Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Format: 1 online resource (296 pages) : , color illustrations, charts, tables

ISBN: 9780128033906 , 0128033908

Note: Front Cover -- Life-Threatening Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Symbols and Conventions -- I. Cardiovascular Adverse Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs -- 1 Sudden Cardiac Death and Ventricular Arrhythmias -- 1.1 Epidemiology -- 1.2 Pathobiology -- 1.2.1 Determinants of APD -- 1.2.2 Amplification of Myocardial Dispersion of Repolarization -- 1.2.3 The Initiation and Perpetuation of TdP -- 1.2.4 Drug-Induced Prolongation of QT interval and TdP -- 1.2.5 Antipsychotic-Induced QTc Prolongation -- 1.3 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 1.4 Prevention and Management -- References -- 2 Myocarditis and Cardiomyopathy -- 2.1 Definitions -- 2.2 Epidemiology -- 2.2.1 Causality -- 2.2.2 Prevalence and Incidence -- 2.2.2.1 Myocarditis -- 2.2.2.2 Cardiomyopathy -- 2.2.3 Risk Factors -- 2.2.3.1 Myocarditis -- 2.2.3.2 Cardiomyopathy -- 2.3 Genetic Vulnerability -- 2.4 Pathobiology -- 2.4.1 Myocarditis -- 2.4.2 Cardiomyopathy -- 2.5 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 2.5.1 Myocarditis -- 2.5.1.1 Laboratory and investigative features -- 2.5.2 Cardiomyopathy -- 2.6 Differential Diagnosis -- 2.6.1 Myocarditis -- 2.6.2 Cardiomyopathy -- 2.7 Complications and Significant Sequelae -- 2.8 Risk Stratification for Death or Permanent Disability -- 2.9 Management -- 2.9.1 Myocarditis -- 2.9.1.1 Rechallenge -- 2.9.2 Cardiomyopathy -- 2.9.2.1 Rechallenge -- 2.10 Prevention -- 2.10.1 Myocarditis -- 2.10.2 Cardiomyopathy -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 3 Pulmonary Embolism -- 3.1 Epidemiology -- 3.2 Pathobiology -- 3.2.1 Venous Stasis as a Consequence of Obesity and Physical Inactivity -- 3.2.2 Hypercoagulability -- 3.2.2.1 Antipsychotic Drugs and Platelet Function -- 3.2.2.2 Antiphospholipid Antibodies -- 3.2.2.3 Prolactin-Mediated Hypercoagulability. , 3.2.2.4 Obesity-Mediated Hypercoagulability -- 3.2.3 Endothelial Injury -- 3.3 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 3.3.1 Clinical Presentation -- 3.3.2 Diagnosing Pulmonary Embolism in Psychiatric Patients -- 3.3.2.1 Probability Assessments -- 3.3.2.2 Laboratory Tests and Imaging Investigations -- 3.3.2.2.1 d-Dimer -- 3.3.2.2.2 Computed Tomographic Pulmonary Angiography -- 3.3.2.2.3 Ventilation-Perfusion Scanning -- 3.3.2.2.4 Venous Ultrasonography -- 3.3.2.2.5 Echocardiography -- 3.4 Prevention and Management -- 3.4.1 Intravenous Unfractionated Heparin and Oral Vitamin K Antagonists -- 3.4.2 Subcutaneous Low Molecular Weight Heparin and Oral Vitamin K Antagonists -- 3.4.3 Oral Factor Xa Inhibitor -- 3.4.4 Primary Prevention -- 3.4.5 Secondary Prevention -- References -- 4 Orthostatic Hypotension -- 4.1 Epidemiology -- 4.1.1 Prevalence -- 4.1.2 Genetic Vulnerability -- 4.2 Pathobiology -- 4.3 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 4.3.1 Autonomic Failure -- 4.3.2 Dehydration -- 4.3.3 Drug-Drug Interactions -- 4.3.3.1 Use of β-Adrenoceptor Antagonists (β-blockers) -- 4.3.3.2 Use of α2-Adrenoceptor Agonists -- 4.3.3.3 Use of α1-Adrenoceptor Antagonists -- 4.3.3.4 Use of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors -- 4.3.4 Complications and Significant Sequelae -- 