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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing AG,
    UID:
    almahu_9949516044102882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (383 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783030233921
    Serie: The Urban Book Series
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Introduction -- 1 Modernist Housing Estates in the Baltic Countries: Formation, Current Challenges and Future Prospects -- Abstract -- 1.1 Introduction -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Context and Vision -- 2 A Turbulent Political History and the Legacy of State Socialism in the Baltic Countries -- Abstract -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Long Road to Nation-Statehood, Loss and Restoration of Independence -- 2.3 Socio-Economic Development -- 2.4 Demographic Development, Urbanisation and Ethnic Composition -- 2.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 3 The Rise and Demise of the Soviet-Made Housing Shortage in the Baltic Countries -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Nationalisation and Market Suppression -- 3.3 An Underurbanisation Crisis -- 3.4 Housing Construction -- 3.5 Housing Tenure -- 3.6 Housing Allocation -- 3.7 Housing Construction in Soviet Daugavpils -- 3.8 Housing Allocation in Soviet Daugavpils -- 3.9 Conclusion -- References -- 4 The Exceptional Design of Large Housing Estates in the Baltic Countries -- Abstract -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 A New Type of Apartment Building and a New Type of Soviet Neighbourhood -- 4.3 Prefabricated Mass Housing and Microrayons Are Introduced to the Baltic Republics -- 4.4 Experimental Design: The Growth of Local Expertise and the Role of Architects -- 4.5 Nordic Influence -- 4.6 Recipients of Architectural Excellence Awards: Žirmūnai, Lazdynai and Väike-Õismäe -- 4.6.1 Žirmūnai -- 4.6.2 Lazdynai -- 4.6.3 Väike-Õismäe -- 4.7 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5 Baltic Crossings: Soviet Housing Estates and Dreams of Forest-Suburbs -- Abstract -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Addressing Persistent Housing Demand -- 5.3 From Mikrorayons to Grand Ensembles to Paper Architecture -- 5.4 Crossing the Baltic Sea. , 5.5 Variations in Standardisation -- 5.6 Finnish Influences on Estonian Multifamily Housing -- 5.7 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- 6 Mass Housing and Extensive Urbanism in the Baltic Countries and Central/Eastern Europe: A Comparative Overview -- Abstract -- 6.1 Mass Housing in the Baltics and the USSR: A Contextual Overview -- 6.2 The Satellite States: From Dissidence to Decomposition -- 6.3 Housing Architecture in the Satellite States -- 6.4 Divergences from Orthodox Modernism -- 6.5 Socialist Exceptions: Mass Housing in Romania and Yugoslavia -- 6.6 The 'Ongoing Revolution': Self-management and Monumentality in Yugoslavia -- 6.7 Novi Beograd: Planning by 'Blok' -- 6.8 Conclusion -- References -- Housing the Masses: Establishing Socialist-Modernist Housing Estates in the Baltic Countries -- 7 Architectural Transcendence in Soviet-Era Housing: Evidence from Socialist Residential Districts in Tallinn, Estonia -- Abstract -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Mikrorayons: Centrepieces of Socialist Urban Form -- 7.2.1 The Role of Socialist Architects in City Planning -- 7.3 Research Strategy -- 7.4 An Ensemble of Mid-Twentieth Century of Housing Estates in Tallinn, Estonia -- 7.4.1 Mustamäe: A Cautious Test of Socialist Residential Planning Principles -- 7.4.2 Väike-Õismäe: Aerial Architecture in a 1970s Makrorayon -- 7.4.3 Lasnamäe: Soviet Megalomania, Built to Only Half Completion -- 7.5 Challenges and Opportunities in Large Housing Estates in Soviet Estonia -- 7.5.1 International Knowledge Inspires Architects of Large Housing Estates -- 7.5.2 Architects in Estonia Maintain a Consistently Strong Role in Town Planning Practice -- 7.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Socialist Ideals and Physical Reality: Large Housing Estates in Riga, Latvia -- Abstract -- 8.1 Introduction. , 8.2 Social and Economic Context of Housing Development in the USSR -- 8.3 The Development of Riga -- 8.4 Physical Organisation of Large Housing Estates -- 8.5 Eras of Residential Development -- 8.6 Current Tendencies and Future Challenges -- 8.7 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Living in a Large Housing Estate: Insider Perspectives from Lithuania -- Abstract -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Data Collection -- 9.3 Acquiring a New Apartment -- 9.4 Moving In -- 9.5 Deficiencies -- 9.6 Neighbours -- 9.7 Daily Life -- 9.8 Comparisons and Evaluation -- 9.9 Temporal Dimensions -- 9.10 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Exploring the Socio-Demographic and Ethnic Characteristics of Previous and Current Housing Estate Dwellers -- 10 Socio-economic and Ethnic Trajectories of Housing Estates in Tallinn, Estonia -- Abstract -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Methods and Data -- 10.3 Urban and Housing Policy Conditions for Spatial Change in Housing Estates -- 10.4 Socio-economic and Ethnic Trajectories of Neighbourhoods -- 10.5 Discussion and Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 11 Residential Change and Socio-demographic Challenges for Large Housing Estates in Riga, Latvia -- Abstract -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Setting the Scene: Socio-economic and Spatial Transformation in Riga -- 11.3 Data and Methods -- 11.4 Soviet-Era Housing Estates in Riga -- 11.5 Demographic, Ethnic and Socio-economic Trajectories of Large Housing Estates in Riga -- 11.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 12 Soviet Housing Estates in Vilnius, Lithuania: Socio-ethnic Structure and Future(-Less?) Perspectives -- Abstract -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Soviet Housing Estates and the Housing Structure of Vilnius -- 12.3 Brief Overview of Previous Studies -- 12.4 Data and Methods -- 12.5 Socio-ethnic Differentiation and Trajectories of Change in Vilnius. , 12.5.1 Ethnic Structure -- 12.5.2 Age Structure -- 12.5.3 Educational Attainment -- 12.5.4 Occupational Structure -- 12.6 Detailed Spatial Level Analysis: Socio-ethnic Composition in 2011 -- 12.6.1 Ethnic Structure -- 12.6.2 Age Structure -- 12.6.3 Educational and Occupational Structure -- 12.7 Individual-Level Analysis: Social Dimensions of Ethnic Differentiation in Soviet-Era Apartments -- 12.8 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Complexities of Built Environments in Housing Estates -- 13 Incomplete Service Networks in Enduring Socialist Housing Estates: Retrospective Evidence from Local Centres in Estonia -- Abstract -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Planned Residential Districts in Socialist Cities -- 13.3 Service Networks Offer Function and Convenience -- 13.4 Service Networks Fall Short of Promises -- 13.5 Väike-Õismäe-An Unfinished Macrorayon -- 13.5.1 The Mikrorayon Takes Shape as a Planning Unit -- 13.5.2 From Mikrorayon to Makrorayon: Initial Planning Task for Väike-Õismäe -- 13.5.3 Planned Service Network of the 1968 Detailed Plan -- 13.5.4 The 1974 Revision of Väike-Õismäe Detailed Plan and the Construction Process -- 13.5.5 Debates About Socialist Urbanism in the 1970s -- 13.5.6 An Incomplete Residential Area Wins the Soviet State Architectural Prize -- 13.5.7 Väike-Õismäe Service Networks After the System Change -- 13.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 14 Collectivist Ideals and Soviet Consumer Spaces: Mikrorayon Commercial Centres in Vilnius, Lithuania and Tallinn, Estonia -- Abstract -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 From Neighbourhood Planning and ABC Towns to Soviet Mikrorayon Centres -- 14.2.1 Mikrorayon Centres in Vilnius-From Žirmūnai to Šeškinė -- 14.3 ABC Centres in Mustamäe and Other Housing Estates in Tallinn -- 14.4 Conclusion: Mikrorayon Centres Function as Soviet Consumer Spaces -- Acknowledgements -- References. , Literature in Cyrillic Script -- Archival Materials -- 15 Between Community and Private Ownership in Centrally Planned Residential Space: Governing Parking in Socialist Housing Estates -- Abstract -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Centrally Managed Housing Estates: Vehicular Mobility Restriction Plans -- 15.3 Governing Housing Estates Through FOAs: The Challenges of Parking -- 15.4 Three Measures of Intervention in Parking in Housing Estates -- 15.5 Conclusion -- 15.6 List of Interviews -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Imagining the Future Lives of Housing Estates -- 16 State-Subsidised Refurbishment of Socialist Apartment Buildings in Estonia -- Abstract -- 16.1 Refurbishment Motivators -- 16.2 Estonian Apartment Building Stock -- 16.3 Energy Efficiency and the Current Technical State of Estonian Apartment Building Stock -- 16.4 Refurbishment Grant Schemes in Estonia -- 16.5 The Economic Impact Involved in Refurbishment Work on Apartment Buildings-National Economic Impact -- 16.6 The Impact upon Households of Refurbishment Work -- 16.7 Refurbishment Bottlenecks -- 16.8 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 17 Retrofitting Soviet-Era Apartment Buildings with 'Smart City' Features: The H2020 SmartEnCity Project in Tartu, Estonia -- Abstract -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 The Smart City Approach -- 17.3 Retrofitting the SmartEnCity Housing Estate Districts in Tartu -- 17.3.1 Overview of the SmartEnCity Project in Tartu -- 17.3.2 Retrofit Plans for Apartment Buildings -- 17.3.3 SmartEnCity Stakeholders -- 17.4 Social Considerations of the SmartEnCity Project -- 17.5 Discussion and Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Index.
