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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Singapore :Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,
    UID:
    almahu_9949319996302882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (479 pages)
    ISBN: 9789811679452
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Acknowledgment -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Cancer Profile in the Arab World: An Overview -- 1.3 Cancer Risk Factors -- 1.4 Current Circumstantial Analysis -- 1.5 Oncology Care in the Arab World -- 1.5.1 Role of Cancer Registries -- 1.5.2 Functionality of Oncology Societies in the Arab Region -- 1.6 Cancer Control Framework Recommendations -- 1.7 Cancer in the Arab World Book -- 1.7.1 Book Structure -- 1.8 Closing the Gaps in the Cancer Care System -- 1.9 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 2: General Oncology Care in Algeria -- 2.1 Algeria Demographics -- 2.2 Cancer Statistics in Algeria -- 2.2.1 Cancer Incidence in Algeria -- 2.3 Oncology Care in Algeria -- 2.3.1 National Cancer Control Plan 2015-2019 -- 2.4 Cancer Risk Factors -- 2.5 Cancer Screening Programs -- 2.5.1 Cervical Cancer -- 2.5.2 Breast Cancer -- 2.5.3 Colorectal Cancer -- 2.5.4 Prostate Cancer -- 2.6 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 2.7 Cancer Diagnosis -- 2.8 Treatment -- 2.8.1 Medical Oncology -- 2.8.2 Radiation Therapy -- 2.8.3 Surgery -- 2.8.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 2.8.5 Survivorship Track -- 2.8.6 Palliative Care Track -- 2.9 Research and Education -- 2.9.1 Clinical Trials and Research -- 2.9.2 Scientific Publications -- 2.9.3 Training and Education -- 2.9.4 Paramedical Training -- 2.10 Cost Effective Cancer Care -- 2.11 Challenges and Advantages -- 2.11.1 Access to Innovative Treatments -- 2.11.2 Cancer Care -- 2.12 The Future of Cancer Care in Algeria -- 2.13 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: General Oncology Care in Bahrain -- 3.1 Bahrain Demographics -- 3.2 Cancer Statistics in Bahrain -- 3.3 Oncology Care in Bahrain -- 3.4 Cancer Risk Factors -- 3.5 Cancer Screening Programs -- 3.6 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 3.7 Cancer Diagnosis -- 3.8 Treatment -- 3.8.1 Medical Oncology. , 3.8.2 Radiation Therapy -- 3.8.3 Surgery -- 3.8.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 3.8.5 Survivorship Track -- 3.8.6 Palliative Care Track -- 3.9 Research and Education -- 3.9.1 National Tumor Board (NTB) -- 3.10 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 3.11 Challenges and Advantages -- 3.12 The Future of Cancer Care in Bahrain -- 3.13 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: General Oncology Care in Egypt -- 4.1 Egypt Demographics -- 4.1.1 Population -- 4.1.2 Regions -- 4.1.3 Economy -- 4.1.4 Government -- 4.1.5 Life Expectancy -- 4.2 Cancer Statistics in Egypt -- 4.3 Oncology Care in Egypt -- 4.3.1 Liver Cancer -- 4.3.2 Breast Cancer -- 4.3.3 Bladder Cancer -- 4.4 Cancer Risk Factors -- 4.4.1 Liver Cancer -- 4.4.2 Bladder Cancer -- 4.5 Cancer Screening Programs -- 4.6 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 4.6.1 Anti-Schistosomiasis Campaigns -- 4.6.2 Anti-HCV and HBV Campaigns -- 4.7 Cancer Diagnosis -- 4.7.1 Imaging -- 4.7.2 Molecular Testing -- 4.7.3 Cytogenetics and Genetic Testing -- 4.8 Treatment -- 4.8.1 Medical Oncology -- 4.8.2 Radiation Therapy -- 4.8.3 Surgery -- 4.8.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 4.8.5 Survivorship Track -- 4.8.6 Palliative Care Track -- 4.9 Research and Education -- 4.10 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 4.11 Challenges and Advantages -- 4.12 The Future of Cancer Care in Egypt -- 4.13 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: General Oncology Care in Iraq -- 5.1 Iraq Demographics -- 5.2 Cancer Statistics in Iraq -- 5.3 Healthcare System in Iraq -- 5.4 Oncology Care in Iraq -- 5.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 5.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 5.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 5.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 5.8.1 Imaging -- 5.8.2 Laboratory -- 5.8.3 Cytogenetic and Molecular Genetics -- 5.9 Treatment -- 5.9.1 Medical and Radiation Oncology -- 5.9.2 Medical Oncology -- 5.9.2.1 Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation -- 5.9.3 Radiation Therapy -- 5.9.4 Surgery. , 5.9.5 Pediatric Oncology -- 5.9.6 Survivorship Track -- 5.9.7 Palliative Care Track -- 5.10 Research and Education -- 5.10.1 Research -- 5.10.1.1 The Iraqi Regional Comparative Breast Cancer Research Project -- 5.10.2 Education and Training -- 5.10.2.1 Local Education and Training -- 5.10.2.2 International Collaborations and Country Program Frameworks -- 5.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 5.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 5.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Iraq -- 5.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: General Oncology Care in Jordan -- 6.1 Jordan Demographics -- 6.2 Cancer Statistics in Jordan -- 6.3 Healthcare System in Jordan -- 6.4 Oncology Care in Jordan -- 6.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 6.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 6.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 6.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 6.9 Treatment -- 6.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 6.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 6.9.3 Surgery -- 6.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 6.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 6.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 6.10 Research and Education -- 6.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 6.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 6.12.1 Medical Tourism in Jordan -- 6.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Jordan -- 6.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: General Oncology Care in Kuwait -- 7.1 Kuwait Demographics -- 7.2 Cancer Statistics in Kuwait -- 7.3 Cancer Risk Factors -- 7.3.1 Part 1: Ubiquitous Risk Factors: Where Does Kuwait Stand? -- 7.3.2 Part 2: Other Kuwait-Specific Risk Factors -- 7.4 Cancer Screening Programs -- 7.5 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 7.6 Cancer Diagnosis -- 7.6.1 Specialized Laboratory Services -- 7.7 Treatment -- 7.7.1 Medical Oncology -- 7.7.1.1 Malignant Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) -- 7.7.2 Radiation Therapy -- 7.7.3 Surgery -- 7.7.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 7.7.5 Survivorship Track -- 7.7.6 Palliative Care Track -- 7.8 Research and Education -- 7.9 Challenges and Advantages. , 7.10 The Future of Cancer Care in Kuwait -- 7.11 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: General Oncology Care in Lebanon -- 8.1 Lebanon Demography -- 8.2 Cancer Statistics in Lebanon -- 8.3 Healthcare System in Lebanon -- 8.4 Oncology Care in Lebanon -- 8.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 8.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 8.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 8.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 8.8.1 Imaging -- 8.8.2 Laboratory -- 8.8.3 Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics -- 8.8.4 Molecular Diagnostics -- 8.9 Treatment -- 8.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 8.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 8.9.3 Surgery -- 8.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 8.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 8.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 8.10 Research and Education -- 8.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 8.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 8.12.1 Facilities Providing Cancer Care -- 8.12.2 Treatment Availability -- 8.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Lebanon -- 8.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: General Oncology Care in Libya -- 9.1 Libya Demographics -- 9.2 Cancer Statistics in Libya -- 9.3 Healthcare System in Libya -- 9.4 Oncology Care in Libya -- 9.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 9.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 9.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 9.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 9.8.1 Imaging -- 9.8.2 Laboratory -- 9.9 Treatment -- 9.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 9.9.1.1 Advanced Treatments -- 9.9.1.2 Bone Marrow Transplantation -- 9.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 9.9.3 Surgery -- 9.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 9.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 9.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 9.10 Research and Education -- 9.10.1 Research -- 9.10.2 Education and Training -- 9.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 9.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 9.12.1 Medical Tourism in Libya -- 9.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Libya -- 9.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: General Oncology Care in Mauritania -- 10.1 Mauritania Demographics -- 10.2 Cancer Statistics in Mauritania. , 10.3 Healthcare System in Mauritania -- 10.4 Oncology Care in Mauritania -- 10.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 10.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 10.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 10.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 10.9 Treatment -- 10.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 10.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 10.9.3 Surgery -- 10.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 10.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 10.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 10.10 Research and Education -- 10.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 10.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 10.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Mauritania -- 10.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: General Oncology Care in Morocco -- 11.1 Morocco Demographics -- 11.2 Cancer Statistics in Morocco -- 11.3 Cancer Risk Factors -- 11.3.1 Tobacco -- 11.3.2 Alcohol -- 11.3.3 Obesity -- 11.3.4 Other Risk Factors -- 11.4 Cancer Screening Programs -- 11.5 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 11.6 Cancer Diagnosis -- 11.7 Treatment -- 11.7.1 Medical Oncology -- 11.7.2 Radiation Therapy -- 11.7.3 Surgery -- 11.7.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 11.7.5 Survivorship Track -- 11.7.6 Palliative Care Track -- 11.8 Research and Education -- 11.8.1 Research -- 11.8.2 Education -- 11.9 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 11.10 Challenges and Advantages -- 11.11 The Future of Cancer Care in Morocco -- 11.11.1 Quality Improvement -- 11.11.2 Information Systems -- 11.12 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: General Oncology Care in Oman -- 12.1 Oman Demographics -- 12.2 Cancer Statistics in Oman -- 12.3 Healthcare System in Oman -- 12.4 Oncology Care in Oman -- 12.4.1 Access to Cancer Care services -- 12.4.2 Multi-sectoral Efforts to Prevent and Control Cancer -- 12.4.3 National Oncology Center: The Royal Hospital -- 12.4.4 Other Cancer Centers -- 12.4.5 National Cancer Registry -- 12.4.6 Community Obligations -- 12.4.7 The Cancer Care Plan -- 12.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 12.6 Cancer Screening Programs. , 12.7 Cancer Prevention Programs.
