crisis of institutionalization as a principle for regulating human activity. This crisis is manifested today not only by numerous disruptions in the operation of the educational system but also in the crisis concerning its social significance, and more broadly in questioning the social significance of knowledge.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2499-9628 , 0869-5377
    URL: Issue
    Language: Russian
    Publisher: The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2826495-2
    SSG: 7,39
    SSG: 5,1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration ; 2019
    In:  Philosophical Literary Journal Logos Vol. 29, No. 1 ( 2019), p. 133-146
    In: Philosophical Literary Journal Logos, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vol. 29, No. 1 ( 2019), p. 133-146
    Abstract: The article presents edited material from a meeting with Giorgio Agamben to publicize the release of the Russian translation of his book The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government. Agamben discusses the reasons and conditions for the formation of power in the West as oikonomia; the early Christian origins of the modern domination of the economy and government in all spheres of public life; the certainty of modern power; together with what makes politics possible and the connection of politics with inactivity, dispositives and processes of deactivation. The archaeological study of the phenomenon of power suggests that its modern forms are notconfined exclusively to government, but power is also characterized by the concept of “glory” whose ceremonial, liturgical and praiseworthy aspects we have customarily viewed as rudiments of the past even though they still retain their influence. Power in the guise of government shifts the focus to action that reveals its own baselessness and radically reconfigures ideas about the relationship between economics and politics. In turn, the groundlessness of praxis requires conceptualizing will, understood as dispositive, which raises the issue of adequate strategies for constructing relations between the subject and the government as a condition for the very possibility of the political. Deactivation, profanation and inactivity are a prism through which the potential of the political, the poetic, the economic and the human is revealed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2499-9628 , 0869-5377
    URL: Issue
    Language: Russian
    Publisher: The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2826495-2
    SSG: 7,39
    SSG: 5,1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration ; 2019
    In:  Philosophical Literary Journal Logos Vol. 29, No. 1 ( 2019), p. 243-258
    In: Philosophical Literary Journal Logos, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vol. 29, No. 1 ( 2019), p. 243-258
    Abstract: The essay investigates the phenomenon of laziness by first analyzing the opposition between laziness and the good. Both utility and the good make reference to labor. This opposition between labor and laziness is pivotal in Oblomov, Ivan Goncharov’s famous novel written in 1859. It marks a radical transition from a feudal paradigm to a capitalistic one. The two main characters in the novel are Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, a Russian, and Andrey Ivanovich Stolz, a German, who together seem to personify the contradiction between laziness and labor. But the purpose of the essay is to deconstruct that opposition. In this connection, one can cite Kazimir Malevich, who maintained that laziness is the Mother of Perfection and is always unconsciously inherent in the conscious intent to work. Analysis of the Latin concepts of otium and negotium indicates that the laziness/labor opposition may be deconstructed as a dialectic between labor and its opposite. In other words, laziness does not stand in contradiction to labor but is instead its inseparable dialectical other. In the last part of the essay, the article considers the thinking of Anatoly Peregud, a poet who spent almost all his life in a psychiatric hospital. According to Peregud, Lenin derived his pseudonym from the Russian linguistic root “len” (laziness) in order to make laziness central to communism. For his part, Lenin saw Oblomov as an emblem of the main obstacle standing in the way of communism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2499-9628 , 0869-5377
    URL: Issue
    Language: Russian
    Publisher: The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2826495-2
    SSG: 7,39
    SSG: 5,1
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration ; 2019
    In:  Philosophical Literary Journal Logos Vol. 29, No. 1 ( 2019), p. 273-287
    In: Philosophical Literary Journal Logos, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vol. 29, No. 1 ( 2019), p. 273-287
    Abstract: The article examines the impact of the discourses concerning idleness and food on the formation of “production art” in the socio-political context of revolutionary Petrograd. The author argues that the development of the theory and practice of this early productionism was closely related to the larger political, social and ideological processes in the city. The Futurists, who were in the epicenter of Petrograd politics during the Civil War (1918–1921), were well acquainted with both of the discourses mentioned, and they contrasted the idleness of the old art with the dedicated labor of the “artist-proletarians” whom they valued as highly as people in the “traditional” working professions. And the search for the “right to exist” became the most important goal in a starving city dominated by the ideology of radical communism. The author departs from the prevailing approach in the literature, which links the artistic thought of the Futurists to Soviet ideology in its abstract, generalized form, and instead elucidates ideological influences in order to consider the early production texts in their immediate social and political contexts. The article shows that the basic concepts of production art (“artist-proletarian,” “creative labor,” etc.) were part of the mainstream trends in the politics of “red Petrograd.” The Futurists borrowed the popular notion of the “commune” for the title of their main newspaper but also worked with the Committees of the Rural Poor and with the state institutions for procurement and distribution. They took an active part in the Fine Art Department of Narkompros (People’s Commissariat of Education). The theory of production art was created under these conditions. The individualistic protest and “aesthetic terror” of pre-revolutionary Futurism had to be reconsidered, and new state policy measures were based on them. The harsh socio-economic context of war communism prompted artists to rethink their own role in the “impending commune.” Further development of these ideas led to the Constructivist movement and strongly influenced the extremely diverse trends within the “left art” of the 1920s.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2499-9628 , 0869-5377
