UID:
almafu_9959243188802883
Format:
1 online resource (378 p.)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
1-282-15494-X
,
9786612154942
,
90-272-9282-5
Series Statement:
Studies in corpus linguistics, v. 26
Content:
Through electronic corpora we can observe patterns which we were unaware of before or only vaguely glimpsed. The availability of multilingual corpora has led to a renewal of contrastive studies. We gain new insight into similarities and differences between languages, at the same time as the characteristics of each language are brought into relief. The present book focuses on the work in building and using the English-Norwegian Parallel Corpus and the Oslo Multilingual Corpus. Case studies are reported on lexis, grammar, and discourse. A concluding chapter sums up problems and prospects of corpus-based contrastive studies, including applications in lexicography, translator training, and foreign-language teaching. Though the main focus is on English and Norwegian, the approach should be of interest more generally for corpus-based contrastive research and for language studies in general. Seeing through corpora we can see through language.
Note:
Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
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Seeing through Multilingual Corpora -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of abbreviations -- The case for corpora in contrastive studies -- 1.1. Seeing through corpora -- 1.2. Contrastive analysis -- 1.3. The problem of equivalence -- 1.4. Translation studies -- 1.5. A corpus-based approach -- 1.6. Translation corpora vs. comparable corpora -- 1.7. Correspondence vs. equivalence -- 1.8. Structure vs. use -- 1.9. Uses of multilingual corpora -- 1.10. A note on examples and references -- Building a multilingual corpus -- 2.1. Corpus models -- 2.1.1. Translation corpora -- 2.1.2. Comparable corpora -- 2.2. Building the English-Norwegian Parallel Corpus -- 2.2.1. The ENPC model -- 2.2.2. Text selection -- 2.2.3. Text encoding -- 2.2.4. Alignment -- 2.2.5. Tagging -- 2.2.6. Search tools -- 2.3. The Oslo Multilingual Corpus -- 2.4. A parallel translation corpus -- 2.5. A multiple translation corpus -- 2.6. The choice of a corpus model -- Using multilingual corpora -- 3.1. Translation paradigms -- 3.2. Divergent correspondences -- 3.3. Zero correspondence -- 3.4. Mutual correspondence -- 3.5. Semantic reflections -- 3.6. Parallel translations -- 3.7. Translation effects -- 3.8. Combining comparable and translation corpora -- 3.9. Contrasting lexis -- 3.10. Contrasting syntax and discourse -- 3.11. Research questions -- 3.12. Linguistic interpretation -- Contrasting nouns -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Times of the day -- 4.2.1. English noon -- 4.2.2. Norwegian formiddag and ettermiddag -- 4.2.3. English night -- 4.2.4. Norwegian døgn -- 4.2.5. Summing up: Times of the day in translation -- 4.3. What do you have in mind? -- 4.3.1. Correspondences of mind -- 4.3.2. Summing up: Mind in a cross-linguistic perspective -- 4.4. What is a person?.
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4.4.1. English correspondences of menneske -- 4.4.2. Person in English vs. Norwegian -- 4.4.3. Menneske vs. person -- 4.4.4. Summing up: Person in a cross-linguistic perspective -- 4.5. What is a thing? -- 4.5.1. Congruent correspondences -- 4.5.2. Divergent correspondences -- 4.5.3. Summing up: Thing in a cross-linguistic perspective -- 4.6. Is that a fact? -- 4.6.1. The fact + that-clause -- 4.6.2. In fact -- 4.6.3. Summing up: Fact in a cross-linguistic perspective -- 4.7. Summing up: Contrasting nouns -- Loving and hating in English and Norwegian -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Overall distribution -- 5.3. Overall translation patterns -- 5.4. Translations of E hate -- 5.4.1. Complement clauses -- 5.4.2. Other non-personal objects -- 5.4.3. Personal objects -- 5.5. Translations of E love -- 5.5.1. Complement clauses -- 5.5.2. Other non-personal objects -- 5.5.3. Personal objects -- 5.6. Summing up: Loving and hating in cross-linguistic perspective -- Translations of love -- Translations of hate -- Spending time in English, Norwegian, and German -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Overview of results -- 6.3. Congruent translations -- 6.4. Restructuring -- 6.5. Distribution in original and translated texts -- 6.6. A note on sources of spend -- 6.7. Summing up: Spend a cross-linguistic perspective -- The English verb seem and its correspondences in Norwegian -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Some characteristics of seem -- 7.3. Material: Overall distribution -- 7.4. Overview of correspondences -- 7.5. Types of divergent correspondences -- 7.6. A closer look at some types of correspondences -- 7.6.1. Lexical verbs and their patterns -- 7.6.2. Modal particles -- 7.6.3. Zero correspondence -- 7.7. Conclusion -- Some aspects of usuality in English and Norwegian* -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Material and method.