    Weitere Ausg.: Print version: Hess, Daniel Baldwin Housing Estates in the Baltic Countries Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2019 ISBN 9783030233914
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books. ; Electronic books ; Case studies ; Edited volumes
    URL: Full-text  ((OIS Credentials Required))
    URL: FULL
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing AG,
    UID:
    almahu_9949708064902882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (242 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783031388941
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Disclaimer and Conflict of Interest -- Funding -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Author -- List of Figures -- Chapter 1: PeaceTech World -- 1.1 PeaceTech in Action -- 1.1.1 Seán -- 1.1.2 Paul -- 1.1.3 Atem -- 1.1.4 Aker -- 1.1.5 Nick -- 1.2 Introducing PeaceTech -- 1.3 About This Book -- 1.4 Book Structure -- References -- Part I: What Is PeaceTech? -- Chapter 2: PeaceTech: What Is It? -- 2.1 Legacies -- 2.2 Defining PeaceTech -- 2.3 What Is Digital Innovation? -- 2.4 What Is Peacebuilding? -- 2.5 The Problem With Definitions -- 2.6 Peacebuilding Ripples -- 2.7 PeaceTech and Ending Wars -- References -- Chapter 3: PeaceTech Technologies -- 3.1 Running Hard to Stand Still -- 3.2 What Are the Key New PeaceTech Technologies? -- 3.3 The Fourth Industrial Revolution -- 3.4 Key PeaceTech Technologies -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: PeaceTech Drivers -- 4.1 Locating PeaceTech -- 4.2 Humanitarian and Development Tech Initiatives -- 4.3 CyberSecurity and SecTech -- 4.4 WarTech? -- 4.5 Drivers of Digital Innovation: Value -- 4.6 Drivers of PeaceTech -- 4.6.1 Creativity-at-work -- 4.6.2 'Shiny' ('Now I'll eat you, so prepare your final plea') -- 4.6.3 It Is Lower Risk to Fund -- 4.6.4 Evidence-Based Approaches to Intervention -- 4.6.5 Global Southern-Based 'Needs Must' -- 4.6.6 Supporting More Inclusive Peace Processes -- 4.6.7 Covid Effect -- 4.7 Disruption of Peacebuilding Practice -- References -- Chapter 5: Double Disruption -- 5.1 There's This Trick With a Knife I'm Learning to Do -- 5.2 Disruption -- 5.3 'Change Everything Except Your Wife and Kids' -- 5.4 PeaceTech and Disruption -- 5.5 Double Disruption -- 5.6 A Potted History of Peace Processes -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Doing PeaceTech -- Chapter 6: PeaceTech Ecosystem -- 6.1 Who Does PeaceTech? -- 6.1.1 Observe First, the Collective Story. , 6.1.2 Observe Each Story -- 6.2 Local Peacebuilders -- 6.3 International Peacebuilders -- 6.4 Private Companies and Philanthropy -- 6.5 Universities -- 6.6 PeaceTech Funders -- 6.7 PeaceTech 'Enablers and Connectors' -- 6.8 United Nations -- 6.8.1 UN Policy Direction: Digital Transformation -- 6.8.2 UN Digital Innovation Cell, UN Department of Political and Peacekeeping Affairs -- 6.8.3 Peacekeeping and Political Missions -- 6.8.4 Other Peace-Related Departments and Digital Innovation -- 6.9 The Ecosystem -- 6.10 A Word About Ecosystems -- 6.11 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Doing One Thing -- 7.1 Journeys and Single Steps -- 7.2 Ceasefires in a Pandemic -- 7.3 UN Secretary General's Global Ceasefire Call -- 7.4 Rapid Ceasefire 'Data' -- 7.5 The Covid Ceasefires Tracker -- 7.5.1 Creating a Dataset -- 7.5.2 Iterative Design and Co-creating with End Users -- 7.5.3 Reuse and Repurpose: Future-proofing All Tools -- 7.5.4 Funding -- 7.5.5 Ceasefire Tracker Outcomes: Quick Evaluation -- 7.5.6 Doing PeaceTech: Covid Tracker Lessons -- 7.6 The PeaceFem App Story -- 7.6.1 PeaceFem-What Is It? -- 7.6.2 Doing PeaceTech: PeaceFem Lessons -- 7.6.3 PeaceFem Outcomes: Quick Evaluation -- 7.7 Work Flows -- 7.8 Using the PeaceTech Ecosystem -- References -- Chapter 8: PeaceTech as Hack -- 8.1 Task-Based Digital Innovation -- 8.2 Peacebuilding Tasks -- 8.3 'One Thing' Digital Technologies -- 8.4 Peace Tech Value-Added -- 8.5 'Ad hoc-ery'-Good or Bad? -- 8.5.1 PeaceTech as Retro-fitting -- 8.5.2 PeaceTech as Modularization -- 8.5.3 Hacks as Experimental Response to Disruption -- 8.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Conflict Early Warning Systems -- 9.1 I Predict a Riot -- 9.2 Conflict Early Warning Systems: What Are They? -- 9.3 From EWS to CEWS -- 9.4 Who Do CEWS Alert? -- 9.5 CEWS in Practice -- 9.6 Variation in CEWS. , 9.6.1 How Early Is the Early? Variation in Time Horizons -- 9.6.2 Who Are the 'Decision-Makers'? -- 9.7 Digital Innovation and CEWS -- 9.7.1 Innovation in Data and Data Analytics -- 9.7.2 Innovation in Data Gathering Tools -- 9.7.3 Innovation in Statistical Techniques -- 9.7.4 Innovation in Technology of Communication of Risk -- 9.8 What Does It Take for a CEWS to Work? -- 9.9 New Generation CEWS: Hocus-pocus Tech? -- 9.10 Predicting Peace-Peace Early Warning Systems? -- References -- Chapter 10: Peace and Space -- 10.1 War and Peace -- 10.2 New Capacities -- 10.3 Embracing Failure: To Boldly Go -- 10.4 Geographical Information Systems, Geocoding, and Remote-Sensing -- 10.5 Space, Conflict and Peace -- 10.6 Geocoding -- 10.6.1 Conflict Data -- 10.6.2 Reporting -- 10.6.3 Geocoding Spatial Imagery -- 10.6.4 Geo-coding Peace? -- 10.7 Risks of GIS -- 10.