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Format: 1 online resource (487 pages)

ISBN: 9783319254746

Series Statement: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Ser. ; v.894

Note: Intro -- Preface -- This edition of the ISH was supported by -- Previous ISH Meetings and Books -- Contents -- Contributors -- Effects of Age and Hearing Loss on the Processing of Auditory Temporal Fine Structure -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Effects of Age -- 2.1 Monaural Processing of TFS -- 2.2 Monaural Processing of ENV -- 2.3 Binaural Processing of TFS -- 2.4 Binaural Processing of ENV -- 3 Effects of Cochlear Hearing Loss -- 3.1 Monaural Processing of TFS -- 3.2 Monaural Processing of ENV -- 3.3 Binaural Processing of TFS -- 3.4 Binaural Processing of ENV -- 4 Summary and Implications -- References -- Aging Effects on Behavioural Estimates of Suppression with Short Suppressors -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Stimuli -- 2.3 Procedure -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Experiment 1 -- 3.2 Experiment 2 -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Contributions of Coding Efficiency of Temporal-Structure and Level Information to Lateralization Performance in Young and Early-Elderly Listeners -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Listeners -- 2.2 Stimuli -- 2.3 Procedures -- 2.3.1 General Procedure -- 2.3.2 Task Specific Procedures -- 2.4 Data Analyses -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Investigating the Role of Working Memory in Speech-in-noise Identification for Listeners with Normal Hearing -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Survey -- 3 Analysis of Cohort Data for Audiometrically Normal-Hearing Participants -- 3.1 Method -- 3.2 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- The Contribution of Auditory and Cognitive Factors to Intelligibility of Words and Sentences in Noise -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Listeners -- 2.2 Tasks -- 2.2.1 Speech Tasks -- 2.2.2 Auditory Task -- 2.2.3 Cognitive Tasks -- 2.3 Procedure -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Do Hearing Aids Improve Affect Perception? -- 1 Introduction. , 2 Experimental Set-up -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Task and Procedure -- 2.3 Acoustic Parameters -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Aided Versus Unaided Listening -- 3.2 Aided Listening Versus Normal-Hearing Controls -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Suitability of the Binaural Interaction Component for Interaural Electrode Pairing of Bilateral Cochlear Implants -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Binaural Loudness Constancy -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Stimuli -- 2.2 Procedure -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Methods -- 6 Results -- 7 Discussion -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- Intelligibility for Binaural Speech with Discarded Low-SNR Speech Components -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Stimuli -- 2.2 Target Signal Manipulation -- 2.3 Procedure -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- On the Contribution of Target Audibility to Performance in Spatialized Speech Mixtures -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Part 1 -- 2.1 Motivation -- 2.2 Methods -- 2.3 Results -- 3 Part 2 -- 3.1 Motivation -- 3.2 Methods -- 3.3 Results -- 4 Part 3 -- 4.1 Motivation -- 4.2 Methods -- 4.3 Results -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Optimization of a Spectral Contrast Enhancement Algorithm for Cochlear Implants Based on a Vowel -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 The Signal Processing Method: SCE in NofM Strategies for CIs -- 2.2 Hardware Implementation -- 2.3 Experiments in Cochlear Implant Users -- 2.3.1 Participants -- 2.3.2 Spectral Modulation Threshold -- 2.3.3 Vowel Identification Task -- 2.3.4 The standard Multidimensional Phoneme Identification Model -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Results from the MPI model -- 3.2 Results Vowel Identification in CI users -- 3.3 Results Spectral Modulation Threshold in CI users -- 3.4 Correlation Between Spectral Modulation Threshold and Vowel Identification -- 4 Discussion -- References. , Roles of the Contralateral Efferent Reflex in Hearing Demonstrated with Cochlear Implants -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 A Bilateral CI Sound Processor Inspired by the Contralateral MOCR -- 2.2 Evaluation -- 3 Results -- 3.1 The MOC Processor Enhances Within-channel Inter-aural Level Differences -- 3.2 The MOC Processor Enhances the Spatial Segregation of Simultaneous Sounds -- 4 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Deactivating Cochlear Implant Electrodes Based on Pitch Information for Users of the ACE Strategy -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Ethics Approval -- 2.2 Participants -- 2.3 Study Design -- 2.4 Equipment -- 2.5 Test Materials -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Speech Masking in Normal and Impaired Hearing: Interactions Between Frequency Selectivity and Inherent Temporal Fluctuations in Noise -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Listeners -- 2.2 Stimuli -- 2.3 Procedure -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Effects of Pulse Shape and Polarity on Sensitivity to Cochlear Implant Stimulation: A Chronic Study in Guinea Pigs -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Animal Preparation -- 2.2 Stimuli -- 2.3 Sessions -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Morphology and Response Amplitude of the IC Evoked Potential -- 3.2 Effect of Polarity as a Function of Time -- 3.3 Effect of Pulse Shape -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Assessing the Firing Properties of the Electrically Stimulated Auditory Nerve Using a Convolution Model -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Mathematical Model of the Compound Action Potential -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 eCAP Recording System -- 2.2 eCAP Data Sets -- 2.2.1 Guinea Pig -- 2.2.2 Human -- 2.3 Deconvolution of the eCAP -- 2.4 Parametrisation of the CDLD -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Guinea Pig Deafness Model eCAPs -- 3.2 Human Clinical eCAPs -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Comparing Deconvolution Results from Guinea Pigs and Humans. , 4.2 Choice of UR Waveform -- 4.3 Parametrisation of the CDLD -- 4.4 Interpretation of CDLD Parameters -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Modeling the Individual Variability of Loudness Perception with a Multi-Category Psychometric Function -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Multi-Category Psychometric Function -- 2.2 Parameterization -- 2.3 A Representative Catalog -- 2.4 Maximum-Likelihood Estimation -- 2.5 Experiment -- 2.5.1 Participants -- 2.5.2 Stimuli -- 2.5.3 Fixed-Level Procedure -- 2.5.4 ISO Procedure for Testing ML Estimation -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Individual Listener MCPFs -- 3.2 Construction of the MCPF Catalog -- 3.3 Application to ML estimation -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Auditory fMRI of Sound Intensity and Loudness for Unilateral Stimulation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Participants and Procedure -- 2.2 Stimuli -- 2.3 MRI Data Acquisition -- 2.4 Psychoacoustic Evaluation -- 2.5 MRI Data Analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Categorical Loudness Scaling -- 3.2 Region-of-Interest Analysis -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Response Characteristics in Relation to Sound Intensity -- 4.2 Interrelation With the Ear of Entry -- 4.3 Transformation of Sound Intensity into Perceived Loudness -- 4.4 Conclusion -- References -- Tinnitus- and Task-Related Differences in Resting-State Networks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Imaging Paradigm -- 2.3 Stimuli -- 2.4 Preprocessing -- 2.5 Group Analysis -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- The Role of Conduction Delay in Creating Sensitivity to Interaural Time Differences -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Measuring latency with Click Delays -- 3.2 Latencies of Adjacent Recordings Can Vary by Multiples of 2π -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Objective Measures of Neural Processing of Interaural Time Differences -- 1 Introduction. , 1.1 Advantages of Binaural Listening -- 1.2 Objective Measures of Binaural Hearing -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Sensitivity to IPDs Conveyed in the Temporal Fine Structure of Low-Frequency Sounds -- 3.2 Sensitivity to IPDs Conveyed in the Temporal Envelope of High-Frequency Sounds -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Minimum Audible Angles Measured with Simulated Normally-Sized and Oversized Pinnas for Normal-Hearing and Hearing-Impaired Test Subjects -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Main Research Question -- 2 Method and Material -- 2.1 Pinna Cues -- 2.2 Test Subjects -- 2.3 Psychoacoustic Experiment -- 2.4 Set-Up -- 2.5 Stimuli -- 2.6 Test Protocol -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Data Inspection and Removal -- 3.2 Raw Data and Descriptive Statistics -- 3.3 Training Effects and Test-Retest Variability (Reliability) -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Research Question -- 4.2 Stimuli Level Differences-A Potential Discrimination Cue? -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Moving Objects in the Barn Owl's Auditory World -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Effects of Stimulus Velocity, Size of the Angular Range, and Stimulus Duration on Auditory Motion Discrimination -- 3.2 Effects of Stimulus Position on Auditory Motion Discrimination -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Change Detection in Auditory Textures -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Experimental Setup -- 2.3 Stimulus Design -- 2.4 Procedure -- 2.5 Data Analysis -- 2.5.1 Hit Rate and Reaction Times -- 2.5.2 d' Analysis -- 2.5.3 Hit rate Dynamics -- 2.6 Statistical Analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Detection of Changes in Statistics is Consistent with Integration -- 3.2 Reaction Times are Consistent with Integration -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Dynamic Representation of Spectral Statistics -- 4.2 Future Directions -- References. , The Relative Contributions of Temporal Envelope and Fine Structure in Mandarin Lexical Tone Perception in Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder.