    Weitere Ausg.: Print version: Al-Shamsi, Humaid O. Cancer in the Arab World Singapore : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,c2022 ISBN 9789811679445
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books. ; Llibres electrònics ; Llibres electrònics
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    New York ; : Academic Press,
    UID:
    almahu_9947366121202882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (281 p.)
    ISBN: 1-282-28982-9 , 9786612289828 , 0-08-095571-1
    Serie: Mathematics in science and engineering ; v. 61, 2
    Inhalt: Methods of nonlinear analysis
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; Methods of Nonlinear Analysis; Copyright Page; Preface; Contents; Contents of Volume I; Chapter 9. Upper and Lower Bounds via Duality; 9.1. Introduction; 9.2. Guiding Idea; 9.3. A Simple Identity; 9.4. Quadratic Functional: Scalar Case; 9.5. min u J = max v H; 9.6. The Functional l t o [u'2 + g(u)] dt; 9.7. Geometric Aspects; 9.8. Multidimensional Case; 9.9. The Rayleigh-Ritz Method; 9.10. Alternative Approach; 9.11. J(u) = lto [u'2 + f(t)u2] dt; General f(t); 9.12. Geometric Aspects; Miscellaneous Exercises; Bibliography and Comments , Chapter 10. Caplygin's Method and Differential Inequalities10.1. Introduction; 10.2. The Caplygin Method; 10.3. The Equation u' 〈 a(t)u + f (t); 10.4. The Linear Differential Inequality L(u) 〈 f ( t ); 10.5. Elementary Approach; 10.6. An Integral Identity; 10.7. Strengthening of Previous Result; 10.8. Factorization of the Operator; 10.9. Alternate Proof of Monotonicity; 10.10. A Further Condition; 10.11. Two-point Boundary Conditions; 10.12. Variational Approach; 10.13. A Related Parabolic Partial Differential Equation; 10.14. Nonnegativity of u(t, s); 10.15. Limiting Behavior , 10.16. Limiting Behavior: Energy Inequalities10.17. Monotonicity of Maximum; 10.18. Lyapunov Functions; 10.19. Factorization of the nth-order Linear Operator; 10.20. A Result for the nth-order Linear Differential Equation; 10.21. An Example; 10.22. Linear Systems; 10.23. Partial Differential Equation-I; 10.24. Partial Differential Equation-II; Miscellaneous Exercises; Bibliography and Comments; Chapter 11. Quasilinearization; 11.1. Introduction; 11.2. The Riccati Equation; 11.3. Explicit Representation; 11.4. Successive Approximations and Monotone Convergence , 11.5. Maximum Interval of Convergence11.6. Dini's Theorem and Uniform Convergence; 1 1.7. Newton-Raphson-Kantorovich Approximation; 11.8. Quadratic Convergence; 11.9. Upper Bounds; 11.10. u' = g(u, t ); 11.11. Random Equation; 11.12. Upper and Lower Bounds; 1 I. 13. Asymptotic Behavior; 11.14. Multidimensional Riccati Equation; 11.15. Two-point Boundary Value Problems; 11.16. Maximum Interval of Convergence; 11.1 7. Quadratic Convergence; 11.18. Discussion; 11.19. Computational Feasibility; 11.20. Elliptic Equations; 11.21. Parabolic Equations; 1 1.22. Minimum and Maximum Principles , Miscellaneous ExercisesBibliography and Comments; Chapter 12. Dynamic Programming; 12.1. Introduction; 12.2. Multistage Processes; 12.3. Continuous Version; 12.4. Multistage Decision Processes; 12.5. Stochastic and Adaptive Processes; 12.6. Functional Equations; 12.7. Infinite Stage Process; 12.8. Policy; 12.9. Approximation in Policy Space; 12.10. Discussion; 12.11. Calculus of Variations as a Multistage Decision Process; 12.12. A New Formalism; 12.13. The Principle of Optimality; 12.14. Quadratic Case; 12.15. Multidimensional Case; 12.1 6. Computational Feasibility; 12.17. Stability , 12.18. Computational Feasibility: General Case-I , English
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-12-084902-X
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Amsterdam ; : Elsevier/William Andrew,
    UID:
    almahu_9948025425602882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (329 p.)
    Ausgabe: 2nd ed.
    ISBN: 1-283-31107-0 , 9786613311078 , 1-4377-3529-0
    Serie: PDL handbook series
    Inhalt: Stretch blow molding is the blow molding process used to produce bottles of the strength required for carbonated drinks. In this handbook, Ottmar Brandau introduces the technology of stretch blow molding, explores practical aspects of designing and running a production line and looks at practical issues for quality control and troubleshooting. As an experienced engineer, manager and consultant, Brandau's focus is on optimizing the production process, improving quality and reducing cycle time. This book is a thoroughly practical handbook that provides engineers and managers with the
    Anmerkung: Includes index. , Previous edition: Stretch blow moulding : a hands-on guide. 2003. , Front Cover; Series Page; Stretch Blow Molding; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; Introduction; Chapter 1 - A Short History of Stretch Blow Molding; Chapter 2 - Material Basics; 2.1 Manufacture and States of PET; 2.2 Crystallization of PET; 2.3 Drying of PET; 2.4 Behavior in the Injection Mold; 2.5 Behavior in the Blow Mold; 2.6 Acetaldehyde (AA) in PET Bottles; Chapter 3 - Reheat Stretch Blow Molding Machines; 3.1 Overview; 3.2 Semi-automatic Machines; 3.3 Linear Shuttle-type Machines; 3.4 Linear Continuous Motion Machines; 3.5 Rotary Machines; Chapter 4 - Machine Details , 4.1 Ovens4.2 T?ransfer Functions; 4.3 Blow Wheel/Blow Clamp; Chapter 5 - Blow Molds; 5.1 Design; 5.2 Making a Mold; 5.3 Venting; Chapter 6 - Fundamentals of the Blow Process; 6.1 Process Overview; 6.2 Stretch Ratios; 6.3 Types of Heat Transfer; 6.4 Light Absorption Characteristics of PET; 6.5 Optimum Preform Temperature; Chapter 7 - The Blowing Process; 7.1 Reheating Preforms; 7.2 Blowing Bottles; Chapter 8 - Injection Stretch Blow Molding Machines; 8.1 Four-station Machines; 8.2 Machine Controls; 8.3 Injection Controls; 8.4 Interaction between Injection and Blow; 8.5 Conditioning , 8.6 Container Blowing8.7 Hot Runners; 8.8 Integrated Two-stage Stretch Blow Molding; Chapter 9 - Special Applications; 9.1 Simulation of the Blow Process; 9.2 Stretch Blow Molding of Oriented Polypropylene; 9.3 Plant-based Plastics; 9.4 Blow Process for Hot-fill Applications; 9.5 Preferential Heating; 9.6 Direct Feeding of Preforms into the Blow Machine; 9.7 Vision Inspection; 9.8 Barrier-enhancing Technologies; 9.9 Blow-and-Trim Process; 9.10 CSD Bottle-base Failures; 9.11 Recycling of PET Bottles; 9.12 Preform Esthetics in the Two-stage Process , Chapter 10 - Troubleshooting of Blowing Problems10.1 General Guidelines; 10.2 Starting a New Process; 10.3 Troubleshooting of Specific Problems; 10.4 Defects Particular to Single-stage Molding; 10.5 Summary of Preform Quality Checks; Chapter 11 - Economics; 11.1 Container Types; 11.2 Business Models; 11.3 Tooling Costs; 11.4 Light-weighing of Bottles and Caps; 11.5 Resin Prices; 11.6 Bottle Production Costs; 11.7 Starting with a New Product; 11.8 Recommended Laboratory Equipment for RSBM Plants; 11.9 Western vs. Asian Machinery; Chapter 12 - Preform Design for Single and Two-stage Processing , 12.1 Two-stage Process Injection Molding12.2 Single-stage Process Injection Molding; 12.3 Goals and Conditions; 12.4 The Mechanics of Preform Design; 12.5 Putting it All T?ogether; Chapter 13 - Auxiliary Equipment; 13.1 Compressors; 13.2 Chillers; 13.3 Conveyors and Bottle Storage Devices; Chapter 14 Training of Operators; 14.1 Current State of Training; 14.2 Obstacles to Training Programs; 14.3 Re-thinking Abstract Concepts; 14.4 Language Structure; 14.5 Converting Formulas into Common English Sentences; 14.6 Substituting Uncommon Arithmetical Operators; 14.7 Presentation Style , 14.8 Translating Graphs into Common-day Language , English
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 1-4377-3527-4
    Sprache: Englisch
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Oxford ; : Butterworth-Heinemann,
    UID:
    almahu_9949697929002882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (571 p.)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-281-14518-1 , 9786611145187 , 0-08-054928-4
    Inhalt: Industries that use pumps, seals and pipes will also use valves and actuators in their systems. This key reference provides anyone who designs, uses, specifies or maintains valves and valve systems with all of the critical design, specification, performance and operational information they need for the job in hand. Brian Nesbitt is a well-known consultant with a considerable publishing record. A lifetime of experience backs up the huge amount of practical detail in this volume.* Valves and actuators are widely used across industry and this dedicated reference provides all the informati
