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Format: 1 online resource (221 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9783031599002

Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Physics Series ; v.1029

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction to Percolation -- 1.1 Basic Concepts in Percolation -- 1.2 Percolation Probability -- 1.3 Spanning Cluster -- 1.4 Percolation in Small Systems -- 1.5 Further Reading -- Exercises -- 2 One-Dimensional Percolation -- 2.1 Percolation Probability -- 2.2 Cluster Number Density -- Definition of Cluster Number Density -- Measuring the Cluster Number Density -- Shape of the Cluster Number Density -- Numerical Measurement of the Cluster Number Density -- Average Cluster size -- 2.3 Spanning Cluster -- 2.4 Correlation Length -- Exercises -- 3 Infinite-Dimensional Percolation -- 3.1 Percolation Threshold -- 3.2 Spanning Cluster -- 3.3 Average Cluster Size -- 3.4 Cluster Number Density -- Exercises -- 4 Finite-Dimensional Percolation -- 4.1 Cluster Number Density -- Numerical Estimation of n(s,p) -- Measuring Probability Densities of Rare Events -- Measurements of n(s,p) When p →pc -- Scaling Theory for n(s,p) -- Scaling Ansatz for 1d Percolation -- Scaling Ansatz for Bethe Lattice -- 4.2 Consequences of the Scaling Ansatz -- Average Cluster Size -- Density of Spanning Cluster -- 4.3 Percolation Thresholds -- Exercises -- 5 Geometry of Clusters -- 5.1 Geometry of Finite Clusters -- Analytical Results in One Dimension -- Numerical Results in Two Dimensions -- Scaling Behavior in Two Dimensions -- 5.2 Characteristic Cluster Size -- Average Radius of Gyration -- Correlation Length -- 5.3 Geometry of the Spanning Cluster -- 5.4 Spanning Cluster Above pc -- Exercises -- 6 Finite Size Scaling -- 6.1 General Aspects of Finite Size Scaling -- 6.2 Finite Size Scaling of P(p,L) -- 6.3 Average Cluster Size -- Measuring Moments of the Cluster Number Density -- Scaling Theory for S(p,L) -- 6.4 Percolation Threshold -- Measuring the Percolation Probability Π(p,L) -- Measuring the Percolation Threshold pc. , Finite-Size Scaling Theory for Π(p,L) -- Estimating pc Using the Scaling Ansatz -- Estimating pc and ν Using the Scaling Ansatz -- Exercises -- 7 Renormalization -- 7.1 The Renormalization Mapping -- Iterating the Renormalization Mapping -- 7.2 Examples -- Example: One-Dimensional Percolation -- Example: One-Dimensional Percolation -- Example: Renormalization on 2d Site Lattice -- Example: Renormalization on 2d Site Lattice -- Example: Renormalization on 2d Triangular Lattice -- Example: Renormalization on 2d Triangular Lattice -- Example: Renormalization on 2d Bond Lattice -- Example: Renormalization on 2d Bond Lattice -- Exercises -- 8 Subset Geometry -- 8.1 Singly Connected Bonds -- 8.2 Self-Avoiding Paths on the Cluster -- Minimal Path -- Maximum and Average Path -- Backbone -- Scaling of the Dangling Ends -- Argument for the Scaling of Subsets -- Blob Model for the Spanning Cluster -- Mass-Scaling Exponents for Subsets of the Spanning Clusters -- 8.3 Renormalization Calculation -- 8.4 Deterministic Fractal Models -- 8.5 Lacunarity -- Exercises -- 9 Flow in Disordered Media -- 9.1 Introduction to Disorder -- 9.2 Conductivity and Permeability -- Electrical Conductivity and Resistor Networks -- Flow Conductivity of a Porous System -- 9.3 Conductance of a Percolation Lattice -- Finding the Conductance of the System -- Computational Methods -- Measuring the Conductance -- Conductance and the Density of the Spanning Cluster -- 9.4 Scaling Arguments for Conductance and Conductivity -- Scaling Argument for p> -- pc and L ξ -- Conductance of the Spanning Cluster -- Conductivity for p> -- pc -- 9.5 Renormalization Calculation -- 9.6 Finite Size Scaling -- Finite-Size Scaling Observations -- 9.7 Internal Distribution of Currents -- 9.8 Real Conductivity -- Exercises -- 10 Elastic Properties of Disordered Media -- 10.1 Rigidity Percolation. , Developing a Theory for E(p,L) -- Compliance of the Spanning Cluster at p = pc -- Finding Young's Modulus E(p,L) -- 11 Diffusion in Disordered Media -- 11.1 Diffusion and Random Walks in Homogeneous Media -- Theory for the Time Development of a Random Walk -- Continuum Description of a Random Walker -- 11.2 Random Walks on Clusters -- Developing a Program to Study Random Walks on Clusters -- Diffusion on a Finite Cluster for p< -- pc -- Diffusion at p = pc -- Diffusion for p> -- pc -- Scaling Theory -- Diffusion on the Spanning Cluster -- The Diffusion Constant D -- Exercises -- 12 Dynamic Processes in Disordered Media -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Diffusion Fronts -- 12.3 Invasion Percolation -- Gravity Stabilization -- Gravity Destabilization -- References -- Index.