Additional Edition: Print version: van Dijk, Pim Physiology, Psychoacoustics and Cognition in Normal and Impaired Hearing Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2016 ISBN 9783319254722

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Format: XVI, 601 p. 140 illus. , online resource.

ISBN: 9783642405853

Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 8082

Content: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Text, Speech and Dialogue, TSD 2013, held in Pilsen, Czech Republic, in September 2013. The 65 papers presented together with 5 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 148 submissions. The main topics of this year's conference was corpora, texts and transcription, speech analysis, recognition and synthesis, and their intertwining within NL dialogue systems. The topics also included speech recognition, corpora and language resources, speech and spoken language generation, tagging, classification and parsing of text and speech, semantic processing of text and speech, integrating applications of text and speech processing, as well as automatic dialogue systems, and multimodal techniques and modelling.

Note: Invited Talks -- Corpora of the Russian Language -- Long, Deep and Wide Artificial Neural Nets for Dealing with Unexpected Noise in Machine Recognition of Speech -- Multilingual Media Monitoring and Text Analysis – Challenges for Highly Inflected Languages -- Spoken Dialogs with Children for Science Learning and Literacy -- Statecharts and SCXML for Dialogue Management -- Conference Papers -- A Comparison of Deep Neural Network Training Methods for Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition -- A Comparison of Two Approaches to Bilingual HMM-based Speech Synthesis -- A Direct Criterion Minimization Based fMLLR via Gradient Descend -- A Machine Learning Based Approach for Vocabulary Selection for Speech Transcription -- A New State-Of-The-Art Czech Named Entity Recognizer -- Algorithms for Dysfluency Detection in Symbolic Sequences Using Suffix Arrays -- Analysis and Combination of Forward and Backward Based Decoders for Improved Speech Transcription -- Annotating Signs of Syntactic Complexity to Support Sentence Simplification -- Application of LSTM Neural Networks in Language Modelling -- Automatic Laughter Detection in Spontaneous Speech Using GMM–SVM Method -- Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation with Part-of-Speech Information -- Automatic Extraction of Polish Language Errors from Text Edition History -- Bilingual Voice Conversion by Weighted Frequency Warping Based on Formant Space -- Building a Hybrid: Chatterbot – Dialog System -- CRF-based Czech Named Entity Recognizer and Consolidation of Czech NER Research -- Comparison and Analysis of Several Phonetic Decoding Approaches -- Concatenation Artifact Detection Trained from Listeners Evaluations -- Configuring TTS Evaluation Method Based on Unit Cost Outlier Detection -- Development and Evaluation of Spoken Dialog Systems with One or Two Agents Through Two Domains -- Distant Supervision Learning of DBPedia Relations -- Downdating Lexicon and Language Model for Automatic Transcription of Czech Historical Spoken Documents -- Dynamic Threshold Selection Method for Multi-label Newspaper Topic Identification -- Efficiency of Multi-tap Text Entry Method on Interactive Television -- English Nominal Compound Detection with Wikipedia-Based Methods -- Evaluating Voice Quality and Speech Synthesis Using Crowdsourcing -- Experiment with Evaluation of Quality of the Synthetic Speech by the GMM Classifier -- Experiments on Reducing Footprint of Unit Selection TTS System -- Expressive Speech Synthesis for Urgent Warning Messages Generation in Romani and Slovak -- Extracting Relations Between Arabic Named Entities -- Foot Detection in Czech Using Pitch Information and HMM -- Improved Hungarian Morphological Disambiguation with Tagger Combination -- Improving Dependency Parsing by Filtering Linguistic Noise -- Improving Speech Recognition by Detecting Foreign Inclusions and Generating Pronunciations -- Intensifying verb prefix patterns in Czech and Russian -- K-component Adaptive Recurrent Neural Network Language Models -- LIUM ASR System for ETAPE French Evaluation Campaign: Experiments on System Combination Using Open-source Recognizers -- Lexical Stress-based Morphological Decomposition and Its Application for Ukrainian Speech Recognition -- Motion Event in Croatian, English, German and Italian Concerning Path Prefixes and Prepositions -- Multi-label Document Classification in Czech -- On Behaviour of PLDA Models in the Task of Speaker Recognition -- On the Quantitative and Qualitative Speech Changes of the Czech Radio Broadcasts News within Years 1969-2005 -- On the Use of Phoneme Lattices in Spoken Language Understanding -- Online Speaker Adaptation of an Acoustic Model Using Face Recognition -- Ontology of Rhetorical Figures for Serbian -- Phoneme Set and Pronouncing Dictionary Creation for Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition of Vietnamese -- Phonetic Spoken Term Detection in Large Audio Archive Using the WFST Framework -- Ranking Machine Translation Systems via Post-Editing -- Recursive Part-of-Speech Tagging Using Word Structures -- Resolving Ambiguities in Sentence Boundary Detection in Russian Spontaneous Speech -- Revealing Prevailing Semantic Contents of Clusters Generated from Untagged Freely Written Text Documents in Natural Languages -- Robust Methodology for TTS Enhancement Evaluation -- Romanian Syllabication Using Machine Learning -- SVM-Based Detection of Misannotated Words in Read Speech Corpora -- Scratching the Surface of Possible Translations -- Selecting and Weighting N-Grams to Identify 1100 Languages -- Semantic Spaces for Sentiment Analysis -- Semi-automatic Verb Valence Frame Assignment Through VerbNet Classification -- Speaker-specific Pronunciation for Speech Synthesis -- Structuring a Multimedia Tri-dialectal Dictionary -- Stylistic Changes for Temporal Text Classification -- SummEC: A Summarization Engine for Czech -- Text-to-Speech Alignment for Imperfect Transcriptions -- The CNG Corpus of European Portuguese Children’s Speech -- The Joint Optimization of Spectro-Temporal Features and Neural Net Classifiers -- Three Syntactic Formalisms for Data-Driven Dependency Parsing of Croatian -- Topic Models for Comparative Summarization -- Using Low-Cost Annotation to Train a Reliable Czech Shallow Parser -- Verb Subcategorisation Acquisition for Estonian Based on Morphological Information -- Whispered Speech Database: Design, Processing and Application.

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Subjects: Computer Science

Keywords: Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-40585-3

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40585-3

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Format: 294 S , graph. Darst

Edition: authorized facs

Note: New York, Univ., Diss., 1983

Language: English

Keywords: Hochschulschrift

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Format: 179 S.

Language: English

Subjects: Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures

Keywords: Wortbildung ; Lexikografie ; Wortbildung ; Generative Transformationsgrammatik

UID:

Format: III, 179 S.

Series Statement: Linguistics Club 〈Bloomington, Ind.〉: IU Linguistics Club 290.

Note: Zählung in Gesamttitel u. Signatur fingiert

Language: English

Subjects: Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures

Keywords: Wortbildung ; Generative Transformationsgrammatik ; Wortbildung ; Lexikografie

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Format: 1 online resource (304 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 1-283-31239-5 , 9786613312396 , 90-272-7591-2

Series Statement: Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science. Series IV, Current issues in linguistic theory, v. 153

Content: The papers in this volume are a selection of papers presented at the 10th Annual Symposium on Arabic Linguistics (Salt Lake City, 1-3 March 1996). The contributions are:Remarks on Focus in Standard Arabic: Jamal Ouhalla;Definiteness Realization and Function in Palestinian Arabic: Dina Belyayeva; Case Properties of Nominalization Dps in Classical Arabic: Arthur Stepanov; Underspecification of Lexical Entries for Arabic Verbs: Mark S. LeTourneau; Plural Formation in Arabic: Ali Idrissi; Prosodic Templates in a Word-Based Morphological Analysis of Ar

