Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Umfang: 1 online resource (358 pages) : , illustrations, tables

Ausgabe: 1st edition

ISBN: 9780128016602 , 0128016604

Inhalt: Mobile Sensors and Context-Aware Computing is a useful guide that explains how hardware, software, sensors, and operating systems converge to create a new generation of context-aware mobile applications. This cohesive guide to the mobile computing landscape demonstrates innovative mobile and sensor solutions for platforms that deliver enhanced, personalized user experiences, with examples including the fast-growing domains of mobile health and vehicular networking. Users will learn how the convergence of mobile and sensors facilitates cyber-physical systems and the Internet of Things, and how applications which directly interact with the physical world are becoming more and more compatible. The authors cover both the platform components and key issues of security, privacy, power management, and wireless interaction with other systems. Shows how sensor validation, calibration, and integration impact application design and power management Explains specific implementations for pervasive and context-aware computing, such as navigation and timing Demonstrates how mobile applications can satisfy usability concerns, such as know me, free me, link me, and express me Covers a broad range of application areas, including ad-hoc networking, gaming, and photography

Anmerkung: Front Cover -- Mobile Sensors and Context-Aware Computing -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction -- Definition of Mobile Computing -- Constraints and the Challenges Faced by Mobile Computing Systems -- Resource Poor -- Less Secured/Reliable -- Intermittent Connectivity -- Energy Constrained -- Historical Perspectives and the Influences of Market -- Enhanced User Experience -- Improved Technology -- New Form Factors -- Increased Connectivity/Computing Options -- Market Trends and Growth Areas -- New Sensor Technology and Products -- Sensor Fusion -- New Application Areas -- References -- 2 Context-aware computing -- Context-Aware Computing -- Levels of Interactions for Context-Aware Infrastructure -- Ubiquitous Computing -- Challenges of Ubiquitous Computing -- Limitations of wireless discovery -- User interface adaptation -- Location-aware computing -- Context -- Computing Context -- Passive Versus Active Context -- Context-Aware Applications -- Location Awareness -- Location Sources in Mobile Phones -- GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) -- Wireless Geo -- Sensors -- Localization Algorithms -- Angle of Arrival -- Time of Arrival -- Time Difference of Arrival -- Received Signal Strength -- References -- 3 Sensors and actuators -- Terminology Overview -- Sensor Ecosystem Overview -- Location-Based Sensors -- Accelerometer -- g-Force, axes, coordinate system -- Unit of measurement -- Gravity contribution, device behavior resting on a surface and free fall -- Case 1: Stationary car on a flat road -- Case 2: Object in free fall -- Case 3: Body moving downward -- Tilt sensitivity and accelerometer orientation -- The effect of tilt on accelerometer measurements -- One-axis tilt sensing -- Two-axis tilt sensing -- Case 1: Sensor position: Vertical -- Case 2: Sensor position: Horizontal. , Three-axis tilt sensing -- Gyroscopes -- Mechanical gyroscopes -- Components of a gyroscope and axis of freedom -- Gyroscopes precession -- Proximity Sensor -- Workings of a inductive proximity sensor -- Workings of a capacitive proximity sensor -- Workings of a photoelectric proximity sensor -- Workings of a magnetic proximity sensor -- Pressure Sensor -- Workings of a pressure sensor -- Touch Sensors -- Touch sensors based on working principles -- Ultrasound/surface acoustic wave touch sensors -- Capacitive touch sensors -- Resistive touch sensors -- Biosensors -- ECG working principles -- Example heart rate estimation algorithm -- References -- 4 Sensor hubs -- Introduction to Sensor Hubs -- Dedicated Microcontroller Unit -- Application Processor-Based Sensor Hub -- Sensor-Based Hub With Micro Controller Unit -- FPGA-Based Sensor Hub -- Atmel SAM D20 Sensor Hub With Micro Controller Unit -- Cortex-M0+ Processor and Its Peripherals -- Device Service Unit -- Power Management Unit -- System Controller -- Watchdog Timer -- Real-Time Counter -- External Interrupt Controller -- Serial Communication Interface -- Intel Moorefield Platform (Application Processor-Based Sensor Hub) -- Integrated Sensor Hub -- Integrated sensor hub hardware architecture -- Integrated sensor hub power management -- Platform and sensor hub firmware architecture -- Supported sensors -- Security with integrated sensor hub -- STMicroelectronics Sensor-Based Hub With Micro Controller Unit (LIS331EB) -- Description of Blocks -- Cortex-M0 processor -- Accelerometer -- Sensing element -- State machine -- FIFO -- Bypass mode -- FIFO mode -- Stream mode -- Stream-to-FIFO mode -- Retrieving data from FIFO -- I2C interfaces -- I2C terminology/pin mapping -- LIS331EB as I2C slave to the application processor -- I2C to access accelerometer data -- I2C operation. , Other components and peripherals -- Memory -- Timers and watchdogs -- Communication interfaces: I2C, UART, and SPI -- Debug -- References -- 5 Power management -- Introduction -- ACPI Power States -- ACPI Global Power States -- ACPI Sleep States -- ACPI Device Power States -- Power Management in Sensors, Smartphones, and