Additional Edition: Print version: Malthe-Sørenssen, Anders Percolation Theory Using Python Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2024 ISBN 9783031598999

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books.

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Format: 1 online resource.

ISBN: 9788770227360 , 8770227365 , 9781003393139 , 1003393136 , 9781000879742 , 1000879747 , 1000879771 , 9781000879773

Series Statement: River Publishers series in electronic materials, circuits and devices

Content: This book explores many fundamental topics in a basic and easy-to-understand manner. It, and the accompanying DC-AC Electrical Fundamentals by the same co-authors, have been developed using a classic textbook ⁰́₃ Electricity and Electronics: A Survey (5th Edition) by Patrick and Fardo ⁰́₃ as a framework. Both new books have been structured using the same basic sequence and organization of the textbook as previous editions. This book has been expanded to 22 chapters, further simplifying content and providing a more comprehensive coverage of fundamental content. The content has been continually updated and revised through new editions and by external reviewers throughout the years. Additional quality checks to ensure technical accuracy, clarity and coverage of content have always been an area of focus. Each edition of the text has been improved through the following features: 1. Improved and updated text content 2. Improved usage of illustrations and photos 3. Use of color to add emphasis and clarify content.

Note: Preface xi Acknowledgments xiii List of Figures xv List of Tables xxxv List of Abbreviations xxxvii 1 Semiconductor Fundamentals 1 1.1 Atomic Theory 2 1.2 Atom Bonding 14 1.3 Insulators, Semiconductors, and Conductors 20 1.4 Semiconductor Materials 24 2 P⁰́₃N Junction Diodes 39 2.1 P⁰́₃N Junction Diode Construction 40 2.2 Junction Biasing 44 2.3 Diode Characteristics 51 2.4 Diode Specifications 59 2.5 Troubleshooting Diodes 66 2.6 Diode Schematic Symbol 66 3 Zener Diodes 85 3.1 Crystal Structure and Symbol 86 3.2 Zener Characteristics 89 3.3 Zener Current Ratings 93 3.4 Analyze and test a Zener diode. 98 3.5 Problems 102 4 Power Supply Circuits 107 4.1 Transformers 108 4.2 Rectifier 113 4.3 Filters 126 4.4 Voltage Regulators 136 4.5 Dual Power Supplies 145 4.6 Clippers, Clampers, and Voltage Multipliers 147 5 Special Semiconductor Diodes 167 5.1 Tunnel Diodes 168 5.2 Varactor Diodes 178 5.3 Miscellaneous Diodes 184 6 Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) 199 6.1 BJT Construction 200 6.2 BJT Operation 207 6.3 BJT Characteristics 215 6.4 Testing BJTs 224 6.5 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ BJTs 232 7 Bipolar Transistor Amplification 241 7.1 Amplification Principles 243 7.2 Basic BJT Amplifiers 246 7.3 Load-Line Analysis 261 7.4 Transistor Circuit Configurations 272 7.5 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ Amplifier Circuits 278 8 Field-Effect Transistors ⁸́₂ (FETs) 289 8.1 Junction Field-Effect Transistors 290 8.2 JFET Characteristic Curves 294 8.3 Metal-Oxide Semiconductor FETs 302 8.4 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ Field-Effect Transistors 316 9 Field-Effect Transistor Amplifiers 333 9.1 FET Biasing Methods 