UID:
almahu_9949199051402882
Umfang:
XVI, 256 p.
,
online resource.
Ausgabe:
1st ed. 1992.
ISBN:
9781461531043
Anmerkung:
1 The Science of Navigation -- What Is Navigation? -- A Typical Ground-Based Radionavigation System -- The Advantages of Space-based Transmitters -- The Transit Navigation Satellites -- Gravity Gradient Stabilization -- Disturbance Compensation Systems -- Compensating for Ionospheric Delays -- Compensating for Tropospheric Delays -- Navigation Techniques -- The Navstar Revolution -- Navstar Navigation Techniques -- The Navstar Clocks -- Practical Benefits for All Mankind -- 2 The Navstar GPS -- The Space Segment -- Signal Structure and Pseudorandom Codes -- Navigation Solutions -- Correcting for Relativistic Time Delays -- Correcting for Ionospheric and Tropospheric Delays -- Decoding the 50-Bit-Per-Second Data Stream -- The Various Families of Navstar Satellites -- The User Segment -- A Typical High-Performance 5-Channel Receiver -- Operating Procedures -- The Control Segment -- Inverting the Navigation Solution -- The Monitor Stations and The Master Control Station -- Field Test Results -- 3 Performance Comparisons for Today's Radionavigation Systems -- A Sampling of Today's Ground-based Navigation Systems -- Loran C/D -- Omega -- VOR/DME Tacan -- The Microwave Landing System -- Inertial Navigation -- JTIDS Relnav and PLRS -- Signpost Navigation Techniques -- A Sampling of Today's Space-based Navigation Systems -- Transit -- The Navstar Global Positioning System -- The French Argos -- Side-by-side Performance Comparisons -- 4 User-Set Architecture -- The Major Components of a Typical Navstar Receiver -- The Receiver Antenna and Its Associated Electronics -- The Tracking Loops -- Navigation Processor -- Power Supply -- Control-Display Unit -- Choosing the Proper User-set Architecture -- Performance Comparisons -- Selecting the Antennas -- Selecting the Proper Computer Processing Techniques -- Solving for the User's Position -- Computing and Interpreting the Geometrical Dilution of Precision -- Ranging Error Budgets -- Kalman Filtering Techniques -- 5 User-set Performance -- Accuracy Estimates for Various Methods of Navigation -- Performance Criteria to Consider when Purchasing a Navstar Receiver -- Receiver Design Choices -- Number of Channels and Sequencing Rate -- Access to Selective-availability Signals -- Available Performance Enhancement Techniques -- Computer Processing Capabilities -- Receiver Design Smart Card -- Today's Available Navstar Receivers -- Hand-held Receivers -- Commercially Available Navstar Chipsets -- 6 Differential Navigation and Pseudo-satellites -- Performance Comparisons: Absolute and Differential Navigation -- Special Committee 104's Recommended Data-exchange Protocols -- The Coast Guard's Differential Navigation System Tests -- Motorola's Mini Ranger Test Results -- COMSAT's Data Distribution Service for the Gulf of Mexico -- Wide-area Differential Navigation Services -- Pseudo-satellites -- Special Committee 104's Data Exchange Protocols for Pseudo-satellites -- Comparisons Between Differential Navigation and Pseudo-satellites -- 7 Interferometry Techniques -- The Classical Michaelson-Morley Interferometry Experiment -- Measuring Attitude Angles with Special Navstar Receivers -- Eliminating Solution Ambiguities -- Practical Test Results -- Using Interferometry to Fix Position -- Single, Double, and Triple Differencing Techniques -- The POPS Post-Processing Software -- Spaceborne Interferometry Receivers -- Motorola's Commercially Available Monarch -- Tomorrow's Generic Spaceborne Receivers -- 8 Integrated Navigation Systems -- Integrated Navigation -- Inertial Navigation -- Error Growth Rates -- Reinitialization Techniques -- Ring Laser Gyros -- Monolithic Ring Laser Gyros -- Fiber Optic Gyros -- Using the GPS for Testing Inertial Navigation Systems -- The Practical Benefits of Integrated Navigation -- Chassis-level Integration -- 9 Interoperability with Other Navigation Systems -- The Soviet Glonass -- The Glonass Specification Release at Montreal -- The Glonass Constellation -- Orbital Maneuvers for the Glonass Satellites -- Building Dual-capability GPS/Glonass Receivers -- Receiver Design Difficulties -- Dual-Capability Receiver Tests at Leeds University -- The FAA's Joint Research Efforts with Soviet Scientists -- Other Attempts to Build Dual-capability Receivers -- Integrity Monitoring Techniques -- Interoperability with Other Radionavigation Systems -- Eastport International's Integrated System for Underwater Navigation -- 10 The Navstar Satellites -- The Eight Major Spacecraft Subsystems -- The Orbit Injection Subsystem -- Tracking, Telemetry and Command -- Attitude and Velocity Control -- Electrical Power -- Navigation Subsystem -- Reaction Control -- Thermal Control -- Structures and Mechanisms -- On-orbit Test Results -- The Multiyear Spacecraft Procurement -- Booster Rockets -- Orbital Perturbations -- The Spacecraft Ephemeris Constants -- Satellite Viewing Angles -- Earth-shadowing Intervals -- Repeating Ground-trace Geometry -- 11 Precise Time Synchronization -- John Harrison's Marine Chronometer -- Celestial Navigation Techniques -- A Short History of Time -- The Atomic Clocks Carried Aboard the Navstar Satellites -- Cesium Atomic Clocks -- Rubidium Atomic Clocks -- Developing Atomic Clocks Light Enough to Travel Into Space -- The Growing Need for Precise Time Synchronization -- Time Sync Methodologies -- Fixing Time with the Navstar Signals -- Lightweight Hydrogen Masers for Tomorrow's Navstar Satellites -- Crosslink Ranging Techniques -- 12 Digital Avionics and Air Traffic Control -- The Sabreliner's Flight to the Paris Air Show -- Four Major Concerns of the Federal Aviation Administration -- Selective Availability -- User-Set Fees -- Integrity-related Failures -- Continuous Five-satellite Coverage -- Using a Dedicated Constellation for Air Traffic Control -- An Alternative Architecture Using the GPS -- Comparisons Between Geosynchronous and Semisynchronous Constellations -- Piggyback Geosynchronous Payloads -- The Autoland System Test Results -- 13 Geodetic Surveying and Satellite Positioning -- Determining the Shape of Planet Earth -- The Theory of Isostasy -- The Earth's Contours Under Hydrostatic Equilibrium -- GPS Calibrations at the Turtmann Test Range -- Static Surveying Techniques -- Kinematic and Pseudo-kinematic Surveying -- Freeway Surveying During War in the Persian Gulf -- Navstar Positioning for Landsat D -- The Landsat's Spaceborne Receiver -- On-Orbit Navigation Accuracy -- Orbit Determination for High-altitude Satellites -- Today's Available Spaceborne Receivers -- 14 Military Applications -- The Military Benefits of the Worldwide Common Grid -- Field Test Results -- Projected Battlefield Benefits -- Test Range Applications -- Military Receivers -- Carrier-landing Accuracies -- Amphibious Warfare Operations -- Accuracy-enhancements for Strategic and Cruise Missiles -- 15 Civil Applications -- Dinosaur Hunting with the GPS -- Guiding Archaeological Expeditions -- Tracking Hazardous Icebergs -- Offshore Oil Exploration -- Fixing the Positions of Railroad Trains -- Automobile Navigation -- Dead Reckoning Systems -- Tomorrow's Space-based Vehicle Navigation Techniques -- Today's Available Automotive Navigation Systems -- Futuristic Applications for Navstar Navigation -- Appendix A Additional Sources of lnformation -- GPS Information Centers -- The U.S. Coast Guard's Information Center -- The Computer Bulletin Board at Holloman Air Force Base -- Global Satellite Software's Computer Bulletin Board -- The Glonass Computer Bulletin Board -- Precise GPS Orbit Information -- Military GPS Information Directory -- GPS Information with a European Flavor -- The United Kingdom -- The Netherlands -- Norway -- GPS Clock Behavior -- Information for Surveyors -- GPS World Magazine -- The Federal Radionavigation Plan -- Appendix B Today's Global Family of User-set Makers -- Domestic User-set Makers -- Foreign User-set Makers -- Appendix C Navigation-Related Clubs and Organizations -- Appendix D Navigation-
In:
Springer Nature eBook
Weitere Ausg.:
Printed edition: ISBN 9781461363576
Weitere Ausg.:
Printed edition: ISBN 9780442010409
Weitere Ausg.:
Printed edition: ISBN 9781461531050
Sprache:
Englisch
DOI:
10.1007/978-1-4615-3104-3
URL:
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3104-3
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