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  • Wissenschaftspark Albert Einstein  (144)
  • GB Glienicke/Nordbahn
  • SB Großräschen
  • GB Blankenfelde-Mahlow
  • SRB Cottbus
  • Zentrum Info.arbeit Bundeswehr
  • Bibliothek im Kontor
  • SB Rathenow
  • Grünes Gedächtnis
  • Kunsthochschule Berlin
  • Stiftung Fürst-Pückler-Museum
  • Fachstelle Brandenburg
  • Bibliothek Wandlitz
  • SB Finsterwalde
  • GB Hohenleipisch
  • SB Bad Wilsnack
  • 2005-2009
  • 1975-1979  (144)
  • 1945-1949
  • Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 〈Hanover, NH〉  (144)
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  • Wissenschaftspark Albert Einstein  (144)
  • GB Glienicke/Nordbahn
  • SB Großräschen
  • GB Blankenfelde-Mahlow
  • SRB Cottbus
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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Detecting structural heat losses with mobile infrared thermography; Part II: Survey of Pease Air Force Base, Portsmouth, New Hampshire (1975)
    Hanover, N.H. : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Details
    UID:
    kobvindex_GFZ122965
    Format: iii, 29 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 338
    Content: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Discussion of heat loss survey of six housing units. - Survey of base facilities. - Conclusions. - Literature cited.
    Content: During the winter of 1973-74 a mobile infrared thermography system was used to survey housing units and base facilities at Pease Air Force Base, Portsmouth, New Hampshire. This report provides both qualitative and quantitative evidence regarding heat flow out of the eave vents of these housing units. Calculations indicate that a significant amount of heat is being lost in this manner due to inadequate attic (cap) insulation. Possible evidence of incomplete ventilation could explain the presence of condensation in the housing units. Analyses of thermograms are presented to show the possible existence of low and high pressure areas around a structure and how they relate to heat loss.
    Note: MAB0014.001: ZSP-202-338 , Online frei verfügbar
    In: Detecting structural heat losses with mobile infrared thermography / R.H. Munis, S.J. Marshall and M.A. Bush, Part II
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command, 338
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als
    Language: English
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    URL: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/227388627
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Compressibility characteristics of undisturbed snow (1975)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Details
    UID:
    kobvindex_GFZ122968
    Format: iv, 57 Seiten , Illustrations
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 336
    Content: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Nomenclature. - Introduction. - Description of study. - Sample preparation. - Test equipment and procedure. - Discussion of results. - Stress-density relationship. - Effect of rate of deformation. - Effect of temperature. - Effect of initial snow density. - Stress-deformation relationship. - Summary and conclusions. - Microstructural analysis. - Introduction. - Analytical methods. - Results and discussion. - Conclusion. - Literature cited. - Anpendix: Test data.
    Content: The effects of snow temperature, rate of deformation, and initial density on the stress vs density and stress vs deformation relationships were investigated in the pressure range of 0.1 to 75 bars. The rate of deformation in the range of 0.027 to 27 cm sec^-1 does not have a significant effect. A decrease in temperature in the range of 0° to -40°C increases the resistance to stress and deformation, the temperature effect increasing with applied pressure and initial density. The effect of initial density is significant. For any stress, an increase in the initial density results in an increase in the resulting density, particularly at low stress levels and at temperatures near 0°C. The texture of artificially compacted snow is significantly different from that of naturally compacted snow of the same density because of the very short recrystallization time period.
    Note: MAB0014.001: ZSP-202-336 , Online frei verfügbar
    In: Research report
    Language: English
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    URL: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1035634745
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  • 3
    Book
    Book
    Differential sea ice drift (1975)
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory,
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    Details
    UID:
    kobvindex_GFZ122977
    Format: v, 37 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 329
    Content: CONTENTS: General Introduction. - Part I. Spatial and temporal variations in sea ice deformatfon. - Introduction. - Approach. - Site location and data collection procedures. - Data analysis. - Strain results. - Comparison of mesoscale deformation with macroscale deformation. - Nature of the ice pack rotation. - Conciusion. - Literature cited. - Part Il. Comparison of mesoscale strain measurements with linear drift theory predictions. - Introduction. - List of symbols. - Linear drift equations. - Ice drift solutions. - Comparison of theory with mesoscale measurements. - A more general linear constitutive law. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix Relative magnitudes of differential drift forces. - Abstract.
