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  • MPI Bildungsforschung  (9)
  • SB Schlieben
  • Sociology  (7)
  • Philosophy  (2)
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  • 1
    UID:
    b3kat_BV000920689
    Format: XIV,439 S.
    Content: "Only within the past twenty years or so have research workers in the human sciences begun to make systematic observations for the purpose of finding out how people feel, think, and behave at times when they are facing the threat of pain, serious injury, or death. About ten years ago I became acutely aware of the lack of cogent, dependable evidence. There were, of course, many controlled laboratory experiments purporting to deal with stress behavior, but almost all of them dealt with extremely brief exposures to threat stimuli or measured only peripheral aspects of emotional excitement. Such experiments provide behavioral data which are generally quite reliable but of dubious value for extrapolating to the conditions of actual life stress. In contrast to the tangential laboratory investigations were a large number of field studies of major disasters, focusing on the effects of prolonged exposure to powerful stress stimuli
    Content: But most of these studies proved to be extremely weak in precisely those respects where the laboratory studies were strong. Since major surgery involves a profound threat to body integrity as well as a variety of severe deprivations, it seemed likely that a great deal could be learned about the processes of normal adjustment to life stresses. From the findings presented in this book, the reader will be able to judge for himself the values and limitations of carrying out research with surgical patients. With the cooperation of the surgery staff in a general hospital, I was able to obtain pertinent data for a series of 30 intensive surgical case studies. In each of these cases, several regularities were noted concerning the sequence of stress responses, the most important of which involved a striking relationship between the degree of fear manifested before the operation and the degree of stress tolerance manifested after the operation
    Content: In order to test the apparent relationship and to obtain further correlational data bearing on the influence of preoperative information about the impending stressful events, a second study was conducted with a much larger group of subjects. Next, I participated in a psychoanalytic research project at Yale University, under which auspices I conducted the psychoanalytic treatment of a psychoneurotic woman. Shortly after her second year of the treatment, the patient developed an organic disorder in her leg, which, on advice of several physicians, required surgery. Detailed observational records were kept concerning this patient's emotional reactions, fantasies, and free associations during all psychoanalytic sessions. The records from the sessions immediately preceding and following the surgical operation proved to be an extraordinarily rich source of clues concerning unconscious psychological processes
    Language: English
    Subjects: Sociology
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    Keywords: Stress ; Psychoanalyse ; Verhalten ; Patient ; Operation ; Psychische Belastung ; Stress ; Psychologie ; Fallstudiensammlung
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  • 2
    UID:
    b3kat_BV003689215
    Format: XXII, 494 S.
    ISBN: 0306406756
    Series Statement: Critical issues in social justice
    Note: Literaturangaben
    Language: English
    Subjects: Psychology , Sociology
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    Keywords: Soziale Gerechtigkeit ; Psychologie ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    URL: Cover
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  • 3
    UID:
    b3kat_BV008195797
    Format: XII, 382 S.
    ISBN: 0465014097
    Content: The first history of American manhood this book sweeps away the groundless assumptions and myths that inform the current fascination with men's lives. Who is a "real man"? What is "naturally" male? How does a "manly" man act? Opposing the views of men's movement leaders and bestselling authors, who maintain that manliness is eternal and unchanging, E. Anthony Rotundo stresses that our concept of manhood is man-made; and like any human invention, it has a history. Rotundo traces the drastic shifts in the meaning of masculinity that have occurred over the past two centuries, and presents a radically different portrait of manhood in earlier times. Two hundred years ago, for example, men were considered more sexually restrained than women. The word "competitive" did not exist then, and the word "effeminate," until a century ago, referred to a fondness for luxury
    Content: Also in the nineteenth century, men often wrote each other love letters - even such famous Americans as Alexander Hamilton and Daniel Webster. American Manhood argues that a revolution in our understanding of masculinity has occurred twice over the last two hundred years. In colonial America, "communal manhood" - emphasizing social bonds and a man's place at the head of the household - dominated men's lives. But at the dawn of the nineteenth century a new "self-made manhood" emerged, stressing competition and fusing man's identity to the workplace. A second revolution occurred in the twentieth century as "passionate manhood," based on aggression, combativeness, and sexual desire, became the ideal
    Content: Speaking directly to the contemporary dilemmas of American masculinity, Rotundo brilliantly analyzes the moral and psychological paradoxes of becoming a man, discussing the bonds between mothers and sons as well as fathers and sons; the origins of an idealized athleticism; the worship of heroic entrepreneurs; patterns of love, marriage, and sexuality; and the roots of disdain for male homosexuality. The book also reveals how changing concepts of manhood helped to define the character of many important modern American institutions, from higher education to sports to politics. Here is a fascinating account of how our understanding of what it means to be a man has changed over time
    Language: English
    Subjects: American Studies , Ethnology , Sociology
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    Keywords: USA ; Mann ; Geschlechterrolle ; Geschichte 1800-1900
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  • 4
    UID:
    b3kat_BV007089478
    Format: IX,99 S.