Note: PERSPECTIVES ON ARABIC LINGUISTICS X PAPERS FROM THE TENTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM ON ARABIC LINGUISTICS; Editorial page; Title page; Copyright page; Table of contents; FOREWORD; INTRODUCTION; REFERENCES; I. DISCOURSE AND SYNTACTIC PERSPECTIVES; REMARKS ON FOCUS IN STANDARD ARABIC; 1. Introduction; 2. Foci versus Topics; 3. The Grammatical Basis of Focus; 4. Sentence-focus and Focus Markers; 5. Interrogative Focus; 6. Negative Focus; 7. A Note on Verb Focus; 8. Conclusion; REFERENCES; DEFINITENESS REALIZATION AND FUNCTION IN PALESTINIAN ARABIC; 1. Introduction; 1.1 Overview , 1.2 Theoretical assumptions 2. Methodology; 3. Definiteness Realization; 4. Definiteness Function; 4.1 Word order and definiteness; 4.2 Clause Combining: Grounding and transitivity; 4.3 The Givenness Hierarchy; 5. Conclusion; REFERENCES; CASE PROPERTIES OF NOMINALIZATION DPS IN CLASSICAL ARABIC; 1. Introduction; 2. Construct State and the Verbal Argument Structure; 2.1 Construct State; 2.2 Fassi Fehri (1993); 3. Merger, Case-Checking Options and Parallel Derivation; 3.1 Merger of the verbal and noun features; 3.2 Agreement and Case-checking; 3.2.1 Agr=Agr0; 3.2.2 Agr=Agrs , 3.2.3. Agr=Agr0 + Agrs 3.2.4 Hookup and occurrence frequency: A correlation?; 3.2.5 Summary; 4. Conclusion; REFERENCES; II. MORPHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES; UNDERSPECIFICATION OF LEXICAL ENTRIES FOR ARABIC VERBS; 0. Introduction; 1. Theoretical Assumptions; 1.1 Predicate-argument structure of verbs; 1.1.1 Predicate-argument structure formation; 1.1.2 PAS vs. prominence hierarchies; 1.1.3 Does PAS have independent motivation?; 1.2 Syntactic assumptions; 2. Consequences of Minimalism for Lexical Structure; 2.1 The inadmissability of stems as lexical entries; 2.2 Lexemes as lexical entries for verbs , 3. Grammatical Consequences of Lexical Underspecification 3.1 Features and morphological operations; 3.1.1 Theorem 1: Derivation precedes inflection; 3.1.2 Theorem 2: Derivation is postsyntactic; 3.2 Morphosyntactic representation in Arabic; 4. Conclusion; REFERENCES; PLURAL FORMATION IN ARABIC; 1. Introduction; 2. Previous Analyses; 3. A New CV Theory; 4. Plural Formation; 4.1 Regular plurals; 4.2. Irregular plurals; 4.3. Sound plurals; 5. Some Consequences of the Analysis; 6. Conclusion; REFERENCES; PROSODIC TEMPLATES IN A WORD-BASED MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF ARABIC , 1. Problems with The Root and Template Analysis 1.1 Prosodic circumscription, mapping, moraic affixation; 2. Root-Based vs. Word-Based Lexicon; 3. Moraic Affixation vs. Mapping; 3.1 Where either analysis works: The 'core' internal morphology; 3.2 Where template mapping is invoked: The minority stems; 3.2.1 Spreading rules; 3.3 The non-core morphology: Moraic affixation without iambicity; 3.4 Affixation and template mapping in competition: 'Broken' plurals; 4. Conclusion; REFERENCES; THE SUPPLETIVE IMPERATIVE OF ARABIC ""COME""; 1. Introduction; 2. Semitic Comparanda; 2.1 Arabic ti; 2.2 Ethiopie na , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 90-272-3658-5

Language: English

UID:

Format: viii, 348 p. : , ill.

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 1-283-31369-3 , 9786613313690 , 90-272-7852-0

Series Statement: Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science. Series IV, Current issues in linguistic theory, v. 61