    Anmerkung: Published by Elsevier in association with Roles & Associates Ltd. , Front Cover; VALVES MANUAL International: Handbook of Valves and Actuators; Copyright Page; Contents; Chapter 1. Definitions and abbreviations; Chapter 2. Properties of fluids; 2.1 Explanation of terms; 2.2 Water; 2.3 Oils; 2.4 Liquid-solid mixtures; 2.5 Liquid-gas mixtures; 2.6 Gas laws and gas properties; 2.7 Useful references; Chapter 3. Isolating valves; 3.1 Isolating valves and the system; 3.2 Isolating valve design; 3.3 Isolating valve types; 3.4 Useful references; Chapter 4. Non-return valves; 4.1 Non-return valves and the system; 4.2 Non-return valve design; 4.3 Non-return valve types , 4.4 Useful referencesChapter 5. Regulators; 5.1 Regulators and the system; 5.2 Regulator design; 5.3 Regulator types; 5.4 Useful references; Chapter 6. Control valves; 6.1 Process control valves and the system; 6.2 Control valve design; 6.3 Process control valve types; 6.4 Useful references; Chapter 7. Safety relief valves; 7.1 Safety relief valves and the system; 7.2 Safety relief valve design; 7.3 Safety relief valve types; 7.4 Piping reactions; 7.5 Useful references; Chapter 8. Valve and piping sizing; 8.1 Sizing isolating valves; 8.2 Sizing non-return valves , 8.3 Sizing safety relief valves8.4 Sizing regulators and control valves; 8.6 Useful references; Chapter 9. Piping and connectors; 9.1 Pipework design principles; 9.2 Rigid piping systems; 9.3 Flexible piping systems; 9.4 Expansion joints; 9.5 Threaded connections; 9.6 Welded connections; 9.7 Soldered connections; 9.8 Cemented connections; 9.9 Flanges; 9.10 Gaskets; 9.11 Clamped connections; 9.12 Grooved connections; 9.13 Compression fittings; 9.14 Flared fittings; 9.15 Quick release couplings; 9.16 Approved connections; 9.17 Useful references; Chapter 10. Noise in valves , 10.1 The noise problem10.2 Noise analysis; 10.3 Sources of valve noise; 10.4 Noise prediction; 10.5 Noise attenuation; 10.6 Noise calculations; 10.7 Useful references; Chapter 11. Valve stem sealing; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Single seals; 11.3 Double seals; 11.4 Special designs; 11.5 Seal materials; 11.6 Lubrication; 11.7 Packing friction; 11.8 Packing box assembly; 11.9 Useful references; Chapter 12. Actuators; 12.1 Introduction; 12.2 Control signals; 12.3 Types of actuator; 12.4 Accessories; 12.5 Force/torque required in valve operation; 12.6 Setting-up; 12.7 Actuator selection , 12.8 Useful referencesChapter 13. Valve materials; 13.1 General; 13.2 The Pressure Equipment Directive (PED); 13.3 NACE; 13.4 Valve body material; 13.5 Trim materials; 13.6 Hard facing materials; 13.7 Pressure/temperature ratings for flanges; 13.8 Non-metallic coatings; 13.9 Bolting materials; 13.10 Useful references; Chapter 14. Instrumentation and ancillaries; 14.1 Instrumentation; 14.2 Ancillary equipment; 14.3 Useful references; Chapter 15. Quality, inspection and testing; 15.1 Introduction; 15.2 Mass-produced valves; 15.3 Custom-built valves; 15.4 Guidelines for testing and documentation , 15.5 Standards , English
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 1-4933-0388-0
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 1-85617-494-8
    Sprache: Englisch
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    New York, NY :Springer New York :
    UID:
    almahu_9947362961602882
    Umfang: XII, 209 p. , online resource.
    ISBN: 9781461301257
    Serie: Springer Series in Statistics,
    Inhalt: Density estimation has evolved enormously since the days of bar plots and histograms, but researchers and users are still struggling with the problem of the selection of the bin widths. This text explores a new paradigm for the data-based or automatic selection of the free parameters of density estimates in general so that the expected error is within a given constant multiple of the best possible error. The paradigm can be used in nearly all density estimates and for most model selection problems, both parametric and nonparametric. It is the first book on this topic. The text is intended for first-year graduate students in statistics and learning theory, and offers a host of opportunities for further research and thesis topics. Each chapter corresponds roughly to one lecture, and is supplemented with many classroom exercises. A one year course in probability theory at the level of Feller's Volume 1 should be more than adequate preparation. Gabor Lugosi is Professor at Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Barcelona, and Luc Debroye is Professor at McGill University in Montreal. In 1996, the authors, together with Lászlo Györfi, published the successful text, A Probabilistic Theory of Pattern Recognition with Springer-Verlag. Both authors have made many contributions in the area of nonparametric estimation.
    Anmerkung: 1. Introduction -- §1.1. References -- 2. Concentration Inequalities -- §2.1. Hoeffding’s Inequality -- §2.2. An Inequality for the Expected Maximal Deviation -- §2.3. The Bounded Difference Inequality -- §2.4. Examples -- §2.5. Bibliographic Remarks -- §2.6. Exercises -- §2.7. References -- 3. Uniform Deviation Inequalities -- §3.1. The Vapnik-Chervonenkis Inequality -- §3.2. Covering Numbers and Chaining -- §3.3. Example: The Dvoretzky-Kiefer-Wolfowitz Theorem -- §3.4. Bibliographic Remarks -- §3.5. Exercises -- §3.6. References -- 4. Combinatorial Tools -- §4.1. Shatter Coefficients -- §4.2. Vapnik-Chervonenkis Dimension and Shatter Coefficients -- §4.3. Vapnik-Chervonenkis Dimension and Covering Numbers -- §4.4. Examples -- §4.5. Bibliographic Remarks -- §4.6. Exercises -- §4.7. References -- 5. Total Variation -- §5.1. Density Estimation -- §5.2. The Total Variation -- §5.3. Invariance -- §5.4. Mappings -- §5.5. Convolutions -- §5.6. Normalization -- §5.7. The Lebesgue Density Theorem -- §5.8. LeCam’s Inequality -- §5.9. Bibliographic Remarks -- §5.10. Exercises -- §5.11. References -- 6. Choosing a Density Estimate -- §6.1. Choosing Between Two Densities -- §6.2. Examples -- §6.3. Is the Factor of Three Necessary? -- §6.4. Maximum Likelihood Does not Work -- §6.5. L2 Distances Are To Be Avoided -- §6.6. Selection from k Densities -- §6.7. Examples Continued -- §6.8. Selection from an Infinite Class -- §6.9. Bibliographic Remarks -- §6.10. Exercises -- §6.11. References -- 7. Skeleton Estimates -- §7.1. Kolmogorov Entropy -- §7.2. Skeleton Estimates -- §7.3. Robustness -- §7.4. Finite Mixtures -- §7.5. Monotone Densities on the Hypercube -- §7.6. How To Make Gigantic Totally Bounded Classes -- §7.7. Bibliographic Remarks -- §7.8. Exercises -- §7.9. References -- 8. The Minimum Distance Estimate: Examples -- §8.1. Problem Formulation -- §8.2. Series Estimates -- §8.3. Parametric Estimates: Exponential Families -- §8.4. Neural Network Estimates -- §8.5. Mixture Classes, Radial Basis Function Networks -- §8.6. Bibliographic Remarks -- §8.7. Exercises -- §8.8. References -- 9. The Kernel Density Estimate -- §9.1. Approximating Functions by Convolutions -- §9.2. Definition of the Kernel Estimate -- §9.3. Consistency of the Kernel Estimate -- §9.4. Concentration -- §9.5. Choosing the Bandwidth -- §9.6. Choosing the Kernel -- §9.7. Rates of Convergence -- §9.8. Uniform Rate of Convergence -- §9.9. Shrinkage, and the Combination of Density Estimates -- §9.10. Bibliographic Remarks -- §9.11. Exercises -- §9.12. References -- 10. Additive Estimates and Data Splitting -- §10.1. Data Splitting -- §10.2. Additive Estimates -- §10.3. Histogram Estimates -- §10A. Bibliographic Remarks -- §10.5. Exercises -- §10.6. References -- 11. Bandwidth Selection for Kernel Estimates -- §11.1. The Kernel Estimate with Riemann Kernel -- §11.2. General Kernels, Kernel Complexity -- §11.3. Kernel Complexity: Univariate Examples -- §11.4. Kernel Complexity: Multivariate Kernels -- §11.5. Asymptotic Optimality -- §11.6. Bibliographic Remarks -- §11.7. Exercises -- §11.8. References -- 12. Multiparameter Kernel Estimates -- §12.1. Multivariate Kernel Estimates—Product Kernels -- §12.2. Multivariate Kernel Estimates—Ellipsoidal Kernels -- §12.3. Variable Kernel Estimates -- §12.4. Tree-Structured Partitions -- §12.5. Changepoints and Bump Hunting -- §12.6. Bibliographic Remarks -- §12.7. Exercises -- §12.8. References -- 13. Wavelet Estimates -- §13.1. Definitions -- §13.2. Smoothing -- §13.3. Thresholding -- §13.4. Soft Thresholding -- §13.5. Bibliographic Remarks -- §13.6. Exercises -- §13.7. References -- 14. The Transformed Kernel Estimate -- §14.1. The Transformed Kernel Estimate -- §14.2. Box-Cox Transformations -- §14.3. Piecewise Linear Transformations -- §14.4. Bibliographic Remarks -- §14.5. Exercises -- §14.6. References -- 15. Minimax Theory -- §15.1. Estimating a Density from One Data Point -- §15.2. The General Minimax Problem -- §15.3. Rich Classes -- §15.4. Assouad’s Lemma -- §15.5. Example: The Class of Convex Densities -- §15.6. Additional Examples -- §15.7. Tuning the Parameters of Variable Kernel Estimates -- §15.8. Sufficient Statistics -- §15.9. Bibliographic Remarks -- §15.10. Exercises -- §15.11. References -- 16. Choosing the Kernel Order -- §16.1. Introduction -- §16.2. Standard Kernel Estimate: Riemann Kernels -- §16.3. Standard Kernel Estimates: General Kernels -- §16.4. An Infinite Family of Kernels -- §16.5. Bibliographic Remarks -- §16.6. Exercises -- §16.7. References -- 17. Bandwidth Choice with Superkernels -- §17.1. Superkernels -- §17.2. The Trapezoidal Kernel -- §17.3. Bandwidth Selection -- §17.4. Bibliographic Remarks -- §17.5. Exercises -- §17.6. References -- Author Index.