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Peace Analytics -- 11.1 Searching for Political Imagination -- 11.2 Emergent Peace Analytics -- 11.3 PA-X Peace Agreement Database -- 11.4 Peace Process Data -- 11.5 PA-X Extension -- 11.6 Data Interoperability -- 11.7 Research and Development for Peace Analytics -- 11.8 'Peace Analytics' -- 11.9 Challenges of Data Development -- 11.9.1 Software Choices -- 11.9.2 Staffing and Environment -- 11.10 End-Users of Peace Analytics -- 11.11 What Does 'Peace Analytics' Help Us to Do? -- 11.12 Where Next? -- 11.13 Peace Analytics and Double Disruption -- 11.14 Conclusion -- References -- Part III: PeaceTech Challenges -- Chapter 12: Doing PeaceTech -- 12.1 Learning Through Doing -- 12.2 Why Digital Transformations Fail -- 12.3 When to Do Something -- 12.4 Shiny-Beware! -- 12.5 Scope Versus Usability -- 12.6 Know and Collaborate With 'End-Users' -- 12.7 Making Good Tech Choices -- 12.8 Building Digital Team Capacity -- 12.9 Sustainability in All Decisions. , 12.10 Design to Future-Proof -- 12.11 Returning Data and Feedback Loops -- 12.12 Learn From the Local -- 12.13 Complicated Issues -- References -- Chapter 13: Ethics and Morals -- 13.1 PeaceTech WarTech Interfaces -- 13.2 Unpicking Ethical Concerns -- 13.3 Ethical and Moral Concerns -- 13.4 Impact Concerns: Ethics, Harm and Data Protection -- 13.4.1 Ethical and Data Protection Frameworks -- 13.4.2 Research or Intelligence? -- 13.4.3 CyberWar Risks -- 13.4.4 Dual Use Restrictions -- 13.4.5 Risk to Peace Processes: Too Much Knowing -- 13.4.6 'Do No Harm' Frameworks -- 13.5 Process Concerns: Ethical Design -- 13.6 Techno-Moral Principles -- 13.7 Emergent Responsive Standards -- 13.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 14: PeaceTech Futures -- 14.1 A PeaceTech Hype-Cycle Audit -- 14.2 Peace Analytics -- 14.3 PeaceTech Manifesto -- References -- Authorities (Legal and Related) -- Cases -- Constitutions -- Peace and Transition Agreements -- UN Resolutions -- Websites Referred To -- References -- Index.
    Weitere Ausg.: Print version: Bell, Christine PeaceTech: Digital Transformation to End Wars Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2024 ISBN 9783031388934
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 3
    UID:
    almahu_9948191792202882
    Umfang: XII, 451 S. 315 Abb. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 2nd ed. 2003.
    ISBN: 9783322940544
    Serie: Teubner Studienbücher Bauwesen
    Inhalt: Zentrales Anliegen des Buches ist eine widerspruchsfreie Grundlagenvermittlung. Nach der dem neuesten Stand der Wissenschaft entsprechenden Beschreibung der Baustoffeigenschaften wird das Sicherheitskonzept vorgestellt und die Beanspruchung aus Last und Zwang charakterisiert. Die beiden Autoren beschreiben nach Erörterung von Kraftfluss in Stahlbetonteilen die einzelnen Bemessungsmodelle im Gebrauchs- und Bruchzustand und liefern die Begründung für die konstruktive Durchbildung der Bauteile. In einzelnen Schritten wird an einem konkreten Gebäude die Ingenieurarbeit veranschaulicht. Besonderen Wert legen die Autoren auf die Erläuterung der zweckmäßigen Systemwahl zur Beschreibung des Bauwerksverhaltens, damit die Leser so Einblicke in das Vorgehen eines Ingenieurs gewinnen können.
    Anmerkung: 1 Bauwerke aus Stahlbeton -- 1.1 Gliederung der Bauwerkstypen -- 1.2 Überführung eines Bauwerks in ein Tragwerk -- 2 Ausgangsstoffe des Stahlbetons -- 2.1 Beton -- 2.2 Betonstahl -- 2.3 Verbundgesetze und Mitwirkung des Betons zwischen den Rissen -- 3 Einwirkungen auf Bauwerke -- 3.1 Lasteinwirkungen -- 3.2 Verformungseinwirkungen -- 3.3 Mechanische Klassifikation der Einwirkungen -- 3.4 Lastannahmen in Deutschen und Europäischen Normen -- 4 Sicherheitskonzept und Nachweiskonzept -- 4.1 Definition der Grenzzustände -- 4.2 Sicherheitstheorie -- 4.3 Nachweisformat nach DIN 1045-1 -- 5 Schnittgrößenermittlung -- 5.1 Tragwerksidealisierung -- 5.2 Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Schnittgrößen -- 5.3 Definition der Schnittgrößenumlagerung -- 5.4 Ermittlung der Schnittgrößen nach DIN 1045-1 -- 6 Verhalten von Stahlbetonbauteilen -- 6.1 Verhalten von Stahlbetonstäben -- 6.2 Verhalten von Stahlbetonbalken -- 7 Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit -- 7.1 Rechenmodelle und Annahmen -- 7.2 Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit infolge Biegung mit Normalkraft -- 7.3 Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit infolge Querkraft -- 7.4 Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit infolge Torsion -- 7.5 Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit beeinflusst durch Tragwerksverf -- 8 Grenzzustände der Gebrauchstauglichkeit -- 8.1 Begrenzung der Stahl- und Betonspannung -- 8.2 Begrenzung der Durchbiegung -- 8.3 Beschränkung der Rissbreiten -- 8.4 Verformungseinwirkung im Gebrauchszustand -- 9 Diskontinuitätsbereiche -- 9.1 Stabwerkmodelle -- 9.2 Öffnungen in Trägern -- 9.3 Lasteinleitungsbereiche -- 9.4 Konsolen -- 9.5 Indirekte Lagerungen -- 9.6 Ausklinkungen -- 9.7 Rahmenecken und Rahmenknoten -- 9.8 Krümmungen -- 9.9 Höhenversprünge an Balken -- 9.10 Trapezträger -- 9.11 Teilflächenbelastung -- 10 Platten -- 10.1 Theorie -- 10.2 Abgrenzung und Einteilung von Platten -- 10.3 Einachsig gespannte Platten -- 10.4 Mehrachsig gespannte Platten -- 10.5 Punktförmig gelagerte Platten -- 10.6 Öffnungen in Platten -- 10.7 Unterbrochene Stützung -- 10.8 Konstruktive Durchbildung von Platten -- 11 Scheiben und wandartige Träger -- 11.1 Wandartige Einfeldträger -- 11.2 Wandartige Mehrfeldträger -- 11.3 Scheibe unter horizontaler Belastung -- 11.4 Die Finite-Elemente-Methode -- 12 Konstruktive Durchbildung -- 12.1 Verankerungslängen -- 12.2 Stöße -- 12.3 Zugkraftdeckung -- 12.4 Querkraft- und Torsionsbewehrung -- 12.5 Sonstige Konstruktionsregeln -- 12.6 Bewehrung stabförmiger Bauteile -- Symbole und Abkürzungen.