Tablets -- Android Wakelock Architecture -- Windows Connected Standby -- Benefits and value -- What does connected standby do? -- Differences between connected standby and traditional Sleep and Hibernate -- Platform support -- Hardware-Autonomous Power Gating -- A few factors for sensor-specific autonomous power management -- Wake-up latency -- Break-even cycle -- Sensor usage -- Example of Power Management Architecture in Sensor -- Autonomous Power Management Architecture in Sensors -- Application-Based Power Management Architecture -- Concept of communication-based power management -- Timeout period -- Sleep duration -- Power Management Schemes -- Dynamic voltage scaling -- Dynamic power management -- Task-based power management -- Low power fixed priority scheduling -- Runtime voltage hopping (Sakurai) -- Adaptive power management system -- Power Management in a Typical Sensor Hub -- Example of Power Management in Atmel SAM G55G/SAM G55 -- Main components of Atmel SAM G55G/SAM G55 -- Supported sleep modes and wake mechanism -- Power management controller of Atmel SAM G55G/SAM G55 -- Xtrinsic FXLC95000CL -- Power management modes of FXLC95000CL -- References -- 6 Software, firmware, and drivers -- Introduction to Software Components -- Windows Sensor Software Stack -- Sensor Driver Configuration -- Sensor Class Extension Implementation -- Sensor class extension notification management -- Sensor class extension power management -- Sensor States -- Sensor Fusion -- Android Sensor Software Stack -- Android Sensor Framework. , Hardware Application Layer -- Android Sensor Types and Modes -- Android Sensor Fusion/Virtual Sensors -- Sensor Hub Software and Firmware Architecture -- Viper Kernel -- Sensor Drivers -- Sensor HAL -- Sensor Core -- Static data model -- Running thread model -- Sensor Client -- Protocol Interface -- Firmware and Application Loading Process -- Context-Aware Framework -- Power-Saving Firmware Architecture -- References -- 7 Sensor validation and hardware-software codesign -- Validation Strategies and Challenges -- Generic Validation Phases -- Design for Quality and Technical Readiness -- Presilicon Simulation -- Prototyping -- System Validation -- Analog Validation -- Compatibility Validation -- Software/Firmware Validation -- Product Qualification -- Silicon Debug -- Sensor Hub Presilicon Validation -- Monitor -- Checker -- Scoreboard -- Sequencer -- Driver -- Sensor Hub Prototyping -- QEMU (Quick Emulator) -- FPGA Platform -- Sensor Test Card Solutions -- Test Board With Physical Sensors -- Software Sensor Simulator -- Simulation manager -- Sensor simulator manager -- Sensor simulator -- Validation Strategies and Concepts -- Hardware-Software Codesign -- Validation Matrix and Feature-Based Validation -- References -- 8 Sensor calibration and manufacturing -- Motivation for Calibrating Sensors -- Supply-Chain Stakeholders -- Sensor Vendors -- System Designers -- System Manufacturer -- The Calibration Process -- Creating a System Model -- Analyzing Error Sources -- Designing the Calibration Process -- Dynamic Calibration -- Managing the Calibration Process and Equipment -- Single and Multiaxis Linear Calibration -- Sensor Limits and Nonlinearity -- Calibrating Sensors With Multiple Orthogonal Inputs -- Calibrating Color Sensors -- Reference -- 9 Sensor security and location privacy -- Introduction to Mobile Computing Security and Privacy. , Sensor Security -- Types of Sensor Attacks -- Security of Sensor Data -- Basic encryption scheme -- Secret sharing scheme -- Partial decryption -- Sliding group watermark scheme -- Simplified sliding group watermark scheme -- Forward watermark chain -- Location Privacy -- Attack-Threat Types -- Preserving Location Privacy -- Challenges of preserving location privacy -- Architecture of privacy tools -- Mechanisms to preserve location privacy -- Location Privacy Preserving Methods -- k-Anonymity -- Extensions of k-anonymity -- Obfuscation -- Obfuscation by enlarging radius -- Obfuscation by shifting center -- Obfuscation by reducing radius -- Cloaking -- Cloaking architecture example -- Cloaking region generation basics -- Sample cloaking mechanisms -- References -- 10 Usability -- Need of Sensors in Mobile Computing -- OS Logo Requirements and Sensor Support -- Context- and Location-Based Services -- Sensor-Based Power Management -- Sensor management -- Communication protocols -- Sensor-based power management policies -- Sensor-Based User Interactions -- Simplifying the user-device interface for voice memo recording -- Detecting orientation of device -- Power management -- Human-Computer Interactions: Gesture Recognition -- Sensor Usages -- A Few Sensor Examples -- References -- 11 Sensor application areas -- Introduction to Sensor Applications -- Augmented Reality -- Hardware Components of Augmented Reality -- Augmented Reality Architecture -- Applications of Augmented Reality -- Sensor Fusion for Augmented Reality -- Depth Sensors in Augmented Reality -- Sensor Applications in the Automotive Industry -- Steering Torque Sensor -- Steering Angle Sensor -- Power Steering Motor Position Sensors -- Sensor Applications in Energy Harvesting -- Components of Energy Harvesting -- Net-Zero Energy Systems -- Medical Applications of Energy Harvesting. , Sensor Applications in the Health Industry.

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9780128017982

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0128017988

Sprache: Englisch