334 9.2 FET Circuit Configurations 340 9.3 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ JFET Amplifiers 345 10 Amplifying Systems 351 10.1 Amplifying System Basics 353 10.2 Amplifier Coupling 367 10.3 Input and Output Transducers 375 10.4 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ Amplifying Systems 382 11 Power Amplifiers 393 11.1 Single-Ended Power Amplifiers 394 11.2 Push ⁰́₃ Pull Power Amplifiers 399 11.3 Complementary-Symmetry Power Amplifiers 408 11.4 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ Power Amplifiers 412 12 Thyristors 419 12.1 Silicon Controlled Rectifiers 421 12.2 Triacs 435 12.3 Diacs 447 12.4 Unijunction Transistors 453 12.5 Programmable Unijunction Transistors 461 12.6 Gate Turn-Off Thyristors 468 13 Optoelectronic Devices 511 13.1 The Nature of Light 513 13.2 Radiation Sources 521 13.3 Optoelectronic Detectors 532 13.4 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ Optoelectronic Systems 549 14 Integrated Circuits 581 14.1 IC Construction 582 14.2 Linear ICs 593 14.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of ICs 599 15 Operational Amplifiers (Op-amps) 609 15.1 Introduction to the Op-amp 610 15.2 Inside the Op-amp 615 15.3 Op-amp Characteristics 625 15.4 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ Operational Amplifiers 635 16 Linear Op-amp Circuits 649 16.1 Inverting Amplifier 650 16.2 Noninverting Amplifiers 656 16.3 Summing Amplifiers 658 16.4 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ Linear Op-amps 663 17 Specialized Op-amps and Integrated Circuits 671 17.1 Controlled Voltage and Current Sources 672 17.2 Converters 678 17.3 Comparators 682 17.4 Integrators 688 17.5 Differentiators 693 17.6 Precision Rectifiers 696 17.7 Instrumentation Amplifiers 698 17.8 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ Specialized Op-amp Circuits 703 18 Voltage Regulator Circuits 715 18.1 Voltage Regulation 717 18.2 Linear Voltage Regulators ⁰́₃ Series and Shunt 724 18.3 Switching Voltage Regulators ⁰́₃ Step-Down and Step-Up 736 18.4 IC Voltage Regulators 743 18.5 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ Voltage Regulators 758 19 Filter Circuits 769 19.1 Filter Circuits 770 19.2 Filter Circuit Power and Voltage Gain 781 19.3 Resonant Circuits 791 19.4 Active Filters 800 19.5 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ Filter Circuits 808 20 Oscillator Circuits 819 20.1 Oscillator Fundamentals 820 20.2 Feedback Oscillators 832 20.3 Relaxation Oscillators 847 20.4 Analysis and Troubleshooting ⁰́₃ Oscillator Circuits 864 21 Radio Frequency (RF) Communication Systems 877 21.1 RF Communication Systems 879 21.2 Continuous-Wave Communication 886 21.3 Amplitude Modulation Communication 901 21.4 Frequency Modulation Communication 917 21.5 Troubleshooting RF Communication Circuits 929 22 Communications System Applications 941 22.1 Television Communication Systems 942 22.2 Digital Communication Systems 964 23 Digital Electronic Systems 983 23.1 Digital Systems 985 23.2 Digital Logic Circuits 999 23.3 Flip-Flops 1007 23.4 Digital Counters 1016 Index 1029 About the Authors 1037.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1201/9781003393139

URL: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781003393139