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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    London ; New York :Routledge,
    UID:
    almafu_BV005461869
    Format: xii, 250 Seiten.
    ISBN: 0-415-07265-4
    Series Statement: Routledge/SOAS politics and culture in the Middle East series
    Language: English
    Subjects: History , Political Science , Law , Ethnology
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    Keywords: Kurden ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    Author information: Kreyenbroek, Philip G. 1948-
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  • 2
    UID:
    gbv_1603346171
    Format: XII, 250 S.
    ISBN: 9780415072656 , 0415072654
    Series Statement: SOAS politics and culture in the Middle East series
    Note: McDowall, D.: The Kurdish question: a historical review. S. 10-32. van Bruinessen, M.: Kurdish society, ethnicity, nationalism and refugee problems. S. 33-67. Kreyenbroek, P.: On the Kurdish language. S. 68-83. Connors, J.: Humanitarian legal order and the Kurdish question. S. 84-94. Bozarslan, H.: Political aspects of the Kurdish problem in contemporary Turkey. S. 95-114. Morad, M.: The situation of Kurds in Iraq and Turkey: current trends and prospects. S. 115-133. Sherzad, A.: The Kurdish movement in Iraq: 1975-88. S. 134-142. Vanly, I.: The Kurds in Syria and Lebanon. S. 143-170. Koohi-Kamali, F.: The development of nationalism in Iranian Kurdistan. S. 171-192. Vanly, I.: The Kurds in the Soviet Union. 193-218. , Bibliography: p. 234-241. - Includes index
    Language: English
    Subjects: History , Political Science , Law
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    Keywords: Kurden ; Kurden ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Author information: Kreyenbroek, Philip G. 1948-
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  • 3
    UID:
    kobvindex_DGP1603346171
    Format: XII, 250 S.
    ISBN: 0415072654
    Series Statement: SOAS politics and culture in the Middle East series
    Language: English
    Subjects: History , Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures , Political Science , Law
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    Keywords: Kurden ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Author information: Kreyenbroek, Philip G. 1948-
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  • 4
    UID:
    gbv_1458758656
    Format: 2 Tab., Lit.Hinw. S. 232-233
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: The author begins by giving an overview over Kurdish history in Imperial and Soviet Russia. He states that between 1937 and 1944 Armenian Kurds were deported en masse and resettled in Central Asia, while Turkmenian Kurds were subjected to assimilation campaigns and denied education in their own language (nevertheless, they were able to remain conscious of their separate identity). Today, the author estimates that about 450.000 Kurds are inhabiting Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Uzbekistan, Turkmenia and various other Soviet republics. Their language is recognized as one of the Soviet languages, and Kurdish studies are encouraged. Kurds have a double allegiance: to their Kurdish identity and to the Soviet Union. There is no sense of political and cultural alienation. However, the author also notes that even in the age of Perestroika the Kurdish problem is still in existence. Kurds remain unrepresented at high levels of government, and cultural relations between Soviet Kurds and Kurds in other countries are non-existent. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 193-218, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:193-218
    Language: English
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  • 5
    UID:
    gbv_1458758095
    Format: Lit.Hinw. S. 219-221
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: Analyzing Kurdish society, the author asserts that despite their ethnic, religious and linguistic diversity the Kurds have developed a strong sense of nationalism. He asserts also that the ethnic-religious mosaic of Kurdish society is further marked by an intricate social and political stratification with a vertical orientation which has been left more or less intact by the Ottoman and Persian empires and their successor states. The author notes that a specifically "Kurdish" ethnicity developed, despite the underlying ethnic variety, from the desire for a national identity. He gives an overview of Kurdish history and discusses recent political developments with respect to the Kurds in Turkey, Iran and Iraq. All these states face a Kurdish problem and deal with it in different ways. While Iran may grant the Kurds some cultural autonomy (but not make any territorial concessions), Turkey is deeply committed to the Kemalist dogma of Turkey as a homogeneous nation. The gradual increase in Kurdish nationalism has led to increased repression in Kurdistan, and thus to a growing wave of refugees. Now the struggle for independence is more or less fought from the diaspora, and the refugees are contributing more to the Kurdish movement than they could have done had they remained. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 33-67, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:33-67
    Language: English
    Author information: Bruinessen, Martin van 1946-
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  • 6
    UID:
    gbv_1458758567
    Format: Lit.Hinw. S. 229-231
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: After giving a brief historical overview over the Kurdish presence in Syria, and providing geographical data of the regions inhabited by Kurds, the author discusses the present situation in Syria, as well as in Lebanon. He states that many Kurds in Syria are classified as "aliens" and as such have no legal or civil rights. Many are dispossessed of their land, including those who have Syrian citizenship. Speaking Kurdish or wearing Kurdish costume is forbidden. The Kurdish Democratic Party in Syria, once respected and feared by the Secret Police, has now disintegrated into opposing factions. In general, the author believes that the Kurds in Syria appear to be doomed. In Lebanon, while there is no nationalist anti-Kurdish feeling as in Syria, Kurds without citizenship (about 70 %) are also deprived of legal and civil rights and mostly occupy the lowest end of the social and economic scale. The author ends by saying that recently there have been some positive developments in Syria with respect to the Kurds. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 143-170, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:143-170
