Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Umfang: 1 online resource (762 pages)

Ausgabe: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9780443217067 , 0443217068 , 9780443217074 , 0443217076

Anmerkung: Front Cover -- Pharmacology, Physiology, and Practice in Obstetric Anesthesia -- Pharmacology, Physiology, and Practice in Obstetric Anesthesia -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the editors -- Preface -- I - Obstetric pharmacology, physiology and safe practice strategies -- 1 - Physiological maternal adaptive changes during pregnancy, e.g., alterations of endometrium and decidua, menstru ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Estrogen and progesterone in pregnancy -- 2.1 Progesterone -- 2.2 Estrogen -- 2.3 Decidualization -- 3. Physical changes in pregnancy -- 3.1 Cardiovascular system -- 3.2 GI system -- 3.3 Respiratory system -- 3.3.1 Metabolism -- 3.4 Skin -- 3.5 Sensory -- 3.6 Hematology -- 4. Pharmacologic changes in pregnancy -- 4.1 Absorption -- 4.2 Distribution -- 4.3 Metabolism -- 4.4 Elimination -- 5. Issues arising from the physiologic changes of pregnancy -- 5.1 Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy -- 5.1.1 Pathophysiology of preeclampsia -- 5.2 Peripartum cardiomyopathy -- 5.3 Pulmonary changes in pregnancy -- 5.4 Postpartum depression -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- 2 - Anatomy of the reproductive tract: The placenta, uteroplacental circulation, anatomy, transfer of drugs, and re ... -- 1. Anatomy of the female reproductive tract -- 1.1 Organs -- 1.2 Innervation -- 1.3 Blood flow -- 1.4 Uterine blood flow changes during pregnancy -- 2. Anatomy of the placenta -- 2.1 Embryology -- 2.2 Macroscopic anatomy -- 2.3 Maternal vasculature -- 2.4 Fetoplacental vasculature -- 3. Placental physiology -- 3.1 Oxygen transfer -- 3.2 Carbon dioxide transfer -- 3.3 Acid base -- 3.4 Placental drug transfer -- 3.5 Common drugs used during pregnancy -- 3.6 Anesthetic drugs and placental transfer -- 4. Conclusion -- 3 - Uterine blood flow and the effects of obstetric anesthesia -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Anatomy. , 3. Uteroplacental blood flow -- 4. Response to vasoactive agents -- 5. Mechanisms of changes -- 6. Determinants of uterine blood flow -- 7. Measuring uterine blood flow -- 8. Regional anesthesia and uterine blood flow -- 9. Doppler ultrasonography and uterine blood flow -- 10. General anesthesia and uterine blood flow -- 11. Effects of obstetric drugs -- 12. Conclusion -- 4 - Perinatal pharmacology -- 1. Definition, background -- 2. Maternal factors -- 3. Placental factors -- 4. Basic fetal pathophysiology and risk factors -- 5. Fetal drug uptake, distribution, metabolism, and excretion -- 6. Related issues, historical trends -- References -- 5 - Parturient anesthesia assessment and evaluation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. History of anesthesia in obstetrics -- 3. Physiological changes in pregnancy -- 3.1 Cardiovascular (ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 211, 2019 -- Guntupalli et al., 2015 -- Crozier, 2017 -- Kaur & -- Miller, 2017 -- Cutf ... -- 3.2 Respiratory (Leontic, 1977 -- Wise et al., 2006 -- ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 211, 2019 -- Guntupalli et al., 2015 -- Kaur & -- Mi ... -- 3.3 Gastrointestinal -- 3.4 Urinary (ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 211, 2019 -- Kaur & -- Miller, 2017 -- Guntupalli et al., 2015) -- 3.5 Endocrine -- 3.6 Hematologic -- 3.7 Coagulation -- 4. Preanesthesia evaluation of parturients (Practice Advisory for Preanesthesia Evaluation, 2012 -- Practice Guidelines for Obst ... -- 4.1 Past surgical history and anesthetic history -- 4.2 Past obstetric history -- 4.3 Past medical history -- 4.4 Physical examination -- 5. Evaluation of parturient with systemic disease -- 5.1 Cardiovascular diseases -- 5.1.1 Congenital heart disease (Wei & -- Noel Bairey Merz, 2018) -- 5.1.2 Infective endocarditis -- 5.1.3 ICDs and pacemakers -- 5.1.4 Arrhythmias -- 5.1.5 Valvular heart diseases -- 5.1.6 Cardiomyopathies and heart failure. , 5.1.7 Pericarditis -- 5.2 Respiratory diseases -- 5.2.1 Asthma -- 5.2.2 Cystic fibrosis -- 5.3 Anemias -- 5.4 Coagulation disorders -- 5.4.1 von Willebrand Disease -- 5.4.2 Thrombocytopenia -- 5.4.3 Anticoagulants -- 6. Endocrine diseases -- 6.1 Diabetes mellitus -- 6.2 Hyperthyroidism -- 6.3 Musculoskeletal disorders -- 6.3.1 Lumbopelvic discomfort and chronic back pain -- 6.3.2 Scoliosis -- 6.3.3 Rheumatoid arthritis -- 6.3.4 Ankylosing spondylitis -- 6.4 Renal diseases -- 6.4.1 Chronic renal disease -- 6.4.2 Acute renal failure -- 6.5 Liver diseases -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- 6 - How to create and maintain a safe and an efficient obstetric anesthesia practice -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Maternal care framework in the United States -- 3. Preanesthesia evaluation for obstetric