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8.3. The det+hende construction and its correspondences in English -- 8.3.1. Frequency adverbial -- 8.3.2. Frequency adverbial + modal auxiliary -- 8.3.3. Modal auxiliary -- 8.3.4. Lexical verb -- 8.3.5. Other correspondences -- 8.3.6. The det+hende construction: Summing up -- 8.3.7. A note on det+hende constructions expanded by modal auxiliaries -- 8.4. The it+happen construction and its correspondences in Norwegian -- 8.5. Uses of the it+happen construction -- 8.6. Interpretation -- 8.6.1. Contrasting English and Norwegian -- 8.6.2. The function of hende/happen constructions -- 8.7. Conclusion -- In search of the missing not -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Overall frequencies of ikke and not -- 9.3. English correspondences of Norwegian ikke -- 9.3.1. No-negation -- 9.3.2. Affixal negation -- 9.3.3. Other correspondences -- 9.4. Norwegian correspondences of English not -- 9.4.1. Synthetic negation -- 9.4.2. Affixal negation -- 9.4.3. Other correspondences -- 9.5. Why not not? -- The generic person in English, German, and Norwegian -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Material and method -- 10.3. Overview -- 10.3.1. Syntax -- 10.3.2. Overall distribution: English one, German and Norwegian man -- 10.4. English one and its correspondences in German and Norwegian -- 10.5. English sources of Norwegian man -- 10.6. English sources of German man -- 10.7. Norwegian parallels to German man -- 10.8. Summing up the differences -- 10.9. German man + sehen -- 10.9.1. Generic senser subject -- 10.9.2. Specific senser subject -- 10.9.3. Phenomenon as subject -- 10.9.4. Dummy subject -- 10.9.5. No subject -- 10.9.6. Nominal -- 10.9.7. No perception process -- 10.9.8. Correspondences of man in combination with hören -- 10.9.9. German man + sehen: Discussion -- 10.10. A comparison with Swedish -- Why change the subject? -- 11.1. Aim -- 11.2. The multiple-translation project.
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11.3. Research questions -- 11.4. Characteristics of the subject -- 11.5. Overview of findings -- 11.6. What sorts of subjects are replaced? -- 11.7. Where do the new subjects come from? -- 11.8. Discussion of changes -- 11.8.1. Changes triggered by lexis -- 11.8.2. Nominalizations in subject position -- 11.8.3. Insertion of dummy det -- 11.8.4. Changes in voice -- 11.8.5. Subject selection and cohesion -- 11.9. Individual variation -- 11.10. Concluding remarks -- Appendix: English original texts -- Sentence openings in English and Norwegian -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. Some recent corpus-based work on sentence openings -- 12.2.1. Hasselgård's studies of thematic choice -- 12.2.2. Altenberg's work on competition for first position -- 12.2.3. Translation effects -- 12.3. Sentence openings: The multiple-translation project -- 12.3.1. Simple onsets -- 12.3.2. Multiple onsets -- 12.3.3. Preservation of initial elements in spite of syntactic restructuring -- 12.4. Sentence openings: Summing up -- 12.5. Presentative constructions -- 12.6. Clefting -- 12.6.1. Clefting in English and Norwegian -- 12.6.2. Clefting in English and Swedish -- 12.7. The that's what construction -- 12.7.1. Material -- 12.7.2. Correspondence relations -- 12.7.3. German and Norwegian translations -- 12.7.4. Sources and parallels -- 12.7.5. The that's what construction: Summing up -- 12.8. Initial det in Norwegian and its correspondences in English -- 12.8.1. The dummy subject det -- 12.8.2. Non-subject det in initial position -- 12.9. Summing up -- The semantics and pragmatics of the Norwegian concessive marker likevel -- 13.1. Introduction -- 13.2. Overview of the distribution of likevel -- 13.3. Correspondences and position -- 13.4. Discussion of correspondences -- 13.4.1. Local links -- 13.4.2. After all and likevel -- 13.4.3. Anyway: A universal concessive marker.
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13.4.4. Contrastive correspondences -- 13.4.5. Zero correspondence -- 13.5. A comparison of translations and sources of likevel -- 13.6. Conclusion -- How well can well be translated? -- 14.1. Introduction -- 14.2. Material and method -- 14.3. Well and its Norwegian correspondences -- 14.3.1. The discourse particle vel -- 14.3.2. The discourse particles nå and tja -- 14.3.3. The response particles ja and nei -- 14.3.4. Zero correspondence -- 14.3.5. Other correspondences -- 14.4. Some aspects of Norwegian and German correspondences -- 14.4.1. Zero correspondence -- 14.4.2. Individual variation -- 14.5. How well can well be translated? -- Problems and prospects -- 15.1. The status of multilingual corpus research -- 15.2. Corpus building -- 15.3. Analysis -- 15.4. Feedback to theory -- 15.5. Applications -- 15.5.1. Lexicography -- 15.5.2. Translator training -- 15.5.3. Foreign-language teaching -- 15.6. Future directions -- References -- Appendix -- A. The English-Norwegian Parallel Corpus: Fiction texts -- B. The English-Norwegian Parallel Corpus: Non-fiction texts -- C. The Oslo Multilingual Corpus: English-German-Norwegian texts (English originals) -- D. The Oslo Multilingual Corpus: German-English-Norwegian texts (German originals) -- E. The Oslo Multilingual Corpus: Norwegian-English-German texts (Norwegian originals) -- F. The Oslo Multilingual Corpus: Norwegian-English-German-French texts (Norwegian originals) -- Author index -- Subject index -- The series Studies in Corpus Linguistics.
,
English
Additional Edition:
ISBN 90-272-2300-9
Language:
English
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