    In: Springer eBooks
    Weitere Ausg.: Printed edition: ISBN 9781461265276
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin Heidelberg :
    UID:
    almahu_9947363021002882
    Umfang: X, 253 p. 2 illus. , online resource.
    ISBN: 9783642557293
    Serie: Universitext,
    Inhalt: The first fifteen chapters of these lectures (omitting four to six chapters each year) cover a one term course taken by a mixed group of senior undergraduate and junior graduate students specializing either in mathematics or physics. Typically, the mathematics students have some background in advanced anal­ ysis, while the physics students have had introductory quantum mechanics. To satisfy such a disparate audience, we decided to select material which is interesting from the viewpoint of modern theoretical physics, and which illustrates an interplay of ideas from various fields of mathematics such as operator theory, probability, differential equations, and differential geometry. Given our time constraint, we have often pursued mathematical content at the expense of rigor. However, wherever we have sacrificed the latter, we have tried to explain whether the result is an established fact, or, mathematically speaking, a conjecture, and in the former case, how a given argument can be made rigorous. The present book retains these features.
    Anmerkung: 1 Physical Background -- 1.1 The Double-Slit Experiment -- 1.2 Wave Functions -- 1.3 State Space -- 1.4 The Schrödinger Equation -- 1.5 Mathematical Supplement: Operators on Hilbert Spaces -- 2 Dynamics -- 2.1 Conservation of Probability -- 2.2 Existence of Dynamics -- 2.3 The Free Propagator -- 2.4 Mathematical Supplement: Operator Adjoints -- 2.5 Mathematical Supplement: the Fourier Transform -- 3 Observables -- 3.1 Mean Values and the Momentum Operator -- 3.2 Observables -- 3.3 The Heisenberg Representation -- 3.4 Quantization -- 3.5 Pseudodifferential Operators -- 4 The Uncertainty Principle -- 4.1 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle -- 4.2 A Refined Uncertainty Principle -- 4.3 Application: Stability of Hydrogen -- 5 Spectral Theory -- 5.1 The Spectrum of an Operator -- 5.2 Functions of Operators and the Spectral Mapping Theorem -- 5.3 Applications to Schrödinger Operators -- 5.4 Spectrum and Evolution -- 5.5 Variational Characterization of Eigenvalues -- 5.6 Number of Bound States -- 5.7 Mathematical Supplement: Integral Operators -- 6 Scattering States -- 6.1 Short-range Interactions: µ 〉 1 -- 6.2 Long-range Interactions: µ ? 1 -- 6.3 Existence of Wave Operators -- 7 Special Cases -- 7.1 The Infinite Well -- 7.2 The Torus -- 7.3 A Potential Step -- 7.4 The Square Well -- 7.5 The Harmonic Oscillator -- 7.6 A Particle on a Sphere -- 7.7 The Hydrogen Atom -- 7.8 A Particle in an External EM Field -- 8 Many-particle Systems -- 8.1 Quantization of a Many-particle System -- 8.2 Separation of the Centre-of-mass Motion -- 8.3 Break-ups -- 8.4 The HVZ Theorem -- 8.5 Intra- vs. Inter-cluster Motion -- 8.6 Existence of Bound States for Atoms and Molecules -- 8.7 Scattering States -- 8.8 Mathematical Supplement: Tensor Products -- 9 Density Matrices -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 States and Dynamics -- 9.3 Open Systems -- 9.4 The Thermodynamic Limit -- 9.5 Equilibrium States -- 9.6 The T ? 0 Limit -- 9.7 Example: a System of Harmonic Oscillators -- 9.8 A Particle Coupled to a Reservoir -- 9.9 Quantum Systems -- 9.10 Problems -- 9.11 Hilbert Space Approach -- 9.12 Appendix: the Ideal Bose Gas -- 9.13 Appendix: Bose-Einst ein Condensation -- 9.14 Mathematical Supplement: the Trace, and Trace Class Operators -- 10 The Feynman Path Integral -- 10.1 The Feynman Path Integral -- 10.2 Generalizations of the Path Integral -- 10.3 Mathematical Supplement: the Trotter Product Formula -- 11 Quasi-classical Analysis -- 11.1 Quasi-classical Asymptotics of the Propagator -- 11.2 Quasi-classical Asymptotics of Green’s Function -- 11.3 Bohr-Sommerfeld Semi-classical Quantization -- 11.4 Quasi-classical Asymptotics for the Ground State Energy -- 11.5 Mathematical Supplement: Operator Determinants -- 12 Mathematical Supplement: the Calculus of Variations -- 12.1 Functionals -- 12.2 The First Variation and Critical Points -- 12.3 Constrain ed Variational Problems -- 12.4 The Second Variation -- 12.5 Conjugate Points and Jacobi Fields -- 12.6 The Action of the Critical Path -- 12.7 Appendix: Connection to Geodesics -- 13 Resonances -- 13.1 Tunneling and Resonances -- 13.2 The Free Resonance Energy -- 13.3 Instantons -- 13.4 Positive Temperatures -- 13.5 Pre-exponential Factor for the Bounce -- 13.6 Contribution of the Zero-mode -- 13.7 Bohr-Sommerfeld Quantization for Resonances -- 14 Introduction to Quantum Field Theory -- 14.1 The Place of QFT -- 14.2 Klein-Gordon Theory as a Hamiltonian System -- 14.3 Maxwell’s Equations as a Hamiltonian System -- 14.4 Quantization of the Klein-Gordon and Maxwell Equations -- 14.5 Fock Space -- 14.6 Generalized Free Theory -- 14.7 Interactions -- 14.8 Quadratic Approximation -- 15 Quantum Electrodynamics of Non-relativistic Particles: the Theory of Radiation -- 15.1 The Hamiltonian -- 15.2 Perturbation Set-up -- 15.3 Results -- 15.4 Mathematical Supplements -- 16 Supplement: Renormalization Group -- 16.1 The Decimation Map -- 16.2 Relative Bounds -- 16.3 Elimination of Particle and High Photon Energy Degrees of Freedom -- 16.4 Generalized Normal Form of Operators on Fock Space -- 16.5 The Hamiltonian H0(?, z) -- 16.6 A Banach Space of Operators -- 16.7 Rescaling -- 16.8 The Renormalization Map -- 16.9 Linearized Flow -- 16.10 Central-stable Manifold for RG and Spectra of Hamiltonians -- 16.11 Appendix -- 17 Comments on Missing Topics, Literature, and Further Reading -- References.
    In: Springer eBooks
    Weitere Ausg.: Printed edition: ISBN 9783540441601
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Lehrbuch
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  • 7
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    Online-Ressource
    Boston, MA :Birkhäuser Boston,
    UID:
    almahu_9947362993902882
    Umfang: XIII, 149 p. , online resource.
    ISBN: 9781461220640
    Inhalt: This is a problem book on Hilbert space operators (Le. , on bounded linear transformations of a Hilbert space into itself) where theory and problems are investigated together. We tre!l:t only a part of the so-called single operator theory. Selected prob­ lems, ranging from standard textbook material to points on the boundary of the subject, are organized into twelve chapters. The book begins with elementary aspects of Invariant Subspaces for operators on Banach spaces 1. Basic properties of Hilbert Space Operators are introduced in in Chapter Chapter 2, Convergence and Stability are considered in Chapter 3, and Re­ ducing Subspaces is the theme of Chapter 4. Primary results about Shifts on Hilbert space comprise Chapter 5. These are introductory chapters where the majority of the problems consist of auxiliary results that prepare the ground for the next chapters. Chapter 6 deals with Decompositions for Hilbert space contractions, Chapter 7 focuses on Hyponormal Operators, and Chapter 8 is concerned with Spectral Properties of operators on Banach and Hilbert spaces. The next three chapters (as well as Chapter 6) carry their subjects from an introductory level to a more advanced one, including some recent results. Chapter 9 is about Paranormal Operators, Chapter 10 covers Proper Contractions, and Chapter 11 searches through Quasi­ reducible Operators. The final Chapter 12 commemorates three decades of The Lomonosov Theorem on nontrivial hyperinvariant subspaces for compact operators.