    In: Springer eBooks
    Weitere Ausg.: Printed edition: ISBN 9783519102168
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Schlagwort(e): Lehrbuch ; Lehrbuch
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 4
    Buch
    Buch
    New York ; London :The Guilford Press,
    UID:
    almafu_BV048486038
    Umfang: xiv, 546 Seiten : , Diagramme ; , 254 mm.
    Ausgabe: Second edition
    ISBN: 978-1-4625-4986-3
    Serie: Methodology in the Social Sciences
    Inhalt: The most user-friendly and authoritative resource on missing data has been completely revised to make room for the latest developments that make handling missing data more effective. The second edition includes new methods based on factored regressions, newer model-based imputation strategies, and innovations in Bayesian analysis. State-of-the-art technical literature on missing data is translated into accessible guidelines for applied researchers and graduate students. The second edition takes an even, three-pronged approach to maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), Bayesian estimation as an alternative to MLE, and multiple imputation. Consistently organized chapters explain the rationale and procedural details for each technique and illustrate the analyses with engaging worked-through examples on such topics as young adult smoking, employee turnover, and chronic pain. The companion website (www.appliedmissingdata.com) includes datasets and analysis examples from the book, up-to-date software information, and other resources.New to This Edition*Expanded coverage of Bayesian estimation, including a new chapter on incomplete categorical variables.*New chapters on factored regressions, model-based imputation strategies, multilevel missing data-handling methods, missing not at random analyses, and other timely topics.*Presents cutting-edge methods developed since the 2010 first edition; includes dozens of new data analysis examples.*Most of the book is entirely new.
    Anmerkung: References S. 493-517, Author Index S. 519-528, Subject Index S. 529-545 , 1. Introduction to Missing Data; 1.1 Chapter Overview; 1.2 Missing Data Patterns; 1.3 Missing Data Mechanisms; 1.4 Diagnosing Missing Data Mechanisms; 1.5 Auxiliary Variables; 1.6 Analysis Example: Preparing for Missing Data Handling; 1.7 Older Missing Data Methods; 1.8 Comparing Missing Data Methods via Simulation; 1.9 Planned Missing Data; 1.10 Power Analyses for Planned Missingness Designs; 1.11 Summary and Recommended Readings; 2.- , Maximum Likelihood Estimation; 2.1 Chapter Overview; 2.2 Probability Distributions versus Likelihood Functions; 2.3 The Univariate Normal Distribution; 2.4 Estimating Unknown Parameters; 2.5 Getting an Analytic Solution; 2.6 Estimating Standard Errors; 2.7 Information Matrix and Parameter Covariance Matrix; 2.8 Alternative Approaches to Estimating Standard Errors; 2.9 Iterative Optimization Algorithms; 2.10 Linear Regression; 2.11 Significance Tests; 2.12 Multivariate Normal Data; 2.13 Categorical Outcomes: Logistic and Probit Regression; 2.14 Summary and Recommended Readings; 3.- , Maximum Likelihood Estimation with Missing Data; 3.1 Chapter Overview; 3.2 The Multivariate Normal Distribution Revisited; 3.3 How Do Incomplete Data Records Help?; 3.4 Standard Errors with Incomplete Data; 3.5 The Expectation Maximization Algorithm; 3.6 Linear Regression; 3.7 Significance Testing; 3.8 Interaction Effects; 3.9 Curvilinear Effects; 3.10 Auxiliary Variables; 3.11 Categorical Outcomes; 3.12 Summary and Recommended Readings; 4. Bayesian Estimation; 4.1 Chapter Overview; 4.2 What Makes Bayesian Statistics Different?; 4.3 Conceptual Overview of Bayesian Estimation; 4.4 Bayes’ Theorem; 4.5 The Univariate Normal Distribution; 4.6 MCMC Estimation with the Gibbs Sampler; 4.7 Estimating the Mean and Variance with MCMC; 4.8 Linear Regression; 4.9 Assessing Convergence of the Gibbs Sampler; 4.10 Multivariate Normal Data; 4.11 Summary and Recommended Readings; 5.- , Bayesian Estimation with Missing Data; 5.1 Chapter Overview; 5.2 Imputing an Incomplete Outcome Variable; 5.3 Linear Regression; 5.4 Interaction Effects; 5.5 Inspecting Imputations; 5.6 The Metropolis–Hastings Algorithm; 5.7 Curvilinear Effects; 5.8 Auxiliary Variables; 5.9 Multivariate Normal Data; 5.10 Summary and Recommended Readings; 6. Bayesian Estimation for Categorical Variables; 6.1 Chapter Overview; 6.2 Latent Response Formulation for Categorical Variables; 6.3 Regression with a Binary Outcome; 6.4 Regression with an Ordinal Outcome; 6.5 Binary and Ordinal Predictor Variables; 6.6 Latent Response Formulation for Nominal Variables; 6.7 Regression with a Nominal Outcome; 6.8 Nominal Predictor Variables; 6.9 Logistic Regression; 6.10 Summary and Recommended Readings; 7.- , Multiple Imputation; 7.1 Chapter Overview; 7.2 Agnostic versus Model-Based Multiple Imputation; 7.3 Joint Model Imputation; 7.4 Fully Conditional Specification; 7.5 Analyzing Multiply-Imputed Data Sets; 7.6 Pooling Parameter Estimates; 7.7 Pooling Standard Errors; 7.8 Test Statistic and Confidence Intervals; 7.9 When Might Multiple Imputation Give Different Answers?; 7.10 Interaction and Curvilinear Effects Revisited; 7.11 Model-Based Imputation; 7.12 Multivariate Significance Tests; 7.13 Summary and Recommended Readings; 8. Multilevel Missing Data; 8.1 Chapter Overview; 8.2 Random Intercept Regression Models; 8.3 Random Coefficient Models; 8.4 Multilevel Interaction Effects; 8.5 Three-Level Models; 8.6 Multiple Imputation; 8.7 Joint Model Imputation; 8.8 Fully Conditional Specification Imputation; 8.9 Maximum Likelihood Estimation; 8.10 Summary and Recommended Readings; 9.- , Missing Not at Random Processes; 9.1 Chapter Overview; 9.2 Missing Not at Random Processes Revisited; 9.3 Major Modeling Frameworks; 9.4 Selection Models for Multiple Regression; 9.5 Model Comparisons and Individual Influence Diagnostics; 9.6 Selection Model Analysis Examples; 9.7 Pattern Mixture Models for Multiple Regression; 9.8 Pattern Mixture Model Analysis Examples; 9.9 Longitudinal Data Analyses; 9.10 Diggle–Kenward Selection Model; 9.11 Shared Parameter (Random Coefficient) Selection Model; 9.12 Random Coefficient Pattern Mixture Models; 9.13 Longitudinal Data Analysis Examples; 9.14 Summary and Recommended Readings; 10.- , Special Topics and Applications; 10.1 Chapter Overview; 10.2 Descriptive Summaries, Correlations, and Subgroups; 10.3 Non-Normal Predictor Variables; 10.4 Non-Normal Outcome Variables; 10.5 Mediation and Indirect Effects; 10.6 Structural Equation Models; 10.7 Scale Scores and Missing Questionnaire Items; 10.8 Interactions with Scales; 10.9 Longitudinal Data Analyses; 10.10 Regression with a Count Outcome; 10.11 Power Analyses for Growth Models with Missing Data; 10.12 Summary and Recommended Readings; 11. Wrap-Up; 11.1 Chapter Overview; 11.2 Choosing a Missing Data-Handling Procedure; 11.3 Software Landscape; 11.4 Reporting Results from a Missing Data Analysis; 11.5 Final Thoughts and Recommended Readings; Appendix. Data Set Descriptions; Author Index; Subject Index; About the Author;
    Sprache: Englisch
    Fachgebiete: Psychologie , Soziologie
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Sozialwissenschaften ; Statistik ; Methodologie ; Fehlende Daten ; Datenauswertung
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Singapore :Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,