    Content: Measurements of mesoscale sea ice deformation over a region approximately 20 km in diameter were made over a five-week period in the spring of 1972 at the main AIDJEX camp in the Beaufort Sea. They have been analyzed to determine nonlinearities in the ice velocity field (due to the discrete small-scale nature of the ice pack), as well as a continuum mode of deformation represented by a least squares strain rate tensor and vorticity. The deformation rate time series between Julian day 88 and 113 exhibited net areal changes as large as 3% and deformation rates up to 0.16% per hour. In the principal axis coordinate system, the strain rate typically exhibited a much larger compression (or extension) along one axis than along the other. Persistent cycles at ~12-hour wavelengths were observed in the divergence rate. A comparison of the average residual error with the average strain rate magnitude indicated that strains measured on a scale of 10 km or greater can serve as a valid measure of the continuum motion of the sea ice. This conclusion is also substantiated by a comparison between the mesoscale deformation, and macroscale deformation measured over a ~100-km-diameter region. Vorticity calculations indicate that at low temporal frequencies ( 〈 0.04 hr^-1 ) the whole mesoscale array rotates essentially as an entity and consequently the low frequency vorticity can accurately be estimated from the rotation of a single floe. (Part I) A comparison of mesoscale strain measurements with the atmospheric pressure field and the wind velocity field indicated that the ice divergence rate and vorticity followed the local pressure and wind divergence with significant correlation. For low atmospheric pressures and converging winds, the divergence rate was negative with the vorticity being counterclockwise. The inverse behavior was observed for high pressures and diverging winds. This behavior agreed with predictions based upon the infinite boundary solution of a linearized drift theory in the absence of gradient current effects and using the constitutive law proposed by Glen for pack ice. The best least squares values of the constitutive law parameters [Eta] and [Zeta] were found to be given by ~10^12 kg sec^-1. Using typical divergence rates, these values yielded compressive stresses of the magnitude of 10^5 N m^-1, which are similar to values suggested by the Parmerter and Coon ridge model. In general, the infinite boundary solution of the linear drift equation indicates that in a low pressure region that is reasonably localized in space, the ice would be expected to converge for high compactness (winter) and diverge for low compactness (summer). Calculations were also carried out using a more general linear viscoelastic constitutive law that includes memory effects and that includes a generalized Hooke's law as well as the Glen law as special cases. A best fit of this more general calculation with strain measurements indicates, overall, a better agreement with viscous behavior than with elastic behavior, with the frequency behavior of the estimated "viscosities" similar to the Glen law behavior at temporal frequencies less than ~0.01 hr^-1 (Part II)
    Note: MAB0014.001: ZSP-202-329 , Online frei verfügbar
    In: Research report
    Language: English
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    URL: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1387886
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  • 4
    Book
    Book
    The bearing capacity of floating ice plates subjected to static or quasi-static loads : a critical survey (1975)
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    UID:
    kobvindex_GFZ122973
    Format: iv, 43 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 333
    Content: CONTENTS: Preface. - Introduction. - Analogy method. - Method based on the bending theory of elastic plates and the criterion [Sigma]max = [Sigma]f. - Methods based on viscoelastic theories. - Methods based on the yield line theory or limit analysis. - Comparison of analytical and test results. - General remarks. - Effect of bending and shearing forces on deflection of an ice cover. - Determination of Pf(O). - Determination of Pf(t). - Determination of [Sigma]f. - Summary and recommendations. - Literature cited.
    Content: This report contains a critical survey of the literature on the bearing capacity of floating ice plates. It consists of a discussion of general questions, a critical survey of analytical attempts to determine the bearing capacity of floating ice plates, and a survey of field and laboratory tests on floating ice plates and their relation to the analytical results. The paper concludes with a systematic summary of the results, a discussion of observed shortcomings, and suggestions for needed investigations.
    Note: MAB0014.001: ZSP-202-333 , Online frei verfügbar
    In: Research report
    Language: English
    URL: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1387849
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  • 5
    Book
    Book
    A digital computer simulation of the annual snow and soil thermal regimes at Barrow, Alaska (1975)
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    UID:
    kobvindex_GFZ122975
    Format: iv, 18 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 331
    Content: CONTENTS: Preface. - Introduction. - An overview of the model structure and operation. - Operation of subroutines. - TSTART. - FOMO. - REAWEA. - SEARCH. - STEMP. - TUNPIC. - Development history of the simulator. - The simulation of snow fence effects. - Urbanization and meltout. - Conclusion. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Mathematical notation. - Appendix B: Computerprogram. - Abstract.
    Content: An annual snow-soil simulator for Arctic tundra was developed using coupled models of surface equilibrium temperature and substrate thermal diffusion. Snow ripening, melt and accumulation are modeled in the simulator which is forced with daily weather data. The simulator predicts that a snow fence array capable of producing drift deeper than 4.2 meters will initiate a permanent snowfield at Barrow, Alaska. Such a man-induced snowfield could serve as a reliable source of fresh water for Barrow and similar villages in the North Slope region of Alaska. Further analysis indicated that albedo reduction due to dust fall, snow removal, etc., is dominant over aerodynamic effects in producing the early spring meltout observed at Barrow Village.
    Note: MAB0014.001: ZSP-202-331 , Online frei verfügbar
    In: Research report
    Language: English
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    URL: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1381484
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    Strain rate effect on the strength of frozen silt (1975)
    Hanover, N.H. : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    UID:
    kobvindex_GFZ122902
    Format: iv, 27 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 350
    Note: MAB0014.001: ZSP-202-350 , CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Sample preparation. - Apparatus and testing procedure. - Test results. - Uniaxial strength. - Initial tangent and 50% strength moduli. - Specific energy. - Discussion. - Testing method. - Compressive strength. - Tensile strength. - Ductile and brittle fracture.. - Initial tangent and 50% stress moduli. - Specific energy. - Conclusions and recommendations. - References. - Appendix A: Description of soil and calculations. - Appendix B: Description of the LVDT and averaging circuits. - Appendix C: Determination of strain in the neck section of a dumbbell specimen.