4.3.5 Risk Stratification for Death or Permanent Disability -- 4.4 Prevention and Management -- 4.4.1 Antipsychotic Selection -- 4.4.2 Antipsychotic Reinitiation -- 4.4.3 Antipsychotic Dosing Frequency -- 4.4.4 Nonpharmacological Therapy -- 4.4.5 Volume Expansion -- 4.4.6 Pharmacological Therapy -- 4.4.6.1 Fludrocortisone -- 4.4.6.2 Desmopressin -- 4.4.6.3 Sympathomimetic Agents -- 4.4.7 Prevention -- References -- II. Hematological Complications of Treatment With Antipsychotic Drugs -- 5 Severe Neutropenia and Agranulocytosis -- 5.1 Epidemiology -- 5.1.1 Drug-Induced Dyscrasias. , 5.1.2 Epidemiology of Clozapine-Induced Neutropenia and Agranulocytosis -- 5.2 Pathobiology -- 5.2.1 Mechanism of Clozapine-Induced Neutropenia/Agranulocytosis -- 5.2.1.1 Genetic Vulnerability -- 5.3 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 5.3.1 Clozapine-Induced Neutropenia/Agranulocytosis -- 5.4 Prevention and Management -- 5.4.1 Clozapine and White Blood Count Monitoring -- 5.4.1.1 Clozapine Rechallenge -- 5.4.1.2 Pharmacological Interventions -- 5.4.1.2.1 Lithium -- 5.4.1.2.2 G-CSF and GM-CSF -- 5.4.2 Neutropenic Risk in Clozapine-Treated Children and Adolescents -- 5.4.3 Neutropenia/Agranulocytosis With Antipsychotics Other Than Clozapine -- 5.4.4 Blood Dyscrasia Other Than Neutropenia Associated With Antipsychotics -- References -- III. Antipsychotic-Related Pathology of the Digestive System -- 6 Gastrointestinal Hypomotility and Dysphagia -- 6.1 Gastrointestinal hypomotility -- 6.1.1 Introduction -- 6.1.2 Epidemiology -- 6.1.3 Pathobiology -- 6.1.4 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 6.1.5 Imaging Studies -- 6.1.6 Differential Diagnosis -- 6.1.7 Complications and Significant Sequelae -- 6.1.8 Management -- 6.1.9 Prevention -- 6.1.10 Conclusion -- 6.2 Dysphagia and sialorrhea -- 6.2.1 General Considerations -- 6.2.2 Pathobiology -- 6.2.3 Prevention and Management -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Gastrointestinal Hypomotility -- Dysphagia and Sialorrhea -- 7 Liver Failure -- 7.1 Definition -- 7.2 Search Strategy -- 7.3 Epidemiology -- 7.3.1 Acute Liver Failure -- 7.3.2 Asymptomatic Antipsychotic-Induced Liver Injury and Lesser Elevations in LFT -- 7.3.3 Genetic Vulnerability -- 7.4 Pathobiology -- 7.5 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 7.5.1 Differential Diagnosis -- 7.5.2 Complications and Significant Sequelae -- 7.5.3 Risk Stratification for Death or Permanent Disability -- 7.6 Management -- 7.7 Prevention -- 7.8 Conclusion -- References. , 8 Pancreatitis -- 8.1 Epidemiology -- 8.2 Pathobiology -- 8.3 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 8.4 Management -- References -- IV. Major Neurological and Neuromuscular Adverse Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs -- 9 Seizures -- 9.1 Epidemiology -- 9.1.1 Seizures Occurring in Patients Receiving Therapeutic Dosages of Antipsychotic Drugs -- 9.1.2 Seizures After Intoxications With Antipsychotic Drugs -- 9.1.3 Genetic Vulnerability -- 9.2 Pathobiology -- 9.3 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 9.3.1 Diagnostic Relevance of the EEG -- 9.3.2 Differential Diagnosis -- 9.3.3 Complications and Significant Sequelae -- 9.3.4 Risk Stratification for Death or Permanent Disability -- 9.4 Prevention and Management -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 