    UID:
    almahu_9949319996302882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (479 pages)
    ISBN: 9789811679452
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Acknowledgment -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Cancer Profile in the Arab World: An Overview -- 1.3 Cancer Risk Factors -- 1.4 Current Circumstantial Analysis -- 1.5 Oncology Care in the Arab World -- 1.5.1 Role of Cancer Registries -- 1.5.2 Functionality of Oncology Societies in the Arab Region -- 1.6 Cancer Control Framework Recommendations -- 1.7 Cancer in the Arab World Book -- 1.7.1 Book Structure -- 1.8 Closing the Gaps in the Cancer Care System -- 1.9 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 2: General Oncology Care in Algeria -- 2.1 Algeria Demographics -- 2.2 Cancer Statistics in Algeria -- 2.2.1 Cancer Incidence in Algeria -- 2.3 Oncology Care in Algeria -- 2.3.1 National Cancer Control Plan 2015-2019 -- 2.4 Cancer Risk Factors -- 2.5 Cancer Screening Programs -- 2.5.1 Cervical Cancer -- 2.5.2 Breast Cancer -- 2.5.3 Colorectal Cancer -- 2.5.4 Prostate Cancer -- 2.6 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 2.7 Cancer Diagnosis -- 2.8 Treatment -- 2.8.1 Medical Oncology -- 2.8.2 Radiation Therapy -- 2.8.3 Surgery -- 2.8.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 2.8.5 Survivorship Track -- 2.8.6 Palliative Care Track -- 2.9 Research and Education -- 2.9.1 Clinical Trials and Research -- 2.9.2 Scientific Publications -- 2.9.3 Training and Education -- 2.9.4 Paramedical Training -- 2.10 Cost Effective Cancer Care -- 2.11 Challenges and Advantages -- 2.11.1 Access to Innovative Treatments -- 2.11.2 Cancer Care -- 2.12 The Future of Cancer Care in Algeria -- 2.13 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: General Oncology Care in Bahrain -- 3.1 Bahrain Demographics -- 3.2 Cancer Statistics in Bahrain -- 3.3 Oncology Care in Bahrain -- 3.4 Cancer Risk Factors -- 3.5 Cancer Screening Programs -- 3.6 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 3.7 Cancer Diagnosis -- 3.8 Treatment -- 3.8.1 Medical Oncology. , 3.8.2 Radiation Therapy -- 3.8.3 Surgery -- 3.8.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 3.8.5 Survivorship Track -- 3.8.6 Palliative Care Track -- 3.9 Research and Education -- 3.9.1 National Tumor Board (NTB) -- 3.10 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 3.11 Challenges and Advantages -- 3.12 The Future of Cancer Care in Bahrain -- 3.13 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: General Oncology Care in Egypt -- 4.1 Egypt Demographics -- 4.1.1 Population -- 4.1.2 Regions -- 4.1.3 Economy -- 4.1.4 Government -- 4.1.5 Life Expectancy -- 4.2 Cancer Statistics in Egypt -- 4.3 Oncology Care in Egypt -- 4.3.1 Liver Cancer -- 4.3.2 Breast Cancer -- 4.3.3 Bladder Cancer -- 4.4 Cancer Risk Factors -- 4.4.1 Liver Cancer -- 4.4.2 Bladder Cancer -- 4.5 Cancer Screening Programs -- 4.6 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 4.6.1 Anti-Schistosomiasis Campaigns -- 4.6.2 Anti-HCV and HBV Campaigns -- 4.7 Cancer Diagnosis -- 4.7.1 Imaging -- 4.7.2 Molecular Testing -- 4.7.3 Cytogenetics and Genetic Testing -- 4.8 Treatment -- 4.8.1 Medical Oncology -- 4.8.2 Radiation Therapy -- 4.8.3 Surgery -- 4.8.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 4.8.5 Survivorship Track -- 4.8.6 Palliative Care Track -- 4.9 Research and Education -- 4.10 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 4.11 Challenges and Advantages -- 4.12 The Future of Cancer Care in Egypt -- 4.13 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: General Oncology Care in Iraq -- 5.1 Iraq Demographics -- 5.2 Cancer Statistics in Iraq -- 5.3 Healthcare System in Iraq -- 5.4 Oncology Care in Iraq -- 5.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 5.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 5.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 5.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 5.8.1 Imaging -- 5.8.2 Laboratory -- 5.8.3 Cytogenetic and Molecular Genetics -- 5.9 Treatment -- 5.9.1 Medical and Radiation Oncology -- 5.9.2 Medical Oncology -- 5.9.2.1 Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation -- 5.9.3 Radiation Therapy -- 5.9.4 Surgery. , 5.9.5 Pediatric Oncology -- 5.9.6 Survivorship Track -- 5.9.7 Palliative Care Track -- 5.10 Research and Education -- 5.10.1 Research -- 5.10.1.1 The Iraqi Regional Comparative Breast Cancer Research Project -- 5.10.2 Education and Training -- 5.10.2.1 Local Education and Training -- 5.10.2.2 International Collaborations and Country Program Frameworks -- 5.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 5.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 5.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Iraq -- 5.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: General Oncology Care in Jordan -- 6.1 Jordan Demographics -- 6.2 Cancer Statistics in Jordan -- 6.3 Healthcare System in Jordan -- 6.4 Oncology Care in Jordan -- 6.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 6.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 6.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 6.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 6.9 Treatment -- 6.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 6.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 6.9.3 Surgery -- 6.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 6.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 6.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 6.10 Research and Education -- 6.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 6.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 6.12.1 Medical Tourism in Jordan -- 6.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Jordan -- 6.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: General Oncology Care in Kuwait -- 7.1 Kuwait Demographics -- 7.2 Cancer Statistics in Kuwait -- 7.3 Cancer Risk Factors -- 7.3.1 Part 1: Ubiquitous Risk Factors: Where Does Kuwait Stand? -- 7.3.2 Part 2: Other Kuwait-Specific Risk Factors -- 7.4 Cancer Screening Programs -- 7.5 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 7.6 Cancer Diagnosis -- 7.6.1 Specialized Laboratory Services -- 7.7 Treatment -- 7.7.1 Medical Oncology -- 7.7.1.1 Malignant Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) -- 7.7.2 Radiation Therapy -- 7.7.3 Surgery -- 7.7.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 7.7.5 Survivorship Track -- 7.7.6 Palliative Care Track -- 7.8 Research and Education -- 7.9 Challenges and Advantages. , 7.10 The Future of Cancer Care in Kuwait -- 7.11 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: General Oncology Care in Lebanon -- 8.1 Lebanon Demography -- 8.2 Cancer Statistics in Lebanon -- 8.3 Healthcare System in Lebanon -- 8.4 Oncology Care in Lebanon -- 8.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 8.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 8.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 8.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 8.8.1 Imaging -- 8.8.2 Laboratory -- 8.8.3 Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics -- 8.8.4 Molecular Diagnostics -- 8.9 Treatment -- 8.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 8.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 8.9.3 Surgery -- 8.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 8.