Note: Selected proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Linguistics Symposium held Apr. 10-11, 1987. , LINGUISTIC CATEGORIZATION -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- PREFACE -- INTRODUCTION LINGUISTIC AND NON-LINGUISTIC CATEGORIZATION: STRUCTURE AND PROCESS -- 1. The importance of categorization -- 2. Categorization as structure: The nature of cognitive and linguistic categories -- 2.1 Prototype effects in cognition -- 2.2 Prototype effects in language -- 3. Processes operating in categorization -- 3.1 Use of Production Systems -- 3.2 Parallel Distributed Processing -- 4. Language specific categorization -- 5. Summary and conclusions -- Note -- References -- I. PROTOTYPE EFFECTS IN LANGUAGE -- A LEXICAL MODEL OF COLOR SPACE -- 1. The testing -- 1.1 Four unlabelled categories -- 1.2 Red-green-yellow-blue -- 1.3 Red-purple-yellow-blue -- 1.4 Red-orange-yellow-blue -- 1.5 Three unlabelled categories -- 1.6 Red-yellow-blue -- 1.7 Red-green-blue (no yellow) -- 1.8 Red-yellow-green (no blue) -- 1.9 Green-Yellow-Blue (no Red) -- 1.10 Orange-yellow-blue -- 1.11 Red-orange-blue -- 1.12 Red-yellow-orange -- 1.13 Purple-yellow-blue -- 1.14 Red-yellow-purple -- 1.15 Red-purple-blue -- 2. A new model -- 3. Maximal perceptual distance -- Note -- References -- PRELIMINARIES TO A THEORY OF PHONOLOGICAL SUBSTANCE: THE SUBSTANCE OF SONORITY. -- 1. General introduction -- 1.1 Sonority, syllables and other notions -- 1.2 History -- 1.3 The difficulty in defining sonority -- 1.4 Sonority as a prototype category -- 2. Fundamental properties of sonority -- 2.1 Vocalicity/Svara -- 2.2 Voicing -- 2.3 Loudness -- 2.4 Prolongability -- 2.5 Openness -- 3. On the nature of margins - 'antisonority' -- 3.1 The sonority 'slope' -- 3.2 Consonantality -- 3.3 Closure -- 3.4 Silence and hiss -- 4. Sonority and prototypicality -- 5. Individual language analyses -- 5.1 The nature of Greek and Latin onsets -- 5.2 Vowel systems -- 6. Conclusions. , Notes -- References -- CATEGORIZING PHONOLOGICAL SEGMENTS: THE INADEQUACY OF THE SONORITY HIERARCHY -- Notes -- References -- EXPERIMENTALEVIDENCE FOR SYLLABLE-INTERNAL STRUCTURE -- Notes -- References -- PHONOLOGICAL CATEGORIES AND CONSTITUENTS -- References -- ARE THEMATIC RELATIONS DISCRETE? -- 1. Derived nominals -- 1.1 English two-argument nominals -- 1.2 Single argument transitive nominals -- 1.3 Polish derived nominals -- 2. Polish reflexive verbs -- 3. Polish impersonal constructions -- 4. Binding of anaphors in experiential constructions -- 5. Feature based thematic system -- 5.1 The choice of features -- 5.2 Action vs. emotion -- Notes -- References -- CATEGORY RESTRICTIONS IN MARKEDNESS RELATIONS -- Introduction -- 1. Markedness principles and categorial uniformity -- 1.1 Markedness-distribution principle -- 1.2 Hypothesis of differential communicative value -- 1.3 Markedness constraint -- 1.4 Markedness and language acquisition -- 2. Categorial minimality -- 3. Formal and functional minimality -- Notes -- References -- THE ACQUISITION OF THE PAST PARTICIPLE: DISCOURSE-BASED VS. FORM-BASED CATEGORIES -- 1. Methods -- 2. Results -- 3. Discussion -- Notes -- References -- II. CATEGORIZATION PROCESSES -- CATEGORY LEARNING IN A CONNECTIONIST MODEL: LEARNING TO DECLINE THEGERMAN DEFINITE ARTICLE -- 1. Cue learning and cue competition -- 2. Paradigm formation -- 3. Learning in a connectionist architecture -- 4. Simulation I -- 4.1 The training set -- 5. Results for training set items in Simulation I -- 5. Results for training set items in Simulation I -- 5.1 Generalizing the paradigm to old nouns in new contexts -- 5.2 Generalizing the paradigm to new nouns -- 5.3 Comparison to the developmental literature -- 6. Simulation II -- 6.1 Basic results -- 6.2 The impact of cue validity on internal representations. , 6.3 The impact of cue validity on new words -- 7. Discussion -- 7.1 Rules vs. networks -- 7.2 The model and the developmental data -- 7.3 The role of lexical items -- 7.4 Directions for future research -- Acknowledgement -- Notes -- References -- COMPETITION AND LEXICAL CATEGORIZATION -- 1. Word meaning -- 1.1 Competition between meanings -- 1.2 Competition and cooperation -- 1.3 Locative prepositions - an example -- 1.4 Semantic range and change -- 1.5 Non-semantic cues -- 2. The development of word meaning -- 2.1 Concept formation -- 2.2 Episodic encoding -- 2.3 Segmentation -- 2.4 Cue extraction -- 2.5 Acquiring superordinates -- 3. Polysemy and homonymy -- 3.1 Polysemic topography -- 3.2 Syntactic polysemy -- 3.3 Resolving non-syntactic polysemy -- 3.4 Anaphora as polysemy -- 4. Pushy polysemy -- 4.1 Pushing occurs over valence bridges -- 4.2 Reciprocality -- 4.3 Extension and conversion -- 4.4 Extensional pathways and PDP -- 5. Grammatical entanglement -- 5.1 An example from Hungarian -- 5.2 Extension and reinterpretation -- 6. Summary -- References -- III. CROSS-LINGUISTIC CATEGORIZATION -- A DISCOURSE APPROACH TO THE CROSS-LINGUISTIC CATEGORY 'ADJECTIVE -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Dixon's survey -- 3. Time stability -- 4. A discourse explanation -- 5. Conclusions -- Appendix Criteria for determining noun-like or verb-like tendencies for property concept words -- Notes -- References -- PRONOMINALITY: A NOUN-PRONOUN CONTINUUM -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Lexical entries -- 3. Morphological properties -- 4. Semantic properties -- 5. Implicational properties -- 6. Referential properties -- 6.1 Grammatical persons -- 6.2 Grammatical number -- 7. Syntactic properties -- 7.1 Case positions -- 7.2 Co-occurrence properties -- 8. Interpretive conditions -- 9. Summary -- Notes -- References -- ON HUMBOLDT ON THE DUAL -- 1. Humboldt's gift -- 2. Extensions. , 3. Notions -- 4. Conceptions -- 5. Dual motivation -- 6. Humboldťs dilemma -- Notes -- References -- AUTHOR INDEX -- LANGUAGE INDEX -- SUBJECT INDEX. , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 90-272-3558-9

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (474 p.)

ISBN: 0-19-166952-0 , 1-299-92583-9

Series Statement: Oxford Linguistics Lexical relatedness

Content: Current approaches to morphology, Andrew Spencer argues, are flawed. He uses intermediate types of lexical relatedness in different languages to develop a morphologically-informed model of the lexical entry. He uses this to build a model of lexical relatedness consistent with paradigm-based models. This is a book for all morphologists and lexicographers.

