Format:
1 Online-Ressource (391 pages)
Edition:
1st ed
ISBN:
9781847557629
Series Statement:
Rsc Paperbacks
Content:
This book provides an essential guide and reference source for those working in all areas of heritage conservation
Content:
Conservation Science -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1 Cultural Heritage: The Archaeologist, the Conservator and the Public - An Essential Coalition -- 1.1 The Archaeologist -- 1.2 The Conservator -- 2 From Discovery to Display -- 2.1 Special Problems of Underwater Recovery -- 2.2 The Raising of the Mary Rose: A Case Study -- 2.3 Preservation of the Evidence: A Multi-discipline Task -- 3 Conservation with a Purpose -- 4 Museums: The Past into the Future -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 2 Methods in Conservation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminary Examination -- 3 Analytical Methods -- 3.1 Interaction of Radiation with Matter -- 3.2 Interaction of Elemental Particles with Matter -- 3.3 Dating Methods -- 4 Diagnosis of Deterioration Processes -- 5 Conservation Treatments -- 5.1 Cleaning -- 5.2 Desalination -- 5.3 Consolidation -- 5.4 Disinfestation -- 6 Preventive Conservation -- 7 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 3 Paper -- 1 The Constituents of Paper -- 1.1 Fibres -- 1.2 Paper Size -- 2 The Directional Properties of Paper -- 3 How Paper Interacts with Water -- 4 Deterioration of Paper -- 4.1 Acid-Catalysed Hydrolysis of Cellulose -- 4.2 Oxidation of Cellulose -- 5 Deacidification -- 6 Bleaching and Washing of Paper to Remove Discolouration -- 7 Foxing -- 8 Accelerated Ageing Tests -- 9 Safe Environments for Paper -- 10 Methods for Monitoring the Deterioration of Paper -- 10.1 Physical Measurements -- 10.2 Chemical Methods -- 11 Characterisation of Paper -- 12 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 4 Textiles -- 1 The Variety of Textiles -- 2 Textile Materials -- 3 Case Study 1: Linen Fibres and the Victory Sail -- 3.1 The Chemical Composition and Microstructure of Linen -- 3.2 The Mechanical Performance of the Victory Sail -- 3.3 Degradation of Cellulosic Fibres
Content:
3.4 Acidity Measurements on the Victory Sail -- 3.5 Conservation and Display of the Victory Fore Topsail -- 4 Case Study 2: Silk Fibres and the Shackleton Ensign -- 4.1 The Chemical Composition and Microstructure of Silk -- 4.2 Silk Processing for Use as a Textile Fibre -- 4.3 The Condition of the Shackleton Ensign -- 4.4 Assessing the Condition of Silk by Microanalytical Techniques -- 4.5 Degradation of Silk Fibres -- 4.6 Conservation Treatment of the Shackleton Ensign -- 5 Case Study 3: Wool Fibres and the Tree of Jesse Tapestry -- 5.1 The Chemical Composition and Microstructure of Wool -- 5.2 Wool as a Textile Fibre -- 5.3 Degradation of Wool -- 5.4 Assessing the Condition of Wool by Microanalytical Techniques -- 5.5 Conservation and Treatment of the Tree of Jesse Tapestry -- 6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 5 Leather -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Nature and Properties of Leather -- 2.1 Criteria which Define Tannage -- 2.2 Collagen -- 2.3 Tanning Materials -- 3 The Manufacture of Leather -- 3.1 Vegetable Tanning Processes -- 3.2 Alum Tawing -- 3.3 Oil Tannage -- 3.4 Fur Dressing -- 4 The Deterioration of Leather -- 4.1 Physical Deterioration -- 4.2 Biological Deterioration -- 4.3 Chemical Deterioration -- 5 Conservation Techniques -- 5.1 Biological Deterioration -- 5.2 Chemical Deterioration -- 6 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 6 Metals -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Extraction -- 1.2 Metallurgy -- 2 Corrosion -- 3 Field Treatment and Transportation -- 4 Conservation -- 4.1 Acid Pickling -- 4.2 Aqueous Washing -- 4.3 Electrolytic Conservation -- 4.4 Hydrogen Reduction -- 5 Stabilisation and Consolidation -- 6 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 7 Glass and Ceramics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Deterioration and Conservation of Glass -- 2.1 History of Glassmaking
Content:
2.2 Chemical Composition, Structure, and Physical Properties -- 2.3 Degradation Mechanisms: Basic Reactions in Water -- 2.4 Degradation of Objects Indoors -- 2.5 Weathering of Stained Glass Windows -- 2.6 Degradation of Archaeological Glasses -- 2.7 Conservation Materials: Coatings, Consolidants, Adhesives -- 2.8 Restoration and Cleaning -- 2.9 Conditions for Storage and Display -- 3 Deterioration and Conservation of Ceramics -- 3.1 History and Technology -- 3.2 Raw Materials -- 3.3 Firing Process -- 3.4 Colouration and Glazes -- 3.5 Dating and Provenance -- 3.6 Deterioration -- 3.7 Restoration and Conservation -- 4 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 8 Plastics -- 1 Plastics in Heritage Collections -- 2 The Chemistry and Physics of Plastics -- 2.1 Preparation of Polymers -- 2.2 Additives -- 2.3 Shaping Plastics -- 3 Identification of Plastics -- 3.1 Simple tests -- 3.2 Analytical Techniques -- 4 Degradation of Plastics -- 4.1 Degradation of Cellulose Nitrate -- 4.2 Degradation of Cellulose Acetate -- 4.3 Degradation of Plasticised PVC -- 4.4 Degradation of Polyurethane Foam -- 5 Conservation of Plastics -- 5.1 Conservation of Cellulose Nitrate -- 5.2 Conservation of Cellulose Acetate -- 5.3 Conservation of Plasticised PVC -- 5.4 Conservation of Polyurethane Foam -- 6 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 9 Stone -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Degradation 'Equation' -- 2.1 Material -- 2.2 Process -- 2.3 Environment -- 2.4 Limestone Weathering in an Urban Environment: Illustration of the Interaction of the Three Factors -- 3 Microorganisms and Stone Decay -- 3.1 Light-dependent Microbial Growths -- 3.2 Organics-dependent Microbial Growths -- 3.3 Inorganics-dependent Microbial Growths -- 3.4 Stone Colonisation and Biofilms -- 3.5 Interactions of Microbes with Stone Salts -- 4 Conservation Practices
Content:
4.1 Identification -- 4.2 Prevention -- 4.3 Barriers to Agents of Degradation -- 4.4 Removal of Degradation -- 4.5 Control of Microbial Growths using Biocides -- 4.6 Consolidation -- 4.7 Replacement -- 5 Conclusion -- 6 Suggestions for Further Reading -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 10 Wall Paintings: Aspects of Deterioration and Restoration -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Wall Paintings as an Integral Part of Buildings -- 3 Damaging Processes -- 3.1 Deterioration by Soluble Salts -- 3.2 Deterioration by Microorganisms -- 4 Cleaning and Consolidation -- 4.1 Consolidation -- 4.2 Cleaning Methodologies -- 5 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 11 Conservation of Ancient Timbers from the Sea -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Biodeteriogens -- 2.1 Marine Wood-Boring Animals -- 2.2 Lignolytic Marine Microorganisms -- 2.3 Erosion Bacteria -- 2.4 Tunnelling Bacteria -- 2.5 Cavitation Bacteria -- 2.6 Bacterial Symbionts of Shipworm -- 2.7 Soft Rot Fungi -- 2.8 Basidiomycete Fungi -- 2.9 Insect Borers -- 3 Wood Structure -- 3.1 Archaeological Wood Recovered from the Marine Environment -- 3.2 Properties and Condition of Waterlogged Archaeological Wood -- 3.3 Storage of Waterlogged Archaeological Wood -- 3.4 Wrapping in Polyethylene Bags or Sheeting -- 3.5 Storage of Large Wooden Artefacts -- 3.6 The Storage of the Mary Rose Hull -- 3.7 Reburial -- 4 Conservation of Archaeological Wood -- 4.1 Definitions and Aims -- 4.2 Lumen-filling Treatments -- 4.3 Bulking Treatments -- 4.4 Surface Coatings -- 5 Conservation Methods -- 5.1 Removal of Mineral Inclusions -- 5.2 Microbial Activity -- 5.3 Polyethylene Glycol Method -- 5.4 In-situ Polymerisation with Radiation Curing Monomers and Resins -- 5.5 Drying Following Conservation Treatment -- 6 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading
Content:
Chapter 12 In-situ Preservation of Waterlogged Archaeological Sites -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Environmental Monitoring -- 2.1 Water Level -- 2.2 Pore Water Composition -- 2.3 Redox Potential (Eh) -- 2.4 pH -- 3 Deterioration of Modern Materials Analogous to Artefacts -- 4 What does Environmental Monitoring Alone Tell us? -- 4.1 Case Study: In situ Preservation of the Site of Nydam -- 4.2 Deterioration and Protection of Wooden Artefacts -- 4.3 Deterioration of Iron Artefacts -- 5 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Subject Index
Additional Edition:
ISBN 9780854046591
Additional Edition:
Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Barker, B Des Conservation Science : Heritage Materials Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry,c2007 ISBN 9780854046591
Language:
English
URL:
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