    Anmerkung: 1 Invariant Subspaces -- Problem 1.1 Closure -- Problem 1.2 Kernel and Range -- Problem 1.3 Null Product -- Problem 1.4 Operator Equation -- Problem 1.5 Nilpotent and Algebraic -- Problem 1.6 Polynomials -- Problem 1.7 Totally Cyclic -- Problem 1.8 Densely Intertwined -- Problem 1.9 Hyperinvariant -- Problem 1.10 Quasiaffine Transform -- Solutions -- 2 Hilbert Space Operators -- Problem 2.1 Adjoint -- Problem 2.2 Nonnegative -- Problem 2.3 Contraction -- Problem 2.4 Normal -- Problem 2.5 Isometry -- Problem 2.6 Unitary -- Problem 2.7 Projection -- Problem 2.8 Mutually Orthogonal -- Problem 2.9 Increasing -- Solutions -- 3 Convergence and Stability -- Problem 3.1 Diagonal -- Problem 3.2 Product -- Problem 3.3 * -Preserving -- Problem 3.4 Nonnegative -- Problem 3.5 Monotone -- Problem 3.6 Self-Adjoint -- Problem 3.7 Commutant -- Problem 3.8 Convex Cone -- Problem 3.9 Absolute Value -- Solutions -- 4 Reducing Subspaces -- Problem 4.1 T-Invariant -- Problem 4.2 Matrix Form -- Problem 4.3 T*-Invariant -- Problem 4.4 T and T*-Invariant -- Problem 4.5 Commuting with T and T* -- Problem 4.6 Reducible -- Problem 4.7 Restriction -- Problem 4.8 Direct Sum -- Problem 4.9 Unitarily Equivalent -- Problem 4.10 Unitary Restriction -- Solutions -- 5 Shifts -- Problem 5.1 Unilateral -- Problem 5.2 Bilateral -- Problem 5.3 Multiplicity -- Problem 5.4 Unitarily Equivalent -- Problem 5.5 Reducible -- Problem 5.6 Irreducible -- Problem 5.7 Rotation -- Problem 5.8 Riemann-Lebesgue Lemma -- Problem 5.9 Weighted Shift -- Problem 5.10 Nonnegative Weights -- Solutions -- 6 Decompositions -- Problem 6.1 Strong Limit -- Problem 6.2 Projection -- Problem 6.3 Kernels -- Problem 6.4 Kernel Decomposition -- Problem 6.5 Intertwined to Isometry -- Problem 6.6 Dual Limits -- Problem 6.7 Nagy-Foia?-Langer Decomposition -- Problem 6.8 von Neumann-Wold Decomposition -- Problem 6.9 Another Decomposition -- Problem 6.10 Foguel Decomposition -- Problem 6.11 Isometry -- Problem 6.12 Coisometry -- Problem 6.13 Strongly Stable -- Problem 6.14 Property PF -- Problem 6.15 Direct Summand -- Solutions -- 7 Hyponormal Operators -- Problem 7.1 Quasinormal -- Problem 7.2 Strong Stability -- Problem 7.3 Hyponormal -- Problem 7.4 Direct Proof -- Problem 7.5 Invariant Subspace -- Problem 7.6 Restriction -- Problem 7.7 Normal -- Problem 7.8 Roots of Powers -- Problem 7.9 Normaloid -- Problem 7.10 Power Inequality -- Problem 7.11 Unitarily Equivalent -- Problem 7.12 Subnormal -- Problem 7.13 Not Subnormal -- Problem 7.14 Distinct Weights -- Solutions -- 8 Spectral Properties -- Problem 8.1 Spectrum -- Problem 8.2 Eigenspace -- Problem 8.3 Examples -- Problem 8.4 Residual Spectrum -- Problem 8.5 Weighted Shift -- Problem 8.6 Uniform Stability -- Problem 8.7 Finite Rank -- Problem 8.8 Stability for Compact -- Problem 8.9 Continuous Spectrum -- Problem 8.10 Compact Contraction -- Problem 8.11 Normal -- Problem 8.12 Square Root -- Problem 8.13 Fuglede Theorem -- Problem 8.14 Quasinormal -- Problem 8.15 Fuglede-Putnam Theorem -- Problem 8.16 Reducible -- Solutions -- 9 Paranormal Operators -- Problem 9.1 Quasihyponormal -- Problem 9.2 Semi-quasihyponormal -- Problem 9.3 Paranormal -- Problem 9.4 Square of Paranormal -- Problem 9.5 Alternative Definition -- Problem 9.6 Unitarily Equivalent -- Problem 9.7 Weighted Shift -- Problem 9.8 Equivalences -- Problem 9.9 Not Paranormal -- Problem 9.10 Projection ? Nilpotent -- Problem 9.11 Shifted Operators -- Problem 9.12 Shifted Projections -- Problem 9.13 Shifted Seif-Adjoints -- Problem 9.14 Examples -- Problem 9.15 Hyponormal -- Problem 9.16 Invertible -- Problem 9.17 Paranormal Inequality -- Problem 9.18 Normaloid -- Problem 9.19 Cohyponormal -- Problem 9.20 Strongly Stable -- Problem 9.21 Quasinormal -- Solutions -- 10 Proper Contractions -- Problem 10.1 Equivalences -- Problem 10.2 Diagonal -- Problem 10.3 Compact -- Problem 10.4 Adjoint -- Problem 10.5 Paranormal -- Problem 10.6 Nagy-Foia? Classes -- Problem 10.7 Weakly Stable -- Problem 10.8 Hyponormal -- Problem 10.9 Subnormal -- Problem 10.10 Quasinormal -- Problem 10.11 Direct Proof -- Problem 10.12 Invariant Subspace -- Solutions -- 11 Quasireducible Operators -- Problem 11.1 Alternative Definition -- Problem 11.2 Basic Properties -- Problem 11.3 Nilpotent -- Problem 11.4 Index 2 -- Problem 11.5 Higher Indices -- Problem 11.6 Product -- Problem 11.7 Unitarily Equivalent -- Problem 11.8 Similarity -- Problem 11.9 Unilateral Shift -- Problem 11.10 Isometry -- Problem 11.11 Quasinormal -- Problem 11.12 Weighted Shift -- Problem 11.13 Subnormal -- Problem 11.14 Commutator -- Problem 11.15 Reducible -- Problem 11.16 Normal -- Solutions -- 12 The Lomonosov Theorem -- Problem 12.1 Hilden’s Proof -- Problem 12.2 Lomonosov Lemma -- Problem 12.3 Lomonosov Theorem -- Problem 12.4 Extension -- Problem 12.5 Quasireducible -- Problem 12.6 Hyponormal -- Solutions -- References.
    In: Springer eBooks
    Weitere Ausg.: Printed edition: ISBN 9780817632427
    Sprache: Englisch
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    URL: Cover
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Toronto, Ontario :ChemTec Publishing,
    UID:
    almahu_9949269085202882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (309 pages)
    Ausgabe: 2nd ed.
    ISBN: 1-5231-4484-X , 1-77467-001-1
    Inhalt: Handbook of Foaming and Blowing Agents, Second Edition includes the most current information on foaming technology, guiding users on the proper selection of formulation, which is highly dependent on the mechanisms of action of blowing agents and foaming agents, as well as dispersion and solubility. The book includes properties of 23 groups of blowing agents and the typical range of technical performance for each group, including general properties, physical-chemical properties, health and safety, environmental impact, and applications in different products and polymers. All information is illustrated by chemical reactions and diagrams.