    Language: English
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  • 7
    UID:
    gbv_1458758508
    Format: Lit. S. 228-229
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: The author asserts that 1976 marked a turning-point in the history of the Kurdish movement, characterized by two main developments: a) a break with the traditional tribal orientation and b) the formation of a multi-party system. Prior to 1976, the Kurdish movement, of significance only in Iraq (Turkey had suppressed all Kurdish self-expression and in Iran state centralization led to assimilation of Kurds into the Iranian state structure), was led by tribal chiefs; afterwards leaders were recruited from urban elements. The appearance of new parties, and with it the emergence of counter-powers, resulted in internal conflict among the Kurds. The author states that the ceasefire in the Iran-Iraq War in 1988 and the setback inflicted upon the Kurds introduced the appearance of new variables in the Kurdish movement: mass deportation from Iraq, systematic destruction of villages and towns in Iraq and the establishment of a "no man's land" on Iraq's northern borders. Guerilla warfare has become difficult. The Kurdish population is now concentrated in big cities. There has been an exodus of over 60.000 Iraqi Kurds to Turkey. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 134-142, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:134-142
    Language: English
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  • 8
    UID:
    gbv_1458758583
    Format: Lit.Hinw. S. 232
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: The author discusses the relationship between the Kurdish leaders and the Iranian regime after the revolution, stating that in spite of not having won autonomy the Kurds form a significant military and political force. He begins by giving an historic overview over Kurdish detribalization and rising nationalism. He asserts that ties between Iranians and Kurds are strong in spite of official government hostility (partly because of linguistic similarities) and Kurds are not striving for a separate Kurdish state. While the Islamic revolution seemed to provide a golden opportunity to the Kurdish movement which had been in opposition to the Shah's regime, and Kurds were promised support by the revolutionary government, it soon became apparent that they would not be given autonomy, leading to clashes and rebellion. The author analyzes the role of the KDPI in the Kurdish fight for autonomy and ends by saying that the party has become a relatively independent political force with potentially significant influence in Iran. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 171-192, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:171-192
    Language: English
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  • 9
    UID:
    gbv_145875815X
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: The author discusses the history of the Kurdish languages in Turkey, where any other language beside Turkish remained forbidden, Iran, where at least in theory (and in practice since 1984) local languages were allowed alongside Farsi, and in Iraq, where spoken Kurdish was never suppressed, and a standard written Kurdish, adequate for academic and literary purposes, was allowed to be developed. (DÜI-Kwe) + The author stresses the importance of language as a factor to establish national identity. In the case of the Kurd language, however, the problem is that two quite dissimilar dialects, or better languages, are of equal significance: Kurmanji, spoken in the north, and Sorani, spoken in the south. Also, only in the late 19th century was the need for a written language beginning to be felt
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 68-83, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:68-83
    Language: English
    Author information: Kreyenbroek, Philip G. 1948-
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  • 10
    UID:
    gbv_1458758354
    Format: Lit.Hinw. S. 227-228
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: The author argues that Iraqi Kurds are used by Iran to fight a "proxy war" for them. A genuine peace agreement between the Kurds and Saddam Husain is considered doubtful if not impossible. He says that Kurdish ideology endorses "armed struggle" but seldom outright terrorism but warns that a shift toward more radical politics may be in the offing. The fact that the Kurdish problem has largely failed to attract worldwide attention is attributed to the Kurds having a) principally looked to Iran, the USSR and Syria as allies, b) pursued an "anti-Imperialist" alliance with the left, c) shied away from contacts with the West, with the exception of Britain. Arab support of the Kurds has shifted with particular national interests, and while some support is always available, it is difficult to predict from where it comes. + Turkey's application for EC membership works in favor of the Kurds, since Turkey's image now requires greater sensitivity toward her ethnic communities. - The author also discusses the plight of the Faili Kurdish refugees, deported from Iraq to Iran from 1969-1988, with family members still being kept as "hostages" in Iraq in order to intimidate the deported families. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 115-133, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:115-133
    Language: English
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