    Series Statement: John Dewey Society lecture series. Nr. 11.
    Language: English
    Subjects: General works , Psychology , Sociology
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    Keywords: Wissenschaft ; Pädagogische Soziologie
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  • 5
    UID:
    b3kat_BV005431163
    Format: VIII, 376 S.
    Edition: 1. ed.
    ISBN: 0812919149
    Content: Our children are a nation at risk. Poverty, drug and alcohol abuse, poor health, illiteracy, racial prejudice, and the eruption of unprecedented levels of violence both in the inner cities and across the country give us ample reason to worry about the present state of our nation and society. Yet while today's problems carry severe consequences for ourselves, they are immeasurably graver for today's children. Though the risks to young Americans may never have been so great as they are today, at no other time in our history have we possessed so many of the tools essential for understanding what must be done and how to effect change. In Today's Children, David Hamburg, M.D., president of the Carnegie Corporation of New York and a nationally recognized authority on child development, provides a comprehensive overview of the crises our infants and adolescents face, and the decisions we must make to protect them
    Content: Today's Children is not a reactive prescription for treating only the symptoms of the failure to provide adequately for all our nation's young people. Instead, Dr. Hamburg isolates the causes, and looks at what is being done nationally to remedy our approach to child development. Beginning with an overview of the biological, social, and psychological heritage we all share as human beings, Dr. Hamburg explores the historical role of the family in child-raising. He analyzes how changes in the family structure and in social norms, including rising divorce rates, two-career families, teenage pregnancy, loneliness, dislocation, illiteracy, violence, and poor nutrition have resulted in what he calls an inadvertent tidal wave of child neglect. Dr. Hamburg's book surveys important recent research in child development, focusing on early childhood and early adolescence, the two most critical periods during which appropriate intervention can make a permanent difference in children's lives
    Content: It also looks closely at innovative programs which point in the most promising directions for improving young lives. Today's Children is, in the words of Jonas Salk, "a timely prophecy and a timely prescription that can start the healing process." Policymakers, social scientists, educators, and parents will find in Dr. Hamburg a wise and experienced spokesman for our children
    Language: English
    Subjects: Psychology , Sociology
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    Keywords: USA ; Erziehung ; USA ; Kind ; USA ; Eltern ; Kind ; Eltern ; Kind
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  • 6
    UID:
    gbv_07512257X
    Format: XI, 366 S. , 8°
    ISBN: 0393014843
    Language: English
    Subjects: Sociology
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    Keywords: Eltern ; Lebenslauf ; Familienplanung
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  • 7
    Book
    Book
    New York, NY : Oxford University Press
    UID:
    gbv_790983834
    Format: x, 362 Seiten , 18 cm
    ISBN: 9780199338870 , 9780190690274
    Content: "Why do "aha moments" strike us suddenly? Why do they so often come to us when we are focused on something completely unrelated? And when great ideas "come to" us, where do they come from? In Aha!: The Moments of Insight that Shape Our World, philosopher William B. Irvine explores these epiphanies, from the minor insights that strike us all daily, to the major realizations that alter the course of history. Focusing on aha moments as they take place in five different domains--religion, morality, science, math, and art--Irvine provides case studies that shed light on the different ways epiphanies happen in the different domains, and on their differing social impact. Along the way, he describes some of the great aha moments in history, from ancient times to the present day. We like to think that our greatest thoughts are the product of our conscious mind. Irvine demonstrates, though, that it is our unconscious mind that is the source of our most significant insights, and that the role the conscious mind plays in eliciting these insights is to try, unsuccessfully, to solve certain problems. Only if the conscious mind is willing to do this--and thereby experience considerable frustration--is the unconscious mind likely to reward it with a breakthrough insight--that the conscious mind will then take credit for. Irvine explores not only the neuroscience of aha moments but also their personal and social ramifications. How does a person respond to having a breakthrough insight that goes against a dominant paradigm? And how does the world respond when she shares that insight? He shows that in many cases, what is most remarkable about those who have had the great insights of human history is not their but their courage and perseverance in fighting for the world to accept them"--
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 339-349 , Machine generated contents note: Introduction -- Part I: Religion -- Chapter 1: Seeing the Light -- Chapter 2: Vision or Hallucination? -- Chapter 3: Other People's Visions -- Part 2: The Aha Moment in Morality -- Chapter 4: The Two Kinds of Moral Epiphany -- Chapter 5: Moral Feelings -- Chapter 6: The Problem with Moral Reformers -- Part 3: The Aha Moment in Science -- Chapter 7: The Joy of Discovery -- Chapter 8: Gaining Insights -- Chapter 9: Dealing with Rejection -- Part 4: The Aha Moment in Mathematics -- Chapter 10: Moments of Pure Insight -- Chapter 11: The Magic of Incubation -- Chapter 12: The After-Math -- Part 5: The Aha Moment in the Arts -- Chapter 13: Lots of Little Ahas -- Chapter 14: On Managing One's Muse -- Chapter 15: But Is It Art? -- Conclusion.