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Cover; Contents; Acknowledgements; List of figures; List of tables; List of abbreviations; 1 Introduction: words and paradigms; 1.1 Morphemes and lexemes; 1.2 Words and paradigms; 1.2.1 Lexical relatedness; 1.2.2 Paradigms; 1.3 Overview of the book; 1.4 A note on formalization; Part I. Lexemes, lexical entries, and lexical relatedness; 2 The lexical entry; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 What is a lexeme?; 2.3 Semantics and syntax; 2.4 Lexemes and the inflection/derivation distinction; 2.5 Non-standard types of lexical representation; 3 Lexical relatedness; 3.1 Types of lexical relatedness , 3.2 Canonical inflection vs canonical derivation3.3 Transpositions; 3.4 Meaning and inflection; 3.5 Argument-structure operations; 3.6 Meaningless derivation; 3.7 Evaluative morphology: diminutives and augmentatives; 3.8 Paradigmatically mixed lexical categories; 3.9 Syntagmatic reflexes of mixed categories; 3.10 The nature of lexical relatedness; 3.11 Implications of types of lexical relatedness; Part II. Paradigmatic organization and the lexicon; 4 Paradigm Function Morphology; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Brief overview of PFM; 4.3 Affix ordering; 4.4 Rules of referral , 4.5 Allomorphy in PFM: morphological metageneralizations4.6 Stems in PFM; 4.7 Derivational morphology in PFM; 4.8 Head marking and the Head-Application Principle; 4.9 Appendix: revised notational conventions for Paradigm Function Morphology; 5 Lexical entries and the generalized paradigm function; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Shared information in lexical entries: the role of the lexemic index; 5.3 The generalized paradigm function-a first pass; 5.4 Representing stems; 5.5 Morpholexical properties; 5.6 The generalized paradigm function and the lexical entry , 5.7 Affix order, semantic scope, and the GPF5.8 A unified view of lexical relatedness; Part III. The factorized lexicon; 6 Representing lexical relatedness; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Formal approaches to lexical relatedness; 6.3 Derivation; 6.4 Canonical inflection and semantic interpretation; 6.5 Transpositions; 6.6 Representing argument structure; 6.7 Argument nominalizations; 6.8 Paradigmatically mixed categories; 6.9 Evaluative morphology; 6.10 Meaningless derivation; 6.11 Implications of intermediate types for a model of lexical relatedness , 7 The form and function of argument-structure representations7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Justifying argument structure; 7.3 Semantics and syntax; 7.4 Argument-structure alternations mediated by conversion; 7.5 Conclusions; 8 Nominalizations; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Action nominalizations as syntactically mixed categories; 8.3 Approaches to categorial mixing; 8.4 The semantics of nominalizations; 8.5 Analysis of deverbal nominalizations; 8.6 Nominalized adjectives; 8.7 The interpretation of nominalizations: summary; 8.8 Defining nominalizations; 8.9 Summary; 9 Further instances of transposition , 9.1 Introduction , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-19-967992-4

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-19-176150-8

Language: English

UID:

Format: xi, 459 p.

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 1-4237-7221-0 , 1-282-25537-1 , 90-272-9651-0 , 9786612255373 , 90-272-2330-0

Series Statement: Terminology and lexicography research and practice, v. 6

Content: This is a state-of-the-art Guide to the fascinating world of the lexicon and its description in various types of dictionaries.A team of experts brings together a solid Introduction to Lexicography and leads you through decision-making processes step-by-step to compile and design dictionaries for general and specific purposes. The domains of lexicography are outlined and its specific terminology is explained in the Glossary. Each chapter provides ample suggestions for further reading. Naturally, electronic dictionaries, corpus analysis, and database management are central themes throughout the book.The book also "introduces" questions about the many types of definition, meaning, sense relations, and stylistics. And that is not all: those afraid to embark on a dictionary adventure will find out all about the pitfalls in the chapters on Design.A Practical Guide to Lexicography introduces and seduces you to learn about the achievements, unexpected possibilities, and challenges of modern-day lexicography.