    URL: Issue
    Language: Russian
    Publisher: The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2826495-2
    SSG: 7,39
    SSG: 5,1
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration ; 2019
    In:  Philosophical Literary Journal Logos Vol. 29, No. 2 ( 2019), p. 1-24
    In: Philosophical Literary Journal Logos, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vol. 29, No. 2 ( 2019), p. 1-24
    Abstract: The article examines a problem besetting social theory and theory of culture: the problem of using postmodernism as a language for describing the 21st century. The author resorts to the umbrella term “post-postmodernism” to indicate the more complex theories that focus mainly on the analysis of the latest forms of capitalism rather than the concepts that other themselves as direct alternatives to postmodernism even though they ignore the link between postmodernism and capitalism. The author takes up the idea, first argued for by the American Marxist philosopher Fredric Jameson, that postmodernism is the cultural logic of late capitalism and then uses Jameson’s approach in an attempt to retrace the continuity of new concepts of capitalism. The discussion begins with the theory of capitalist realism developed by leftist British thinker Mark Fisher. Fisher recognizes Jameson’s merits but takes exception to the term “postmodernism,” although the entire philosophical apparatus that Fisher uses is borrowed from Jameson’s work. The article then bridges the gap between capitalist realism and the latest left-wing theories such as accelerationism and post-capitalism. After tracing the close connection between the work of Mark Fisher and Nick Land, who worked together in the 1990’s at the Cybernetic Culture Research Unit (CCRU) and the ideas of Nick Srnicek, the author asks why Srnicek and his colleagues are put off by Fredric Jameson’s postmodern theory. The answer is that postmodernism does not permit contemporary leftists to speculate about the future. However, as the author points out, Jameson’s ideas about postmodernism at the “genetic level” are implicit in Srnicek’s concept of post-capitalism, which makes Srnicek’s theory “post-postmodernist,” although as a negative variation (in contrast to Mark Fisher’s positive one).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2499-9628 , 0869-5377
    URL: Issue
    Language: Russian
    Publisher: The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2826495-2
    SSG: 7,39
    SSG: 5,1
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration ; 2019
    In:  Philosophical Literary Journal Logos Vol. 29, No. 2 ( 2019), p. 221-250
    In: Philosophical Literary Journal Logos, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vol. 29, No. 2 ( 2019), p. 221-250
    Abstract: One of the main topics of theoretical discussions following 1968 was raised by Michel Foucault, who argued for the formative role of discourse - that discourse has regulating effects that extend not only to the structure of utterances, but also to speakers themselves. The shift in viewpoint that Foucault accomplished has provided a way to see discourse not only as a medium of power, but as power itself, a power that generates the subjectivity of those who use or gain access to use of a given discourse. Recognizing this power in discourse enabled Foucault to overturn the traditional conception of the individual as the ontological source of speech (“the creative force determining the initial position of writing”) and to redefine it as a function of the utterance itself that guarantees grammatical unity and the conceptual and stylistic cohesion of speech. This analytical perspective is applicable to the historical materials on the debates about the paths and methods of the Soviet cultural revolution that the victorious proletariat should employ in order to shore up the social victory of October 1917. The problems confronting Soviet theoreticians and agents of the cultural revolution had much in common with those that would be conceptualized later on in discussions from the 1970s and 1980s. The form of assimilation of this normative order and the mechanisms of ideological Interpellation, which imply the active involvement of Soviet citizens in production of discourses, are the central topics in this examination as they provide insight into how an idea becomes a material force and how it captures the masses. The immediate object of study is the worker and village correspondent (rabkor and selkor) movement of the 1920s as well as its understanding by theorists of the Left Front of the Arts
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2499-9628 , 0869-5377
    URL: Issue
    Language: Russian
    Publisher: The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2826495-2
    SSG: 7,39
    SSG: 5,1
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration ; 2019
    In:  Philosophical Literary Journal Logos Vol. 29, No. 2 ( 2019), p. 251-267
    In: Philosophical Literary Journal Logos, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vol. 29, No. 2 ( 2019), p. 251-267