10 Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome -- 10.1 Epidemiology -- 10.1.1 Genetic Vulnerability -- 10.1.2 Risk Factors -- 10.1.2.1 Demographic Factors -- 10.1.2.2 Genetic Liability -- 10.1.2.3 Environmental Factors -- 10.1.2.4 Pharmacological Factors -- 10.2 Pathobiology -- 10.2.1 Dopamine Receptor Blockade Hypothesis -- 10.2.2 Sympathoadrenal Hyperactivity -- 10.2.3 Musculoskeletal Fiber Toxicity Hypothesis -- 10.2.4 Neuroimmunological Hypothesis -- 10.3 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 10.3.1 Differential Diagnosis -- 10.3.1.1 NMS and SS -- 10.3.1.2 Catatonia and NMS -- 10.3.2 Complications and Significant Sequelae -- 10.3.3 Risk of Recurrence -- 10.3.4 Risk Stratification for Death or Permanent Disability -- 10.4 Prevention and Management -- References -- 11 Heat Stroke and Rhabdomyolysis -- 11.1 Heat Stroke -- 11.1.1 Definition -- 11.1.2 Epidemiology -- 11.1.3 Pathobiology -- 11.1.4 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 11.1.5 Differential Diagnosis -- 11.1.6 Complications and Significant Sequelae -- 11.1.7 Risk Stratification for Death or Permanent Disability -- 11.1.8 Management -- 11.1.9 Prevention -- 11.2 Rhabdomyolysis. , 11.2.1 Definition -- 11.2.2 Epidemiology -- 11.2.3 Pathobiology -- 11.2.4 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 11.2.5 Differential Diagnosis -- 11.2.6 Complications and Significant Sequelae -- 11.2.7 Management -- 11.2.8 Conclusion -- References -- Heat Stroke -- Rhabdomyolysis -- V. Metabolic Complications of Antipsychotic Drug Treatment -- 12 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus -- 12.1 Epidemiology -- 12.1.1 The Increased Risk of T2DM in People With Severe Mental Illness -- 12.1.1.1 Lifestyle and Environmental Factors -- 12.1.1.2 Biological Effects of the Mental Illness -- 12.1.1.3 Antipsychotic Medication Use -- 12.1.1.4 Genetic Vulnerability -- 12.1.1.5 Gene-Environment Interactions -- 12.2 Pathobiology -- 12.3 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 12.3.1 Categories of Increased Risk for Diabetes (Prediabetes) -- 12.3.1.1 At-Risk Groups -- 12.3.1.2 Differential Diagnosis -- 12.3.1.3 Complications, Significant Sequelae, and Risk Stratification for Death or Permanent Disability -- 12.4 Prevention and Management -- 12.4.1 Screening for T2DM in People Taking Antipsychotics -- 12.4.2 Screening in People With Normal Baseline Tests -- 12.4.3 Screening in People With Risk Factors -- 12.4.4 Lifestyle Modification -- 12.4.5 Pharmacological Interventions -- 12.5 Conclusion -- References -- VI. Other Life-Threatening Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs -- 13 Interstitial Nephritis and Interstitial Lung Disease -- 13.1 Interstitial Nephritis -- 13.1.1 Definition -- 13.1.2 Epidemiology -- 13.1.3 Pathobiology -- 13.1.4 Clinical and Laboratory Features -- 13.1.5 Differential Diagnosis -- 13.1.6 Management -- 13.1.7 Prevention -- 13.2 Interstitial Lung Disease -- 13.2.1 Definition -- 13.2.2 Epidemiology -- 13.2.3 Conclusion -- References -- Interstitial Nephritis -- Interstitial Lung Disease -- VII. Clinical and Forensic Challenges in the Use of Antipsychotic Drugs. , 14 The Benefits of Antipsychotic Drugs: Symptom Control and Improved Quality of Life.

Additional Edition: ISBN 9780128033760

Additional Edition: ISBN 0128033762

Language: English