Note: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph , A Practical Guide to Lexicography -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC page -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Part 1 - The forms, contents and uses of dictionaries -- Chapter 1. Foundations -- 1.1 `The' dictionary: Definition and history -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Criteria -- 2.1. Formal criteria -- 2.2. Functional criteria -- 2.3. Criteria regarding content -- 2.4. Definition -- 3. Brief history of dictionaries -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. The glossaries -- 3.3. Vocabularies: Conflatus, Vocabularius Ex quo, Gemmula and Gemma -- 1.2 Source materials for dictionaries -- 1. Lexicographic resources and evidence: An overview -- 2. Corpora as lexical resources -- 3. Databases as lexicographic resources -- 1.3 Uses and users of dictionaries -- 1. Surveys -- 2. Meta-lexicography -- 3. Towards a model of dictionary use -- 4. Experimental research -- 5. Conclusion -- 1.4 Types of articles, their structure and different types of lemmata -- 1. Introductory remarks -- 2. The structure of dictionary articles -- 3. Different types of articles -- 3.1. Articles with a main lemma versus articles with a sublemma as the guiding element -- 3.2. Articles displaying a single structure and articles with a synopsis structure -- 4. Different types of lemmata -- 5. Macrostructural diversity -- 5.1. A straight alphabetical ordering -- 5.2. Nested and niched lemmata -- 6. In conclusion -- 1.5 Dictionary typologies: A pragmatic approach -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Dictionary typologies and distinctive features -- 3. The major dictionary types -- 3.1. Linguistic dictionaries versus encyclopaedias -- 3.2. Linguistic dictionaries -- 3.3. Restricted dictionaries -- 4. Multilingual dictionaries -- 5. Conclusion -- Chapter 2. Descriptive lexicography -- 2.1 Phonological, morphological and syntactic specifications in monolingual dictionaries -- 1. Introduction. , 2. Phonological information -- 3. Morphological information -- 3.1. Nouns -- 3.2. Adjectives -- 3.3. Verbs -- 4. Syntactic information -- 4.1. Nouns -- 4.2. Adjectives -- 4.3. Verbs -- 5. Conclusion -- 2.2 Meaning and definition -- 1. Do I focus on the senses of individual words? -- 2. Which readings of a word do I consider relevant? -- 3. Which type of meaning do I have to define? -- 4. Which linguistic perspective do I take? -- 5. Which definitional format do I use? -- 6. Summary -- 2.3 Dictionaries of proverbs -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Typology of English proverb books -- 3. Macrostructure of English dictionaries of proverbs -- 4. Microstructure of English proverb dictionaries -- Notes -- 2.4 Pragmatic specifications: Usage indications, labels, examples -- dictionaries of style, dictionaries of collocations -- Notes -- References -- 2.5 Morphology in dictionaries -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Morphology in a few large monolingual dictionaries -- 3. The reception perspective -- 3.1. Derivations that contain irregular/unpredictable elements in their form-content systems -- 3.2. Derivations with regular/predictable systems of form and content -- 3.3. Conclusions to date -- 4. The production perspective -- 4.1. Derivations -- 4.2. Compound words -- 5. Conclusion -- 2.6 Onomasiological specifications and a concise height8pt depth3pt width0pt history of onomasiological dictionaries -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Onomasiological specifications in systematic dictionaries -- 3. Onomasiological specifications in synonym dictionaries -- 3.1. The alphabetically ordered synonym dictionary -- 3.2. The reverse dictionary -- 3.3. The pictorial dictionary -- 4. Onomasiological specifications in semasiological dictionaries -- 5. Electronic onomasiology -- 5.1. Onomasiological: From the definitions dictionary -- 5.2. Onomasiological: Specifically developed for that purpose. , 6. History -- Chapter 3. Special types of dictionaries -- 3.1 Types of bilingual dictionaries -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Reception vs. production -- 3. Unidirectional vs. bi-directional -- 4. The status of the user -- 5. Conclusion -- 3.2 Specialized lexicography and specialized dictionaries -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Basic concepts of specialized lexicography -- 3. Characteristics of specialized dictionaries -- 3.1. Subject coverage -- 3.2. Language -- 3.3. Intended users and purpose -- 3.4. Macrostructure -- 3.5. Microstructure -- 3.6. Medium -- 4. Fundamental steps for compiling a specialized dictionary -- 4.1. Introductory reading and delimitation of the subject field -- 4.2. Corpus selection -- 4.3. Scanning -- 4.4. Data analysis -- 4.5. Preparation of specialized dictionary entries -- 5. Other types of specific-purpose dictionaries -- Part 2 - Linguistic corpora (databases) and the compilation of dictionaries -- Chapter 