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 8.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 8.10 Research and Education -- 8.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 8.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 8.12.1 Facilities Providing Cancer Care -- 8.12.2 Treatment Availability -- 8.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Lebanon -- 8.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: General Oncology Care in Libya -- 9.1 Libya Demographics -- 9.2 Cancer Statistics in Libya -- 9.3 Healthcare System in Libya -- 9.4 Oncology Care in Libya -- 9.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 9.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 9.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 9.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 9.8.1 Imaging -- 9.8.2 Laboratory -- 9.9 Treatment -- 9.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 9.9.1.1 Advanced Treatments -- 9.9.1.2 Bone Marrow Transplantation -- 9.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 9.9.3 Surgery -- 9.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 9.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 9.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 9.10 Research and Education -- 9.10.1 Research -- 9.10.2 Education and Training -- 9.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 9.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 9.12.1 Medical Tourism in Libya -- 9.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Libya -- 9.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: General Oncology Care in Mauritania -- 10.1 Mauritania Demographics -- 10.2 Cancer Statistics in Mauritania. , 10.3 Healthcare System in Mauritania -- 10.4 Oncology Care in Mauritania -- 10.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 10.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 10.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 10.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 10.9 Treatment -- 10.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 10.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 10.9.3 Surgery -- 10.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 10.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 10.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 10.10 Research and Education -- 10.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 10.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 10.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Mauritania -- 10.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: General Oncology Care in Morocco -- 11.1 Morocco Demographics -- 11.2 Cancer Statistics in Morocco -- 11.3 Cancer Risk Factors -- 11.3.1 Tobacco -- 11.3.2 Alcohol -- 11.3.3 Obesity -- 11.3.4 Other Risk Factors -- 11.4 Cancer Screening Programs -- 11.5 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 11.6 Cancer Diagnosis -- 11.7 Treatment -- 11.7.1 Medical Oncology -- 11.7.2 Radiation Therapy -- 11.7.3 Surgery -- 11.7.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 11.7.5 Survivorship Track -- 11.7.6 Palliative Care Track -- 11.8 Research and Education -- 11.8.1 Research -- 11.8.2 Education -- 11.9 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 11.10 Challenges and Advantages -- 11.11 The Future of Cancer Care in Morocco -- 11.11.1 Quality Improvement -- 11.11.2 Information Systems -- 11.12 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: General Oncology Care in Oman -- 12.1 Oman Demographics -- 12.2 Cancer Statistics in Oman -- 12.3 Healthcare System in Oman -- 12.4 Oncology Care in Oman -- 12.4.1 Access to Cancer Care services -- 12.4.2 Multi-sectoral Efforts to Prevent and Control Cancer -- 12.4.3 National Oncology Center: The Royal Hospital -- 12.4.4 Other Cancer Centers -- 12.4.5 National Cancer Registry -- 12.4.6 Community Obligations -- 12.4.7 The Cancer Care Plan -- 12.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 12.6 Cancer Screening Programs. , 12.7 Cancer Prevention Programs.
    Weitere Ausg.: Print version: Al-Shamsi, Humaid O. Cancer in the Arab World Singapore : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,c2022 ISBN 9789811679445
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books. ; Llibres electrònics ; Llibres electrònics
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    New York :Academic Press,
    UID:
    almahu_9948026210702882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (855 p.)
    ISBN: 1-281-98406-X , 9786611984069 , 0-08-085975-5
    Serie: Methods of experimental physics ; v. 2
    Inhalt: Electronic Methods
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; Electronic Methods; Copyright Page; Contents, Volume 2; Contributors to Volume 2; Foreword; Chapter 1. Evaluation of Measurement; 1.1. General Rules; 1.2. Errors; 1.3. Statistical Methods; 1.4. Direct Measurements; 1.5. Indirect Measurement; 1.6. Preliminary Estimation; 1.7. Errors of Computation; Chapter 2. Passive Circuit Elements and Networks; 2.1. Basic Network Principles and Terminology; 2.3. Two-Terminal-Pair Networks; Filters; 2.4. Distributed Constant Networks; 2.5. Components; 2.6. Construction and Wiring Techniques; Chapter 3. Vacuum Tubes; 3.1. Thermionic Emission , 3.2. Diodes3.3. Triodes; 3.4. Multielement Tubes; 3.5. Selection of Tubes; Chapter 4. Gas Tubes; 4.1. Gaseous Electronics and Devices; 4.2. DC Breakdown; 4.3. Plasma Characteristics; 4.4. Practical Gas Tubes; 4.5. Tube Ratings: Definitions; Chapter 5. Semiconductor Circuit Elements; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Devices Employing Bulk Semiconductor Properties; 5.3. Single-Junction Rectifiers and Diodes; 5.4. Transistors (Bipolar); 5.5. Multiregion Devices; 5.6. Other Transistors; 5.7. Semiconductor Integrated Circuits; Bibliography; Chapter 6. Rectifiers, Amplifiers, and Oscillators , 6.1 Rectifier Circuits6.3. Vacuum Tube Oscillators; 6.4. Gas-Tube Circuits; 6.5. Linear Transistor Circuits; Chapter 7. Nonlinear Circuits; 7.1. General Discussion; 7.2. Nonregenerative Circuits; 7.3. Regenerative Circuits; 7.4. Sweep Circuits; 7.5. Transistor Switching Circuits; Chapter 8. Servomechanisms, Regulation and Feedback; 8.1. General Principles; 8.2. Electronic Regulation; 8.3. Servomechanisms; Chapter 9. Measurements; 9.1. Counting; 9.2. Frequency Measurements; 9.3. Time Measurement; 9.4. Phase Measurements; 9.5. Voltage, Current, and Charge; 9.6. Pulse Amplitude Measurements , 9.7. Magnetic Resonance9.8. Computers; 9.9. Equipment Testing; 9.10. Telemetering; 9.11. Information-Theoretical Methods Applied to Telemetering; Chapter 10. Microwaves; 10.1. Definition of Microwaves; 10.2. Microwave Circuits; 10.3. Microwave Tubes; 10.4. Detectors and Receivers for Microwaves; 10.5. Microwave Measurements; Chapter 11. Miscellaneous Electronic Devices; 11.1. Photoelectric Devices; 11.2. Cathode-Ray Devices; 11.3. Magnetic Amplifiers; Chapter 12. Noise In Electronic Devices; 12.1. Introduction; 12.2. Thermal Noise; 12.3. Shot Noise and Generation-Recombination Noise , 12.4. Modulation Noise12.5. Noise in Amplifiers; Author Index; Subject Index , English
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-12-475902-5
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Norwich, NY :W. Andrew Pub. ;
    UID:
    almahu_9948025813602882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (993 p.)