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 350
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als
    Language: English
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    URL: https://usace.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p266001coll1/id/6211
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  • 7
    Book
    Book
    Interaction of a surface wave with a dielectric slab discontinuity (1978)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    UID:
    kobvindex_GFZ106208
    Format: v, 16 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-8
    Content: The interaction of a 5.1-GHz transverse electric surface wave with a dielectric slab is experimentally investigated. The wave is initially supported by a dielectric substrate resting upon a metallic ground-plane. A slab, made of the same dielectric material as the substrate and variable in height, is then placed upon the waveguide. The results for a small slab sitting on the substrate showed that the discontinuity was a very inefficient launcher of reflected surface waves. Investigations of these reflections with a trough waveguide showed that, for values of slab height comparable to the exponential decay height of the surface wave, the reflections remain very small. However, as the slab height is increased beyond the decay height, the reflected amplitude approaches the theoretical value for a plane wave reflected from the interface between air and the same dielectric. The results are applicable to surface wave methods of microwave deicing of wings and helicopter rotors.
    Note: MAB0014.001: ZSP-201-78/8 , CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Background Objective and procedure Theory of plane surface waves Waveguide design and characteristics Physical apparatus Frequency characteristics Spatial distribution of Ey above the guide Guide wave length Surface wave interaction with a slab discontinuity Experiments with a trough Discussion and conclusions Literature cited
    In: CRREL Report, 78-8
    Language: English
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/9408
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  • 8
    Book
    Book
    Segregation freezing as the cause of suction force for ice lens formation (1978)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    UID:
    kobvindex_GFZ106210
    Format: iv, 13 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-6
    Content: A new freezing mechanism, called segregation freezing, is proposed to explain the generation of the suction force that draws pore water up to the freezing surface of a growing ice lens. The segregation freezing temperature is derived by applying thermodynamics to a soil mechanics concept that distinguishes the effective pressure from the neutral pressure. The frost-heaving pressure is formulated in the solution of the differential equations of the simultaneous flow of heat and water, of which the segregation freezing temperature is one of the boundary conditions.
    Note: MAB0014.001: ZSP-201-78/6 , CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Segregation freezing Analysis Heat conduction in the nascent ice layer Water flow in the unfrozen soil Heat transfer in the unfrozen soil Energy balance at the segregation-freezing front Numerical computation Literature cited Appendix A. Essence of Portnov’s method Appendix B. Frost-heaving without air available
    In: CRREL Report, 78-6
    Language: English
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/9411
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  • 9
    Book
    Book
    Bearing capacity of river ice for vehicles (1978)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    UID:
    kobvindex_GFZ106219
    Format: iii, 22 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-3
    Content: The mathematical theory for the bearing capacity of river ice for vehicles is presented. The floating ice sheet is assumed to have simple supports at the shore line. Solutions are presented for loads uniformly distributed over circular and rectangular areas. Numerical evaluations are made for a number of vehicles and the results presented in graphical form
    Note: MAB0014.001: ZSP-201-78/3 , CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors: U.S. customary to metric (SI) units of measurement Introduction Theory Solution by superposition Solution by Fourier integral Solution by Fourier series Application and results Literature cited Appendix A: Bearing capacity of river ice for military vehicles Appendix B: Vehicle specifications Appendix C: Fortran II computer program
    In: CRREL Report, 78-3
    Language: English
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/9418
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  • 10
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    Book
    In-plane deformation of non-coaxial plastic soil (1978)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    UID:
    kobvindex_GFZ106209
    Format: iii, 28 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-7
    Content: The theory of non-coaxial in-plane plastic deformation of soils that obey the Coulomb yield criterion is presented. The constitutive equations are derived by use of the geometry of the Mohr circle and the theory of characteristic lines. It is found that, for solving a boundary value problem, the non-coaxial angle must be given such values that enable us to accommodate the presupposed type of flow in the given domain satisfying the given boundary conditions. The non-coaxial angle is contained in the constitutive equations as a parameter. Therefore, the plastic material obeying the Coulomb yield criterion is a singular material whose constitutive equations are not constant with material but are variable with flow conditions.
    Note: MAB0014.001: ZSP-201-78/7 , CONTENTS Abstrac Preface Introduction Analysis of stress Geometry of the Mohr circle Stress characteristic directions Analysis of strain rate Constitutive equations Strain-rate characteristic directions Constitutive geometry Strain-rate tensor The dyadic expression Plastic work rate Coordinate transformation Example The stress solution Velocity equations in the a-characteristic curvilinear coordinates The constant speed solution Velocity equations in the constant density region Solution in the first constant-density subregion Solution in the second constant-density subregion Solution in the passive region Conclusion Literature cited
    In: CRREL Report, 78-7
    Language: English
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/9410
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