4. Corpora for dictionaries -- 4.1 Corpora for lexicography -- 1. Introduction -- Generic Corpora -- Transposability -- 2. Textual integrity -- Preserve the original -- Make a digitised copy -- 3. Typology -- Origin -- State -- Aims -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- 4.2 Corpus processing -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Properties of language text -- 3. Mark-up (or Mark& -- endash -- up) -- 4. Plain text -- 5. Archive, corpus and database -- 6. Annotation -- 7. Annotation issues -- 8. Single data stream -- 9. Multiple data streams -- 10. Annotation choices: Summary -- 11. Conclusion -- Notes -- 4.3 Multifunctional linguistic databases: Their multiple use -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Multiple use of lexicographic resources: Background -- 3. Multiple use of lexicographic resources: Some examples -- 3.1. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English LDOCE -- 3.2. WordNet and EuroWordNet -- 3.3. WordNet and Hector corpus and dictionary -- 3.4. Corpora. , 4. Multifunctional databases: Considerations in reusability -- 4.1. Standards -- 4.2. A theory-neutral approach? -- 4.3. Evaluation -- 4.4. Legal issues -- 5. Multiple use as a stimulus for more collaboration -- Notes -- 4.4 Lexicographic workbench: A case history -- Conclusion -- Chapter 5. Design of dictionaries -- 5.1 Developments in electronic dictionary design -- 1. Introduction -- 2. From traditional dictionaries to electronic dictionaries -- 3. Improved access commands more explicit information -- 3.1. No more abbreviations -- 3.2. Indexing headwords plus variants -- 3.3. Cross-references become obsolete -- 3.4. Bothersome duplication dispatched -- 3.5. Recognition of multi-word lexemes as lexical entities -- 4. Functionality of electronic dictionaries improved -- 4.1. Adjustable selection of data -- 4.2. Representation -- 4.3. Reversed dictionary: The onomasiological approach -- 4.4. One type of data can serve several purposes -- 5. Extension of the dictionary -- 5.1. Extension of the lexicon -- 5.2. Integration of other dictionaries -- 5.3. Incorporation of other reference works -- 5.4. Integration in the software environment -- 6. Conclusion -- Notes -- 5.2 Linguistic corpora (databases) and the compilation of dictionaries -- 1. Macro design: Consideration of user requirements -- 2. Micro design: Front matter -- 3. Abbreviations and symbols -- 4. Layout and typography -- 5. The entry -- Notes -- 5.3 The design of online lexicons -- 1. Introduction -- 2. ``Lexicons'' -- 3. ``Online'' -- 4. Macrostructure -- 5. Macrostructure in online lexicons -- 6. Fuzzy matching and stemming -- 7. Multiword queries -- 8. Microstructure and the content of entries -- 8.1. Density in the microstructure of print dictionaries -- 8.2. The Microstructure of online lexicons -- 9. New textual content in online lexicons -- 9.1. Full paradigms. , 9.2. Example sentences -- 10. Necessary ``encyclopedic'' information -- 11. Multimedia in online lexicons -- Note -- Chapter 6. Realisation of dictionaries -- 6.1 The codification of phonological, morphological, and syntactic information -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Phonological information -- 3. Morphological information -- 4. Syntactic information and idiomatic patterns -- 6.2 The production and use of occurrence examples -- 1. Collecting the evidence -- 2. Processing the evidence (by hand) -- 3. Processing the evidence (with the help of computers) -- 4. Citing evidence within the dictionary -- 5. Conclusion -- Note -- 6.3 The codification of semantic information -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Identifying the senses -- Interpretation -- Splitting and lumping -- Senses and contextual modulations -- Relatedness of senses: Polysemy and homonymy -- The reality of four dictionaries -- 3. Ordering the senses -- Methods -- Flat structure and hierarchical structure -- The four dictionaries -- 4. Defining the senses -- 5. The future -- Appendix -- Longman, Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDOCE) -- Collins Cobuild English Dictionary (COBUILD) -- The New Oxford Dictionary (NODE) -- Chambers 21st Century Dictionary (CHAMBERS) -- 6.4 The codification of usage by labels -- 1. What is a label? -- 2. Classification of labels -- 2.1. Group labels -- 2.2. Register labels -- 2.3. Figurative use -- 2.4. The offensive use of words -- 3. The functions of labels -- 4. Final remarks and conclusion -- Notes -- 6.5 The codification of etymological information -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theoretical choices -- 3. Practice -- 4. Looking ahead -- Notes -- Chapter 7. Examples of design and production criteria for major dictionaries -- 7.1 Examples of design and production criteria for bilingual dictionaries -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Architecture -- 3. Organisation -- 4. Business plan. , 5. Conclusion. , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 90-272-2329-7