patients -- 3.1 Background -- 4. Current state of affairs and challenges -- 4.1 Recommendations -- 5. Telemedicine -- 6. Patient education -- 7. Intrapartum care for parturient -- 7.1 Introduction -- 8. Challenges and recommendations -- 8.1 Medication shortages -- 8.2 Staffing and training/anesthesia workforce -- 8.2.1 Challenges -- 8.3 Recommendations -- 8.4 Anesthesia management of high-risk pregnancies -- 8.5 Peripartum obstetric hemorrhage -- 8.5.1 Challenges -- 8.5.2 Recommendations -- 8.6 Concept of the pregnancy heart team and cardiac obstetrics -- 8.6.1 Challenges -- 8.6.2 Recommendations -- 8.7 Critical care in obstetrics -- 9. Enhanced recovery after CD -- 10. Process improvement to enhance patient safety in obstetric anesthesia -- 11. Handoffs and checklists -- 12. Simulation and team working in obstetric anesthesia -- 13. Racial disparities -- 14. Strategies to improve global inequities in obstetric anesthesia -- 15. Trauma informed care in obstetrics -- References -- II - Clinical concepts of obstetrics and anesthesia for vaginal delivery and C-section. , 7 - Obstetric anesthesia consultation -- 1. Indications for consultation -- 2. Components of consultation -- 3. Common indications for anesthesiology consultation -- 3.1 Anticoagulation -- 4. Thrombocytopenia -- 5. Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) -- 6. Maternal cardiovascular disease -- 6.1 Interventions/ECMO -- 7. Spinal column/cord pathology, neurologic disease -- 8. Obesity -- 9. Opioid use disorder (OUD) -- 10. History of anesthetic complications -- 11. Consultation clinics -- 12. Conclusion -- References -- 8 - Obstetric management of labor and delivery, including preoperative assessment and basic standards for preanesth ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. CVD in the pregnant patient -- 3. Pregnancy counseling risk stratification -- 4. Mode and timing of delivery -- 5. Type of hospital and location within the hospital -- 6. Peripartum plan -- 7. The difficult airway in obstetrical anesthesia assessment -- 8. Preparation for difficult airway management -- 9. Difficult airway trolley -- 10. Difficult airway management -- 11. Simulation and training -- 12. Mental health and pregnancy -- 13. Management of psychiatric patients during pregnancy -- 14. Racial disparities in maternity care -- 15. Strategies for reducing disparities -- 15.1 Implementing protocols and safety bundles -- 16. Health care professionals' education and communication -- 17. Outcome measurement, reviews, and community partnerships -- 18. Neuroobstetrics -- 19. Antenatal period/preconception -- 20. Intrapartum -- 21. Postpartum -- 22. Multiple sclerosis -- 23. Cerebrovascular diseases in pregnancy -- 24. Role of anesthesiologist in the management of stroke -- 25. Headache during pregnancy and postpartum -- 26. Evaluation of pregnant patients with headaches (Headaches in Pregnancy and Postpartum, 2022) -- 27. Pregnancy and hematology -- 28. Iron-deficient anemia. , 29. Coagulation disorders -- 30. Hereditary coagulation disorders -- 31. Acquired coagulation disorders -- 32. Venous thromboembolism -- 32.1 Antepartum recommendations -- 32.2 Intrapartum recommendations -- 33. Respiratory diseases in pregnancy -- 34. Asthma -- 35. Respiratory failure -- 36. Obstructive sleep apnea -- References -- 9 - Fetal assessment and physiology -- 1. Antenatal fetal assessment -- 2. Estimating gestational age -- 3. Routine ultrasonography -- 4. Evaluating the well-being of the fetus -- 4.1 Clinical assessment -- 5. Antepartum fetal testing -- 6. Fetal development and physiology -- 7. Fetal environment -- 8. Fetal cardiovascular system -- 9. Fetal respiratory system -- 10. Fetal hematologic system -- 11. Fetal neurologic system -- 12. Transition to the extrauterine environment -- 13. Physiologic changes in postnatal life -- 13.1 Cardiovascular and respiratory changes -- 14. Thermal regulation -- 15. Postnatal fetal assessment -- 16. APGAR score and umbilical cord gas and pH -- References -- 10 - Opioid analgesics in labor -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Opioids -- 2.1 Mechanism of action -- 3. Pharmacokinetics -- 3.1 Absorption -- 3.2 Distribution -- 3.3 Biotransformation -- 3.4 Excretion -- 4. Effect on organ systems -- 4.1 Cardiovascular -- 4.2 Respiratory -- 4.3 Cerebral -- 4.4 Gastrointestinal -- 5. Plan for labor analgesia -- 6. Pharmacologic options for labor analgesia -- 7. Systemic analgesics -- 7.1 Opioid analgesia -- 8. Patient-controlled analgesia -- 8.1 Remifentanil PCA -- 8.2 Fentanyl PCA -- 8.3 Intermittent bolus opioid -- 8.4 Choice of opioid -- 8.4.1 Nalbuphine -- 8.5 Butorphanol -- 8.6 Fentanyl -- 8.7 Morphine -- 8.8 Meperidine -- 9. Regional analgesia -- 9.1 Neuraxial analgesia -- 9.2 Mechanism and site of action -- 9.3 Epidural opioids -- 9.4 Intrathecal opioids -- 10. Summary and conclusion -- References. , 11 - Mechanisms of labor pain and anesthesia in healthy parturients.

Sprache: Englisch