    ISBN: 9786612253058 , 1-59124-988-0
    Inhalt: Does MEMS technology offer advantages to your company's products? Will miniature machines on a chip solve your application objectives for ôsmaller, better, cheaper, and faster'ö If you are a product development engineer or manager, the decision to design a MEMS device implies having an application and market. This book offers you a practical guide to making this important business decision. Here, both veterans and newcomers to MEMS device design will get advice on evaluating MEMS for their business, followed by guidance on selecting solutions, technologies and design support tools. You will se
    Anmerkung: "Micro-electro-mechanical systems"--Cover. , Front Cover; MEMS: A Practical Guide to Design, Analysis, and Applications; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword; Preface; Chapter 1. Microtransducer Operation; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Transduction; 1.3 Microsystem Performance; 1.4 Transducer Operation Techniques; 1.5 Powering Microsystems; References; Chapter 2. Material Properties: Measurement and Data; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Measurement Methods; 2.3 Data; References; Chapter 3. MEMS and NEMS Simulation; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Simulation Scenario; 3.3 Generic Organization of a Computational Tool; 3.4 Methods for Materials Simulation , 3.5 Computational Methods that Solve PDEs3.6 Design Automation Methods; 3.7 A Simulation Strategy; 3.8 Case Studies; 3.9 Summary; 3.10 Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 4. System-Level Simulation of Microsystems; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Behavioral Modeling of MEMS Components; 4.3 Formulation of Equations of Motion; 4.4 Structured Design Tools; 4.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 5. Thermal-Based Microsensors; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Thermoresistors; 5.3 Silicon Diodes and Transistors as Thermal Microsensors; 5.4 Thermoelectric Microsensors , 5.5 CMOS-Compatible Thermal-Based Microsensors and Microactuators5.6 Diagnostic Thermal-Based Microstructures; 5.7 Conclusion; References; Chapter 6. Photon Detectors; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Detectors; 6.3 Thin-Film Transistors; 6.4 Pixel Integration; 6.5 Imaging Arrays; 6.6 New Challenges in Large-Area Digital Imaging; References; Chapter 7. Free-Space Optical MEMS; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 General Discussion of Micromirror Scanners; 7.3 Electrostatic Scanners; 7.4 Scanning Mirrors with Magnetic and Electromagnetic Actuators; 7.5 Micromirror Arrays with Mirror Size =100 Micrometers , 9.5 Magnetoresistors9.6 Magnetodiodes; 9.7 Magnetotransistors and Related Microsensors; 9.8 Magnetic Field-based Functional Multisensors; 9.9 Interfaces and Improvement of Characteristics of Magnetic Microsensors; 9.10 Conclusions and Outlook; References; Chapter 10. Mechanical Microsensors; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Inertial Sensors; 10.3 Pressure Sensors; 10.4 Force and Torque Sensors; References; Chapter 11. Semiconductor-Based Chemical Microsensors; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Thermodynamics of Chemical Sensing; 11.3 Chemomechanical Sensors; 11.4 Thermal Sensors; 11.5 Optical Sensors , 11.6 Electrochemical Sensors , English
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-8155-1497-2
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Norwich, NY :William Andrew Pub.,
    UID:
    almahu_9948026691802882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (253 p.)
    ISBN: 1-282-25314-X , 9786612253133 , 9786612252990 , 9786612253140 , 0-08-094737-9 , 0-8155-1725-4
    Serie: PDL handbook series
    Inhalt: The author of this unique handbook on fluorinated ionomers is also the inventor of the first commercial product known as Nafion® (DuPont). The book covers partially fluorinated and perfluorinated polymers containing sufficient ionic groups to dominate the transport properties of the polymer. The emphasis of this book is on the practical aspects of working with fluorinated ionomers. It is intended to help the scientist and engineer in the preparation, fabrication, use, and study of these products as well as in the development of new applications and compositions. Extensive coverage has
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; Fluorinated Ionomers; Copyright Page; Contents; PDL Fluorocarbon Series Editor's Preface; Preface; Acknowledgements; Chapter 1. Introduction; 1.1 Polymers; 1.2 Physical Shapes; 1.3 References; Chapter 2. History; 2.1 References; Chapter 3. Manufacture; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Perfluorinated Ionomers; 3.3 Polymerization; 3.4 Fabrication; 3.5 Hydrolysis and Acid Exchange; 3.6 Finishing and Testing; 3.7 Liquid Compositions; 3.8 Fluorinated Ionomers with Phosphonic or Sulfonyl Imide Functional Groups; 3.9 Partially Fluorinated Ionomers , 3.10 Composite Materials of Ionomers and Inorganic Oxides3.11 Remanufactured Membranes; 3.12 References; Chapter 4. Properties; 4.1 Properties of the Precursor Polymers; 4.2 Properties of the Ionic Forms; 4.3 Morphology; 4.4 Transport Properties; 4.5 Optical Properties; 4.6 Thermal Properties; 4.7 Stability; 4.8 References; Chapter 5. Applications; 5.1 Electrolysis; 5.2 Sensors and Actuators; 5.3 Dialysis; 5.4 Gas and Vapor Diffusion; 5.5 Protective Clothing; 5.6 Catalysis; 5.7 References; Chapter 6. Fuel Cells and Batteries; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Operating Parameters; 6.3 Ionomer Stability , 6.4 Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs)6.5 Manufacture of MEAs; 6.6 References; 6.7 Further Reading; Chapter 7. Commercial Membrane Types; 7.1 Unreinforced Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acid Films; 7.2 Reinforced Perfluorinated Membranes; Chapter 8. Economic Aspects; 8.1 Chlor-Alkali Cells; 8.2 Fuel Cells; 8.3 References; Chapter 9. Experimental Methods; 9.1 Infrared Spectra; 9.2 Hydrolysis, Surface Hydrolysis and Staining; 9.3 Other Reactions of the Precursor Polymer; 9.4 Ion Exchange Equilibrium; 9.5 Determination of EW by Titration or Infrared Analysis; 9.6 Determining Melt Flow , 9.7 Distinguishing the Precursor Polymer from Various Ionic Forms9.8 Fenton's Test for Oxidative Stability; 9.9 Examination of a Membrane; 9.10 Determining the Permselectivity; 9.11 Measuring Pervaporation Rates; 9.12 Simple Electrolytic Cells; 9.13 References; Chapter 10. Heat Sealing and Repair; 10.1 Reference; Chapter 11. Handling and Storage; 11.1 Handling the Film; 11.2 Pretreatment; 11.3 Installation; Chapter 12. Toxicology, Safety and Disposal; 12.1 Toxicology; 12.2 Safety; 12.3 Disposal; 12.4 References; Appendix A: A Chromic Acid Regeneration System , Appendix B: Laboratory Chlor-alkali CellAppendix C: Solution Cast Nafion Film; Appendix D: Plastic-Based Bipolar Plates; Suppliers and Resources; Glossary and Web Sites; Index; Plastics Design Library Founding Editor: William A. Woishnis , English
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-8155-1541-3
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 9
    UID:
    almahu_9948026597002882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (434 p.)