Additional Edition: ISBN 1-58811-380-9

Language: English

UID:

Format: XIV, 450 p. , online resource.

ISBN: 9783540457152

Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2276

Note: Computational Linguistics -- Multiword Expressions: A Pain in the Neck for NLP -- A Hypothesis on the Origin of the Sign Types -- Quantification and Intensionality in Situation Semantics -- Generalized Quantification in Situation Semantics -- Sign Language Translation via DRT and HPSG -- Multilayered Extended Semantic Networks as a Language for Meaning Representation in NLP Systems -- Constructing a Sensuous Judgment System Based on Conceptual Processing -- Towards a Natural Language Driven Automated Help Desk -- Lexical Tuning -- A Baseline Methodology for Word Sense Disambiguation -- An Adapted Lesk Algorithm for Word Sense Disambiguation Using WordNet -- Feature Selection Analysis for Maximum Entropy-Based WSD -- Combining Supervised-Unsupervised Methods for Word Sense Disambiguation -- A Proposal for WSD Using Semantic Similarity -- A New, Fully Automatic Version of Mitkov’s Knowledge-Poor Pronoun Resolution Method -- Pronominal Anaphora Generation in an English-Spanish MT Approach -- Using LSA for Pronominal Anaphora Resolution -- The Spanish Auxiliary Verb System in HPSG -- Surface Syntactic Relations in Spanish -- Parsing Ill-Formed Inputs with Constraint Graphs -- Part-of-Speech Tagging with Evolutionary Algorithms -- Formal Methods of Tokenization for Part-of-Speech Tagging -- Sepe: A POS Tagger for Spanish -- Fuzzy Set Tagging -- Towards a Standard for a Multilingual Lexical Entry: The EAGLES/ISLE Initiative -- Quantitative Comparison of Homonymy in Spanish EuroWordNet and Traditional Dictionaries -- Compilation of a Spanish Representative Corpus -- Aligning Multiword Terms Using a Hybrid Approach -- Automatic Selection of Defining Vocabulary in an Explanatory Dictionary -- Integrated Natural Language Generation with Schema-Tree Adjoining Grammars -- Experiments with a Bilingual Document Generation Environment -- A Computational Model of Change in Politeness with the Addition of Word Endings -- Tartar Morphology Implementation -- Automatic Generation of Pronunciation Lexicons for Spanish -- Intelligent Text Processing -- Diacritics Restoration: Learning from Letters versus Learning from Words -- A Comparative Study of Information Extraction Strategies -- Answer Extraction in Technical Domains -- Automatic Extraction of Non-standard Lexical Data for a Metalinguistic Information Database -- Text Segmentation for Efficient Information Retrieval -- Using Syntactic Dependency-Pairs Conflation to Improve Retrieval Performance in Spanish -- Multi-document Summarization Using Informative Words and Its Evaluation with a QA System -- Automated Selection of Interesting Medical Text Documents by the TEA Text Analyzer -- Chinese Documents Classification Based on N-Grams -- Cross-Lingual Document Similarity Calculation Using the Multilingual Thesaurus EUROVOC -- Empirical Formula for Testing Word Similarity and Its Application for Constructing a Word Frequency List -- AutoMarkup: A Tool for Automatically Marking up Text Documents -- Identification of Recurrent Patterns to Extract Definitory Contexts -- Specification Marks Method: Design and Implementation.

In: Springer eBooks

Additional Edition: Printed edition: ISBN 9783540432197

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/3-540-45715-1

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45715-1