    Abstract: This article others a brief historical account of the complex relationship between Michel Foucault and certain theorists in the Western Marxist philosophical tradition. In the context of the history of the “short twentieth century,” Western Marxism is an intellectual trend based on an interpretation of non-Western revolutionary praxis (by Bolsheviks, Maoists, Guevaristas, etc.). Comparative analysis of several schematic portraits - of Lenin’s revolutionary intellectual, of traditional as opposed to organic intellectuals in Gramsci, and of Foucault’s public intellectual - shows that Foucault in a certain instances was not an external enemy of the Western Marxist tradition, but rather its internal critic. Foucault comes across as a revisionist who engaged in a debate with Lenin about the strategy of the revolutionary movement in France of the 1960s and the 70s. Foucault’s criticism of Leninism unexpectedly turns out to be consistent with the basic struggle of post-WWII Western Marxism to find an alternative to the Bolshevik experience of revolution. This deliberate concurrence makes Foucault one of the significant figures in the history of late Western Marxism, but this becomes a real problem for current historians of neo-Marxist thought when coupled with his generally anti-Marxist views. The article discusses two possible solutions to this problem devised by Perry Anderson and Daniel Bensaid. Anderson’s description of the role of Foucault in the fate of Western Marxism is limited to conceptual questions about the relationship between Marxism and (post) structuralism. Bensaid tries to explain how Foucault fits into the Marxist tradition by appealing to social changes, specifically the changing ideology of capitalist society (in the spirit of The New Spirit of Capitalism by Luc Boltanski and Ève Chiapello). Building on Bensaid’s work, the article shows the link between Foucault’s position on public intellectuals and the crisis of the revolutionary movement of the last half-century, in particular by reference to the famous “Iranian episode” in Foucault’s biography.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2499-9628 , 0869-5377
    URL: Issue
    Language: Russian
    Publisher: The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2826495-2
    SSG: 7,39
    SSG: 5,1
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration ; 2019
    In:  Philosophical Literary Journal Logos Vol. 29, No. 3 ( 2019), p. 67-98
    In: Philosophical Literary Journal Logos, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vol. 29, No. 3 ( 2019), p. 67-98
    Abstract: This article discusses Сarl von Clausewitz’s theory of war in relation to war’s modernity. This relation is analyzed in two ways: by tracing its philosophical sources and the epistemological status of the theory, but also by following how it was received in Soviet “military philosophy.” The first part of the article looks into the influence of German idealism on Clausewitz. In the second part, it analyzes his original way of constructing a theory of war, which understands war as a thing that is complex, changeable, and not amenable to comprehensive conceptualization. Clausewitz offers a new way of theorizing: relativistic (as opposed to abstract or absolute modes of thinking), historical (as opposed to the invariance of logical categories) and pragmatic (as opposed to philosophically disinterested). In conclusion the author reconstructs Clausewitz’s place in Soviet military theory. In the 1920s-1930s Clausewitz was a regarded as an authoritative thinker; in the late 1940s, Stalin denounced him as a “Prussian reactionary” who wrote about the outdated “manufacturing period of war” rather than its modern machine age. In the 1960s-1980s even though the struggle against “kneeling before the West” was over, historical or theoretical studies of Clausewitz were not resumed. Only his name and his famous aphorism that “war is a continuation of politics by other means” were occasionally mentioned. The author considers this “overthrow of Clausewitz” as a victory for Stalinism, the result of ta replication of semantic and power relations and of mental and professional structures that were formed in late Stalinism. The militarized regime of Stalinist science has been perpetuated to some extent in current military-scientific institutions. “Military philosophers” tend to reproduce the same symbolic schemes of thought which are determined by their struggle over the “legacy of the Great Victory.”
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2499-9628 , 0869-5377
    URL: Issue
    Language: Russian
    Publisher: The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2826495-2
    SSG: 7,39
    SSG: 5,1
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration ; 2019
    In:  Philosophical Literary Journal Logos
    In: Philosophical Literary Journal Logos, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
    Abstract: The article provides a brief historical overview of the understanding of war in European thought. It provides a chronological account of the transformation in the perception of war as a socio-political phenomenon, particularly from the standpoint of ethics and political theory. The author examines the main approaches that ancient philosophy applied to the moral assessment of war. Plato and Aristotle are ambivalent toward war, maintaining that judgment of a war depends on its compatibility with natural justice. In the works of Christian authors, the basis of this uncertainty rests on the idea that God is the source of justice. The paradigm of punitive war became the core of the Christian doctrine of just war. In the modern era, the philosophical perception of war came to be secularized. Theological evaluation of armed conflicts was replaced by a legalistic appraisal. The article considers the influence of Grotius and his followers on the process of replacing the punitive paradigm of just war with a legalistic paradigm. However, by the eighteenth century renunciation of war and yearning for perpetual peace had become a popular line of thinking exemplified in Kant’s comments on that matter. The author then invokes the legacy of Clausewitz in order to explain the main features of modern views on war as a function reserved exclusively for the state. The article concludes with a comparative review of approaches to the evaluation of war by political realists and contemporary just war theorists.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2499-9628 , 0869-5377
    Language: Russian
    Publisher: The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2826495-2
    SSG: 7,39
    SSG: 5,1
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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