    ISBN: 1-281-05488-7 , 9786611054885 , 0-08-054292-1
    Serie: Thin films ; v. 26
    Inhalt: GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE SERIESPhysics of Thin Films is one of the longest running continuing series in thin film science, consisting of 25 volumes since 1963. The series contains quality studies of the properties of various thin films materials and systems.In order to be able to reflect the development of today's science and to cover all modern aspects of thin films, the series, starting with Volume 20, has moved beyond the basic physics of thin films. It now addresses the most important aspects of both inorganic and organic thin films, in both their theoretical as well as te
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , Cover; Contents; Preface; Useful Conversion Factors and Constants; Chapter 1. Introduction; 1.1 The Role of PVD in Microelectronics; 1.2 PVD and the Interconnect Roadmap; 1.3 Additional Sources of Information on PVD; References; Chapter 2. Physics of Sputtering; 2.1 Sputtering; 2.2 Energy and Angular Distributions of Sputtered Atoms; 2.3 Other Energetic Processes During Sputtering; 2.4 Transport of Sputtered Atoms; References; Chapter 3. Plasma Systems; 3.1 Diode Plasmas; 3.2 Plasma Potential; 3.3 Floating Potential; 3.4 Flux to the Sheath; 3.5 DC and RF Plasmas; 3.6 RF Plasmas , 3.7 RF Matchboxes3.8 Magnetic Fields; 3.9 Reactive Sputter Deposition; 3.10 Practical Plasma Issues in PVD Tools; 3.11 Plasma Diagnostics and Optical Emission Magnetrons; References; Chapter 4. The Planar Magnetron; 4.1 The DC Magnetron; 4.2 The Planar Magnetron; 4.3 The Swept-Filed Magnetron; 4.4 Source Arcing; 4.5 Low Pressure Sputtering; References; Chapter 5. Sputtering Tools; 5.1 Evolution of PVD Tools for Microelectronics; 5.2 Generic PVD Cluster Tool; 5.3 The Technology of PVD Cluster Tools; 5.4 300 mm PVD; 5.5 PVD Process Mapping; 5.6 Cost-of-Ownership (CoO); References , Chapter 6. Directional Deposition6.1 Damascene Processing; 6.2 Long Throw Deposition Techniques; 6.3 Collimated Sputter Deposition; References; Chapter 7. Planarized PVD: Use of Elevated Temperature and/or High Pressure; 7.1 Physics of Hot PVD; 7.2 Elevated Temperature PVD Al; 7.3 Elevated Temperature PVD Cu; 7.4 Application of High Pressure; 7.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 8. Ionized Magnetron Sputter Deposition: I-PVD; 8.1 Experimental Systems; 8.2 Plasma Aspects; 8.3 Deposition and Experimental Results; 8.4 Lining Trenches and Vias; 8.5 Trench and Via Filling , 8.6 Electrical Measurements8.7 Materials Properties; References; Chapter 9. PVD Materials and Processes; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Metrology; 9.3 Al Alloys; 9.4 Titanium; 9.5 Titanium Nitride; 9.6 Titanium-Tungsten (Ti-W) Alloys; 9.7 Refractory Metal Silicides; 9.8 Copper; 9.9 PVD and CVD; 9.10 Upper Lever Metallization; References; Chapter 10. Process Modeling for Magnetron Deposition; 10.1 Cathode Surface Models; 10.2 Transport Modeling; 10.3 The Water Surface; 10.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 11. Sputtering Targets; 11.1 Target Fabrication; 11.2 Target Cooling; 11.3 Target Burn-In , 11.4 Target Composition11.5 Target Purity; 11.6 Target Utilization; 11.7 Microstructural Engineering; 11.8 Particle Generation; References; Index , English
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-12-533026-X
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Oxford ; : Butterworth-Heinemann,
    UID:
    almahu_9948026449502882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (385 p.)
    ISBN: 1-281-05241-8 , 9786611052416 , 0-08-048027-6
    Inhalt: 'Practical Temperature Measurement' introduces the concepts of temperature and its measurement to engineers, physicists and chemists of all disciplines. The author describes the wide range of techniques and specific devices available for temperature measurement and provides guidance for the selection of a particular method for a given application. It is of value to engineering and physics postgraduates studying modules on instrumentation and process control and, in addition, for practical project work requiring an understanding of temperature measurement methods.For postgraduates and i
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; Practical Temperature Measurement; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; Chapter 1. Temperature; 1.1 Definition of temperature; 1.2 Temperature scales; 1.3 An overview of temperature measurement techniques; 1.4 Conclusions; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 2. General temperature measurement considerations; 2.1 The measurement process; 2.2 Heat transfer; 2.3 Calibration and traceability; 2.4 Data manipulation; 2.5 Uncertainty; 2.6 Conclusions; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 3. Bimetallic thermometers; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Bimetallic strip modelling; 3.3 Standard materials , 3.4 Bimetallic thermometer constructionReferences; Nomenclature; Chapter 4. Liquid-in-glass thermometers; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Error sources; 4.3 Calibration; 4.4 Special types; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 5. Thermocouples; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Thermocouple analysis; 5.3 Thermocouple types; 5.4 Thermocouple assemblies and installation; 5.5 EMF measurement; 5.6 Grounding and noise; 5.7 Calibration; 5.8 Troubleshooting/thermocouple diagnostics; 5.9 Selection; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 6. Resistance temperature detectors; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Platinum resistance thermometers , 6.3 Copper and nickel resistance thermometers6.4 Rhodium-iron, doped germanium and carbon resistors; 6.5 Thermistors; 6.6 Semiconductor devices; 6.7 Selection; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 7. Manometric thermometry; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Gas thermometry; 7.3 Vapour pressure thermometry; 7.4 Conclusions; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 8. Semi-invasive temperature measurement; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Paints; 8.3 Temperature-sensitive crayons, pellets and labels; 8.4 Pyrometric cones, thermoscope bars and Bullers rings; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 9. Infrared thermometry , 9.1 Introduction9.2 Fundamentals of thermal radiation; 9.3 Detector classification; 9.4 Spectral band thermometers; 9.5 Total radiation thermometers; 9.6 Ratio/dual-wavelength/two-colour thermometers; 9.7 Fibre-optic thermometers; 9.8 Thermal imaging; 9.9 Calibration; 9.10 Selection; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 10. Other non-invasive temperature measurement techniques; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Refractive index methods; 10.3 Absorption and emission spectroscopy; 10.4 Line reversal; 10.5 Spontaneous Rayleigh and Raman scattering; 10.6 Coherent anti-Stokes-Raman scattering (CARS) , 10.7 Degenerative four wave mixing (DFWM)10.8 Laser-induced fluorescence; 10.9 Acoustic thermography; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 11. Technique selection; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Applications; 11.3 Selection overview; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 12. Heat flux measurement; 12.1 Introduction; 12.2 Thermal disruption; 12.3 Differential temperature heat flux measurement techniques; 12.4 Calorimetric heat flux measurement techniques; 12.5 Energy supply or removal heat flux measurement techniques; 12.6 The mass transfer analogy; 12.7 Inverse conduction methods; 12.8 Conclusions , References , English
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-7506-5080-X
    Sprache: Englisch
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