    Anmerkung: Includes index. , Front Cover -- Handbook of Foaming and Blowing Agents -- Table of Contents -- Copyright Page -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Chemical Origins of Blowing Agents -- 2.1 Activators -- 2.2 Azodicarbonamide -- 2.3 Crosslinkers -- 2.4 Dinitroso pentamethylene tetramine compounds -- 2.5 Dispersions in polymers carriers -- 2.6 Foaming agent mixtures with other additive(s) -- 2.7 Gases -- 2.8 Hydrazides -- 2.9 Hydrocarbons -- 2.10 Hydrochlorcarbon -- 2.11 Hydrochlorofluorocarbon -- 2.12 Hydrofluorocarbons -- 2.13 Hydrofluoroolefins -- 2.14 Masterbatches -- 2.15 Microspheres -- 2.16 Mixtures of foaming agents -- 2.17 Nucleating agents -- 2.18 Proprietary -- 2.19 Salts of carbonic and polycarboxylic acids -- 2.20 Sodium bicarbonate -- 2.21 Sulfonylsemicarbazides -- 2.22 Tetrazoles -- 2.23 Water -- References -- Chapter 3. Mechanisms of Action of Blowing Agents -- 3.1 Mechanisms of foaming by decomposing solids -- 3.2 Production of gaseous products by chemical reaction -- 3.3 Foaming by gases and evaporating liquids -- References -- Chapter 4. Dispersion and Solubility of Blowing Agents -- References -- Chapter 5. Parameters of Foam Production -- 5.1 Amount of blowing agent -- 5.2 Clamping pressure -- 5.3 Delay time -- 5.4 Desorption time -- 5.5 Die pressure -- 5.6 Die temperature -- 5.7 Gas content -- 5.8 Gas flow rate -- 5.9 Gas injection location -- 5.10 Gas sorption and desorption rates -- 5.11 Internal pressure after foaming -- 5.12 Mold pressure -- 5.13 Mold temperature -- 5.14 Operational window -- 5.15 Plastisol viscosity -- 5.16 Saturation pressure -- 5.17 Saturation temperature -- 5.18 Screw revolution speed -- 5.19 Surface tension -- 5.20 Time -- 5.21 Temperature -- 5.22 Void volume -- References -- Chapter 6. Foam Stabilization -- References -- Chapter 7. Foaming Efficiency Measures -- 7.1 Cell size -- 7.2 Cell density. , 7.3 Cell wall thickness (average) -- 7.4 Foam density -- 7.5 Expansion ratio (by volume) -- 7.6 Open cell content -- 7.7 Void fraction -- References -- Chapter 8. Morphology of Foams -- 8.1 Bimodal morphology -- 8.2 Cell density -- 8.3 Cell morphology -- 8.4 Cell size -- 8.5 Cell wall thickness -- 8.6 Closed cell -- 8.7 Core & -- skin thickness -- 8.8 Morphological features of foams -- 8.9 Open cell -- References -- Chapter 9. Foaming in Different Processing Methods -- 9.1 Blown film extrusion -- 9.2 Calendering -- 9.3 Clay exfoliation -- 9.4 Compression molding -- 9.5 Depressurization -- 9.6 Extrusion -- 9.7 Free foaming -- 9.8 Injection molding -- 9.9 Microwave heating -- 9.10 Rotational molding -- 9.11 Solid-state foaming -- 9.12 Supercritical fluid-laden pellet injection molding foaming technology -- 9.13 Thermoforming -- 9.14 UV laser -- 9.15 Vacuum drying -- 9.16 Wire coating -- References -- Chapter 10. Selection of Foaming and Blowing Agents for Different Polymers -- 10.1 Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene -- 10.2 Acrylonitrile-butadiene-acrylate -- 10.3 Bismaleimide resin -- 10.4 Bromobutyl rubber -- 10.5 Cellulose acetate -- 10.6 Chitosan -- 10.7 Cyanoacrylate -- 10.8 Epoxy -- 10.9 Ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene -- 10.10 Ethylene-propylene diene rubber -- 10.11 Ethylene-vinyl acetate -- 10.12 Fluorinated ethylene propylene -- 10.13 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose -- 10.14 Melamine resin -- 10.15 Phenol formaldehyde -- 10.16 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) -- 10.17 Poly(butylene succinate) -- 10.18 Poly(ε-caprolactone) -- 10.19 Polyacrylonitrile -- 10.20 Polyamide -- 10.21 Polycarbonate -- 10.22 Polycarbonate/ABS -- 10.23 Polychloroprene -- 10.24 Polydimethylsiloxane -- 10.25 Polyetherketone -- 10.26 Polyetherimide -- 10.27 Polyethersulfone -- 10.28 PES/PEN blends -- 10.29 Polyethylene -- 10.30 Poly(ethylene-co-octene). , 10.31 Poly(ethylene terephthalate) -- 10.32 Polyimide -- 10.33 Poly(lactic acid) -- 10.34 Polymethylmethacrylate -- 10.35 Polyoxymethylene -- 10.36 Polypropylene -- 10.37 Polystyrene -- 10.38 Polyurethane -- 10.39 Polyvinylalcohol -- 10.40 Polyvinylchloride -- 10.41 Poly(vinyl chloride-co-vinyl acetate) -- 10.42 Polyvinylidenefluoride -- 10.43 Natural rubber -- 10.44 Starch -- Chapter 11. Additives -- 11.1 Activators, accelerators, and kickers -- 11.2 Catalysts -- 11.3 Crosslinking agents -- 11.4 Curing agents -- 11.5 Diluents -- 11.6 Exfoliated additives -- 11.7 Fibers -- 11.8 Fillers -- 11.9 Fire retardants -- 11.10 Foam stabilizers -- 11.11 Nucleating agents -- 11.12 Plasticizers -- 11.13 Polymeric modifiers -- 11.14 Retarders -- 11.15 Surfactants -- References -- Chapter 12. Effect of Foaming on Physical-Mechanical Properties of Foams -- 12.1 Compression set, strength, and modulus -- 12.2 Crystallinity -- 12.3 Deformation recovery -- 12.4 Density -- 12.5 Elastic modulus -- 12.6 Elongation -- 12.7 EMI shielding -- 12.8 Expansion ratio -- 12.9 Flexural modulus -- 12.10 Glass transition temperature -- 12.11 Impact strength -- 12.12 Relative permittivity -- 12.13 Resistivity -- 12.14 Rheology -- 12.15 Shape memory -- 12.16 Shear modulus -- 12.17 Shrinkage -- 12.18 Sound absorption -- 12.19 Surface roughness -- 12.20 Surface tension -- 12.21 Tear strength -- 12.22 Tensile modulus -- 12.23 Tensile strength -- 12.24 Thermal conductivity -- References -- Chapter 13. Analytical Techniques Useful in Foaming -- 13.1 Cell density -- 13.2 Cell size -- 13.3 Density -- 13.4 Differential scanning calorimetry -- 13.5 Fourier transform infrared -- 13.6 Optical expandometry -- 13.7 Polarizing optical microscope -- 13.8 Scanning electron microscopy -- 13.9 Transmission electron microscopy -- 13.10 Confocal laser scanning microscopy -- 13.11 X-ray analysis. , References -- Chapter 14. Health and Safety and Environmental Impact of Foaming Processes -- References -- Index.
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 1-77467-000-3
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    San Diego :Elsevier,
    UID:
    almahu_9949850864202882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (340 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780443153457
    Anmerkung: Front Cover -- Specialized Plant Metabolites as Cosmeceuticals -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of contributors -- 1 Specialized plant metabolites in cosmeceuticals -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Cosmeceutical applications of secondary metabolites -- 1.2.1 Polyphenols -- 1.2.1.1 Cosmeceuticals applications -- 1.2.1.1.1 Skin care -- 1.2.1.1.2 Hair care -- 1.2.2 Essential oils -- 1.2.2.1 Cosmeceutical applications -- 1.2.2.1.1 As natural preservatives -- 1.2.2.1.2 Skin care -- 1.2.2.1.3 Hair care -- 1.2.3 Carotenoids -- 1.2.3.1 Cosmeceutical applications -- 1.2.4 Alkaloids -- 1.2.4.1 Cosmeceutical applications -- 1.2.4.1.1 Skin care -- 1.2.4.1.2 Eye care -- 1.2.4.1.3 Hair care -- 1.2.5 Glycosides -- 1.3 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Cosmeceutical applications of terpenes and terpenoids -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Plant sources -- 2.3 Chemistry -- 2.4 Cosmeceutical applications -- 2.4.1 Skin care -- 2.4.2 Antioxidant -- 2.4.3 Antiinflammatory -- 2.4.4 Antiaging -- 2.4.5 Skin whitening -- 2.5 Marketed cosmetic formulations -- 2.6 Terpenes side effects -- 2.7 Terpenes and nanoformulations -- 2.8 Safety and toxicity profile -- 2.9 Cosmeceutical-based formulation and marketed products -- 2.10 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Flavonoids: a key component of cosmeceuticals -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Chemistry and biosynthesis of prime specialized plant metabolite -- 3.2.1 Flavones -- 3.2.2 Flavonols -- 3.2.3 Flavanones -- 3.2.4 Isoflavonoids -- 3.2.5 Neoflavonoids -- 3.2.6 Flavanols, flavan-3-ols or catechins -- 3.2.7 Anthocyanins -- 3.2.8 Chalcones -- 3.2.9 Myricetin -- 3.2.10 Catechins -- 3.3 Traditional uses of flavonoids -- 3.4 Pharmacological applications -- 3.4.1 Anticholinesterase activity -- 3.4.2 Antiviral and antibacterial activity -- 3.4.3 Anticancer activity -- 3.4.4 Anti-age-dependent neuropathological activity. , 3.4.5 Antidiabetic activity -- 3.4.6 Antiinflammatory activity -- 3.5 Cosmeceutical applications of flavonoids -- 3.5.1 Flavonoids as antioxidant -- 3.5.2 Flavonoids in sun protection -- 3.5.3 Flavonoids as a natural antiaging agent -- 3.5.4 Flavonoids as an antiinflammatory agent -- 3.5.5 Flavonoids for hair protection -- 3.6 Marketed preparation with flavonoids -- 3.7 Safety and toxicity profile -- 3.8 Conclusion and future perspective -- References -- 4 Cosmeceutical applications of alkaloids -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Plant sources -- 4.3 Cosmeceutical application of alkaloids -- 4.3.1 Evodiamine -- 4.3.2 Caffeine -- 4.3.3 Nicotinamide -- 4.3.4 Capsaicin -- 4.3.5 Berberine -- 4.3.6 Anatabine -- 4.3.7 Piperine -- 4.3.8 Spilanthol -- 4.3.9 Trigonelline -- 4.4 Plants extract having alkaloids used in cosmetic preparation -- 4.4.1 Bunicider -- 4.4.2 Carica papaya -- 4.4.3 