    Language: English
    Subjects: Philosophy
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    Keywords: Idee ; Kreativität ; Gedanke ; Erkenntnis ; Einsicht
    Author information: Irvine, William B. 1952-
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  • 8
    UID:
    gbv_1601485743
    Format: 254 Seiten , Tab. , 22 cm
    Edition: First edition
    ISBN: 9780393048360 , 0393048365
    Content: "Life-span Truth Will Set You Free from Age-old Worries," announced the Chicago Tribune upon the first publication of this book. The New England Journal of Medicine confirmed, "For readers interested in aging and longevity, this small book clearly explains the major concepts...extremely enjoyable to read." From NBC Nightly News with Tom Brokaw to Scientific American to the New York Times, S. Jay Olshansky and Bruce A. Carnes have stirred up controversy and brought clarity to an issue often muddled by exaggeration and pseudoscience. Medical science has uncovered a host of answers to the problems of aging, but many of the most exciting discoveries are buried in scientific journals or overshadowed by popular quick-fix treatments. The Quest for Immortality explains the real science of aging and shows which treatments offered by today's multi-billion-dollar anti-aging industries offer real hope, and which are a waste of money and time.
    Note: Includes index
    Language: English
    Subjects: Philosophy
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    Keywords: Langlebigkeit ; Altern
    Author information: Carnes, Bruce A. 1950-
    Author information: Olshansky, Stuart Jay 1954-
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  • 9
    UID:
    gbv_1685183549
    Format: xxxv, 284 Seiten
    Edition: First Simon & Schuster trade paperback edition
    ISBN: 9781501181795 , 9781501181818
    Content: "From Rebecca Traister, the New York Times bestselling author of All the Single Ladies--whom Anne Lamott called "the most brilliant voice on feminism in this country"--comes a vital, incisive exploration into the transformative power of female anger and its ability to transcend into a political movement. In the year 2018, it seems as if women's anger has suddenly erupted into the public conversation. But long before Pantsuit Nation, before the Women's March, and before the #MeToo movement, women's anger was not only politically catalytic--but politically problematic. The story of female fury and its cultural significance demonstrates the long history of bitter resentment that has enshrouded women's slow rise to political power in America, as well as the ways that anger is received when it comes from women as opposed to when it comes from men. With eloquence and fervor, Rebecca tracks the history of female anger as political fuel--from suffragettes chaining themselves to the White House to office workers vacating their buildings after Clarence Thomas was confirmed to the Supreme Court. Here Traister explores women's anger at both men and other women; anger between ideological allies and foes; the varied ways anger is perceived based on its owner; as well as the history of caricaturing and delegitimizing female anger; and the way women's collective fury has become transformative political fuel--as is most certainly occurring today. She deconstructs society's (and the media's) condemnation of female emotion (notably, rage) and the impact of their resulting repercussions. Highlighting a double standard perpetuated against women by all sexes, and its disastrous, stultifying effect, Traister's latest is timely and crucial. It offers a glimpse into the galvanizing force of women's collective anger, which, when harnessed, can change history"--
    Note: Illustrations on endpapers , Quellen- und Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 253-271. - Index: Seite 273-284
    Additional Edition: ISBN 9781501181801
    Language: English
    Subjects: Sociology
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    Keywords: USA ; Frauenbewegung ; Protestbewegung
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