Carissa carandas -- 4.4.4 Theobroma cacao -- 4.4.5 Cyclea peltata -- 4.4.6 Ocotea paranapiacabensis -- 4.4.7 Nelumbo nucifera -- 4.4.8 Other uses -- 4.5 Pharmacological applications of alkaloids -- 4.6 Marketed alkaloidal cosmeceuticals -- 4.7 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Cosmeceuticals significance of hydroxybenzoic acids -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Plant sources -- 5.3 Chemistry and biosynthesis of prime specialized plant metabolite -- 5.4 Traditional uses -- 5.5 Applications of p-hydroxybenzoic acid in pharmaceuticals -- 5.5.1 Antimicrobial activity -- 5.5.2 Antioxidant as preservative -- 5.5.3 Antimutagenic agent -- 5.5.4 Hypoglycemic and antiviral agent -- 5.5.5 Antiinflammatory agent -- 5.6 Applications of p-hydroxybenzoic acid in cosmaceuticals -- 5.6.1 Antioxidant -- 5.6.2 Antiaging -- 5.6.3 Skin whitening -- 5.7 Nanoformaulation -- 5.8 Safety and toxicity profile -- 5.9 Cosmeceutical-based formulation and marketed products -- 5.10 Conclusion and future perspectives. , References -- 6 Hydroxycinnamic acids: a key component in cosmeceuticals -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Important hydroxycinnamic acids in cosmeceuticals -- 6.2.1 p-Coumaric acid -- 6.2.2 Caffeic acid -- 6.2.3 Ferulic acid -- 6.2.4 Sinapic acid -- 6.2.5 Rosmarinic acid -- 6.2.6 Chlorogenic acid -- 6.3 Hydroxycinnamic acids: biosynthesis -- 6.4 Cosmeceutical applications of hydroxycinnamic acids -- 6.4.1 Hydroxycinnamic acids as antioxidants -- 6.4.2 Hydroxycinnamic acids for photoprotection -- 6.4.3 Hydroxycinnamic acids as natural antiaging agents -- 6.4.4 Hydroxycinnamic acids for skin hyperpigmentation/skin lightening -- 6.4.5 Hydroxycinnamic acids as antiinflammatory agents -- 6.4.6 Hydroxycinnamic acids for wound healing -- 6.5 Skin permeability of hydroxycinnamic acids -- 6.6 Marketed formulations of hydroxycinnamic acids -- 6.7 Clinical evidence -- 6.8 Conclusion and future perspective -- References -- 7 Cosmeceuticals applications of stilbenes -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Sources -- 7.3 Chemistry and biosynthesis of stilbenes -- 7.4 Traditional uses -- 7.5 Clinical studies of resveratrol used as cosmetical in skin -- 7.5.1 Ultraviolet protectant -- 7.5.2 Antioxidant -- 7.5.3 Antiaging -- 7.6 Safety and toxicity profile -- 7.7 Cosmeceutical-based formulation and marketed products -- 7.8 Conclusions -- References -- 8 Lignins in cosmetic industry -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Source of lignins -- 8.3 Phytochemistry of lignins -- 8.3.1 Sulfur-containing lignins and sulfur-free lignins -- 8.3.2 Kraft lignins -- 8.3.3 Lignosulfonates -- 8.3.4 Soda lignins -- 8.3.5 Organosolv lignins -- 8.4 Pharmacological applications -- 8.4.1 Antitumor activity -- 8.4.2 Antiviral activity -- 8.4.3 Nephroprotective effect -- 8.4.4 Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity -- 8.4.5 Other properties -- 8.5 Drug delivery -- 8.6 Cosmetic applications. , 8.7 Cytotoxicity of lignins -- 8.8 Clinical studies -- 8.9 Conclusions -- References -- 9 Saponins: a natural raw material for cosmeceuticals -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Classification of saponins based on their plant sources -- 9.3 Chemistry and biosynthesis of saponins -- 9.3.1 Chemistry detailing the structural distinctions in saponins -- 9.4 Traditional uses of saponins -- 9.5 Micellization behavior and reduction of surface tension -- 9.6 Pharmacological applications of saponins -- 9.7 Saponins in cosmetics -- 9.7.1 Saponins for washing and moistening -- 9.7.2 Saponins as foaming agents -- 9.7.3 Saponins as emulsifiers -- 9.7.4 Saponins as solubility enhancers -- 9.7.5 Saponins in sensitive skin formulations -- 9.8 Cosmeceutical-based formulation and marketed products -- 9.9 Extraction technologies -- 9.9.1 Conventional methods -- 9.9.1.1 Maceration extraction -- 9.9.1.1.1 Reflux and Soxhlet extractions -- 9.9.1.1.2 Subsequent extraction -- 9.9.2 Green extraction technologies -- 9.9.2.1 Ultrasound-assisted extraction -- 9.9.2.2 Microwave-assisted extraction -- 9.9.2.3 Accelerated/Pressurized solvent extraction -- 9.10 Determination of saponins -- 9.11 Safety and toxicity profile -- 9.12 Conclusion and future perspectives -- References -- 10 Essential oils: an essential component of cosmetic industry -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Cosmeceutical applications -- 10.2.1 Use of essential oils in aromatherapy -- 10.2.2 Use of essential oils in the formulation of perfumes and scented products -- 10.2.3 Use of essential oils in the formulation of hair and skin care products -- 10.3 Safety and toxicity profile -- 10.4 Cosmeceutical-based formulation and marketed products -- 10.5 Conclusion and future perspectives -- References -- 11 Cosmeceutical applications of natural oils and fats -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Cosmeceutical applications of vegetable oils. , 11.2.1 Coconut oil -- 11.2.2 Sunflower seed oil -- 11.2.3 Jojoba oil -- 11.2.4 Castor oil -- 11.2.5 Avocado oil -- 11.2.6 Rosehip seed oil -- 11.3 Vegetable fats in cosmeceutical -- 11.3.1 Cocoa butter -- 11.3.2 Shea butter -- 11.4 Contradictions of their uses -- 11.5 Future perspectives -- 11.6 Conclusion -- References -- Further reading -- 12 Allergic reactions from essential oils and other specialized plant metabolites -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Insights about the immune system -- 12.3 Immunology from aspects of allergic reactions -- 12.4 Chemical aspects of essential oils -- 12.4.1 Hydrocarbons -- 12.4.2 Terpenes -- 12.4.3 Alcohols -- 12.4.4 Esters and ketones -- 12.5 Essential oils skin contact allergies -- 12.5.1 Laurel oil -- 12.5.1.1 Case Study 1- Laurel Oil Allergy -- 12.5.1.2 Case study 2-laurel oil allergy -- 12.5.2 Tea tree oil -- 12.5.2.1 Case study 1-tea tree oil allergy -- 12.5.2.2 Case study 2-tea tree oil allergy -- 12.5.3 Lavender oil -- 12.5.3.1 Case study 1-lavender oil allergy -- 12.6 Essential oils used for food industry -- 12.6.1 Cinnamon essential oil -- 12.6.1.1 Case study-cinnamon essential oil -- 12.6.2 Peppermint oil -- 12.6.2.1 Case study-peppermint oil -- 12.7 Other specialized plant metabolites allergy -- 12.7.1 Case study-flavonoids -- 12.7.2 Case study-hesperidin -- 12.7.3 Case study-flavocoxid -- 12.8 Aspect of allergic immune reactions to essential oils -- 12.9 Analytical techniques for detection of allergens -- 12.10 Conclusions -- References -- 13 Encapsulation of specialized plant metabolites for the consistent and persistent cosmeceuticals -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Techniques and meterials used for encapsulation of cosmeceutical active ingredients -- 13.2.1 Spray drying -- 13.2.2 Spray chilling/spray cooling -- 13.2.3 Coacervation -- 13.2.4 Ionotropic gelation -- 13.2.5 Interfacial polymerization. , 13.2.6 Fluid-bed coating.
    Weitere Ausg.: Print version: Kathuria, Deepika Specialized Plant Metabolites As Cosmeceuticals San Diego : Elsevier,c2024 ISBN 9780443191480
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Weinheim :Wiley-VCH,
    UID:
    almafu_9959328781102883
    Umfang: 1 online resource : , illustrations
    ISBN: 9783527655946 , 3527655948 , 9783527655977 , 3527655972 , 9781299178762 , 1299178766
    Anmerkung: Machine generated contents note: 1. Lipidomics Perspective: From Molecular Lipidomics to Validated Clinical Diagnostics / Kim Ekroos -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Hierarchical Categorization of the Analytical Lipid Outputs -- 1.2.1. Lipid Class -- 1.2.2. Sum Compositions -- 1.2.3. Molecular Lipids -- 1.2.4. Structurally Defined Molecular Lipids -- 1.3. The Type of Lipid Information Delivers Different Biological Knowledge -- 1.4. Untying New Biological Evidences through Molecular Lipidomic Applications -- 1.5. Molecular Lipidomics Approaches Clinical Diagnostics -- 1.6. Current Roadblocks in Lipidomics -- 1.7. Conclusions -- References -- 2. Lipids in Cells / Michal Surma -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Basis of Cellular Lipid Distribution -- 2.3. Lipid Distribution by Nonvesicular Routes -- 2.4. Lipids in Different Cell Types -- 2.5. Functional Implications of Membrane Lipid Composition -- 2.6. Outlook: Collectives and Phase Separation -- References -- 3. High-Throughput Molecular Lipidomics / Kim Ekroos -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Lipid Diversity -- 3.3. Function of Molecular Lipids -- 3.4. Automated Sample Preparation -- 3.5. Different Approaches to Molecular Lipidomics -- 3.5.1. Untargeted versus Targeted Approaches -- 3.5.2. Shotgun Lipidomics -- 3.5.3. Analytical Validation of the Shotgun Approach -- 3.5.4. Targeted LC-MS Lipidomics -- 3.6. Data Processing and Evaluation -- 3.7. Lipidomic Workflows -- 3.8. Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- 4. Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry-Based Shotgun Lipidomics / Xianlin Han -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry-Based Shotgun Lipidomics -- 4.2.1. Intrasource Separation -- 4.2.2. The Principle of Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry -- 4.2.3. Variables in Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry -- 4.2.3.1. Variables in Fragment Monitoring by Tandem MS Scans -- 4.2.3.2. Variables Related to the Infusion Conditions -- 4.2.3.3. Variables under Ionization Conditions -- 4.2.3.4. Variables under Collision Conditions -- 4.2.3.5. Variables Related to the Sample Preparations -- 4.3. Application of Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry-Based Shotgun Lipidomics for Lipidomic Analysis -- 4.3.1. Identification of Lipid Molecular Species by 2D Mass Spectrometry -- 4.3.1.1. Identification of Anionic Lipids -- 4.3.1.2. Identification of Weakly Anionic Lipids -- 4.3.1.3. Identification of Charge Neutral but Polar Lipids -- 4.3.1.4. Identification of Sphingolipids -- 4.3.1.5. The Concerns of the MDMS-Based Shotgun Lipidomics for Identification of Lipid Species -- 4.3.2. Quantification of Lipid Molecular Species by MDMS-Based Shotgun Lipidomics -- 4.3.2.1. The Principle of Quantification of Individual Lipid Species by MS -- 4.3.2.2. Quantification by Using a Two-Step Procedure in MDMS-Based Shotgun Lipidomics -- 4.3.2.3. Quantitative Analysis of PEX7 Mouse Brain Lipidome by MDMS-Based Shotgun Lipidomics -- 4.4. Conclusions -- References -- 5. Targeted Lipidomics: Sphingolipidomics / M. Cameron Sullards -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Sphingolipids Description and Nomenclature -- 5.3. Sphingolipids Analysis via Targeted LC-MS/MS -- 5.3.1. Sphingolipid Internal Standards -- 5.3.2. Biological Sample Preparation and Storage -- 5.3.3. Sphingolipid Extraction Protocol -- 5.3.4. Liquid Chromatography -- 5.3.4.1. LCBs and Cer1P -- 5.3.4.2. Cer, HexCer, LacCer, SM, ST, and Cer1P -- 5.3.4.3. Separation of GlcCer and GalCer -- 5.3.5. Mass Spectrometry -- 5.3.5.1. Electrospray Ionization -- 5.3.5.2. Tandem Mass Spectrometry -- 5.3.5.3. Multiple Reaction Monitoring -- 5.3.6. Generation of Standard Curves -- 5.3.7. Data Analysis -- 5.3.8. Quality Control -- 5.4. Applications of Sphingolipidomics in Biology and Disease -- 5.4.1. LC-MS/MS -- 5.4.2. Transcriptomic Guided Tissue Imaging Mass Spectrometry -- 5.5. Conclusions -- References -- 6. Structural Lipidomics / Stephen J. Blanksby -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Lipid Structure -- 6.3. Structural Analysis of Lipids by Mass Spectrometry -- 6.4.sn Position -- 6.5. Double Bond Position -- 6.5.1. Untargeted Fragmentation -- 6.5.2. Targeted Fragmentation -- 6.6. Double Bond Stereochemistry -- 6.7. Conclusions -- References -- 7. Imaging Lipids in Tissues by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry / Robert C. Murphy -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Sample Preparation -- 7.3. Matrix -- 7.3.1. Techniques for Matrix Application -- 7.3.2. Matrix Compounds -- 7.4. Instrumentation -- 7.4.1. Lasers and Rastering -- 7.4.2. Ion Formation -- 7.4.3. Mass Analyzers and Ion Detection -- 7.5. Data Processing -- 7.6. Conclusions -- References -- 8. Lipid Informatics: From a Mass Spectrum to Interactomics / Kirill Tarasov -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Lipid Nomenclature -- 8.3. Basic Properties of Lipid Mass spectrometric Data -- 8.3.1. Mass Spectrum -- 8.3.2. Mass Accuracy and Reproducibility -- 8.3.3. Isotopes, Deisotoping, and Isotope Correction -- 8.4. Data Processing -- 8.4.1. De Novo Lipid Identification -- 8.4.2. Targeted Export of Lipidomic Data -- 8.4.3. Normalization of lipidomic Data -- 8.5. Lipidomic Data Mining and Visualization -- 8.5.1.Comparative Lipidomics -- 8.5.2. Multivariate Data Analysis -- 8.5.3. Lipidomics in Biomarker Research -- 8.6. Lipidomic Data Integration -- 8.7. Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- 9. Lipids in Human Diseases / Scott A. , Summers -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Obesity -- 9.3. Dyslipidemia -- 9.4. Diabetes -- 9.5. Cardiovascular Disorders -- 9.6. Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy -- 9.7. Neurodegeneration -- 9.8. Cancer -- 9.9. Lysosomal Storage Disorders -- 9.10. Cystic Fibrosis -- 9.11. Anti-Inflammatory Lipid Mediators -- 9.12. Conclusions -- References -- 10. Lipidomics in Lipoprotein Biology / Anatol Kontush -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Metabolism of Lipoproteins -- 10.3. Lipoproteinomics in Normolipidemic Subjects -- 10.3.1. Phospholipids -- 10.3.1.1. Phosphatidylcholine -- 10.3.1.2. Lysophosphatidylcholine -- 10.3.1.3. Phosphatidylethanolamine -- 10.3.1.4. Phosphatidylethanolamine Plasmalogens -- 10.3.1.5. Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylserine, Phosphatidylglycerol, and Phosphatidic Acid -- 10.3.1.6. Cardiolipin -- 10.3.1.7. Isoprostane-Containing PC -- 10.3.2. Sphingolipids -- 10.3.2.1. Sphingomyelin -- 10.3.2.2. Lysosphingolipids -- 10.3.2.3. Ceramide -- 10.3.2.4. Minor Sphingolipids -- 10.3.3. Sterols -- 10.3.4. Cholesteryl Esters -- 10.3.5. Triacylglycerides -- 10.3.6. Minor Lipids -- 10.4. Altered Lipoproteinomics in Dyslipidemia -- 10.4.1. Phospholipids -- 10.4.1.1. Phosphatidylcholine -- 10.4.1.2. Lysophosphatidylcholine -- 10.4.1.3. Phosphatidylethanolamine -- 10.4.1.4. Phosphatidylethanolamine Plasmalogens -- 10.4.1.5. Phosphatidylinositol -- 10.4.1.6. Isoprostane-Containing PC -- 10.4.2. Sphingolipids -- 10.4.2.1. Sphingomyelin -- 10.4.2.2. Lysosphingolipids: S1P and Dihydro S1P -- 10.4.2.3. Ceramide -- 10.4.3. Free Cholesterol -- 10.4.4. Cholesteryl Esters -- 10.4.5. Triacylglycerides -- 10.4.6. Minor Lipids -- 10.4.6.1. Nonesterified Fatty Acids -- 10.4.6.2. Ganglioside GM1 -- 10.4.6.3. Oxidized Lipids -- 10.5. Conclusions -- References -- 11. Mediator Lipidomics in Inflammation Research / Yosuke Isobe -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. PUFA-Derived Lipid Mediators: Formation and Action -- 11.3. LC-ESI-MS/MS-Based Lipidomics -- 11.3.1. Sample Preparation -- 11.3.2. LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis -- 11.4. Mediator Lipidomics in Inflammation and Resolution -- 11.5. Conclusion and Future Perspective -- References -- 12. Lipidomics for Elucidation of Metabolic Syndrome and Related Lipid Metabolic Disorder / Hiroki Nakanishi -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. Basic Strategy of Lipidomics for Elucidating Metabolic Changes of Lipids at the Level of their Molecular Species in Metabolic Syndrome and Related Diseases -- 12.3. Analytical Systems by Mass Spectrometry in Lipidomics -- 12.3.1. LC-MS and LC-MS/MS Analyses for Global Detection of Phospholipids and Triglycerides -- 12.3.2. Infusion Analysis with Precursor Ion and Neutral Loss Scanning -- 12.3.3. Targeted Analysis by Multiple Reaction Monitoring for Oxidized Lipids and Lipid Mediators by LC-MS/MS on Triple-Stage Quadrupole Mass Spectrometers -- 12.4. Lipidomic Data Processing -- 12.4.1. Strategy of Lipid Search -- 12.4.2. Application and Identification Results of "Lipid Search" -- 12.5. Analysis of Lipids as Markers of Metabolic Syndrome -- 12.5.1. Oxidized Phospholipids -- 12.5.1.1. Application for Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Model -- 12.5.2. Bioactive Acidic Phospholipids -- 12.5.2.1. Lysophosphatidic Acid -- 12.5.2.2. Phosphoinositides -- 12.5.3. Oxidative Triglycerides -- 12.5.3.1. Application for Mouse White Adipose Tissue -- 12.5.4. Sphingolipids -- 12.5.4.1. Application for Sphinogolipid Metabolism -- 12.6. Direct Detection of Lipid Molecular Species in Specific Tissue Domains by Disease-Specific Changes -- 12.7. Conclusions -- References -- 13. Lipidomics in Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease / Reijo Laaksonen -- 13.1. Introduction -- 13.2. Lipids and Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease -- 13.2.1. Lipoproteins -- 13.2.2. Atherosclerotic Plaque -- 13.2.3. Molecular Lipids -- 13.2.3.1. Eicosanoids -- 13.2.3.2. Sphingolipids and Cholesterol -- 13.2.3.3. Phospholipids -- 13.2.4. Animal Models of Atherosclerotic Research -- 13.3. Diagnostics and Treatment -- 13.3.1. Diagnostic Biomarkers of Atherosclerosis -- 13.3.2. Lipidomics in Efficacy and Safety Measurements -- 13.4. Conclusions -- References -- 14. Lipid Metabolism in Neurodegenerative Diseases / Markus R. Wenk -- 14.1. Introduction -- 14.1.1. Brain Lipids -- 14.1.2. Mass Spectrometry of Brain Lipids -- 14.2. Alzheimer's Disease -- 14.2.1. Cholesterol and Cholesterol Esters -- 14.2.2. Sulfatides -- 14.2.3. Plasmalogen Ethanolamines -- 14.2.4. Phospholipases -- 14.2.4.1. Phospholipase A2 -- 14.2.4.2. Phospholipase C and Phospholipase D -- 14.3. Parkinson's Disease -- 14.3.1. Cerebrosides -- 14.3.2. Coenzyme Q -- 14.3.3. Endocannabinoids -- 14.4. Conclusions -- References -- 15. The Tumor Mitochondrial Lipidome and Respiratory Bioenergetic Insufficiency / Michael A. Kiebish -- 15.1. Introduction -- 15.1.1. Lipidomic Abnormalities in Tumor Mitochondria.
    Weitere Ausg.: Print version: Lipidomics. Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, ©2012 ISBN 9783527330980
    Sprache: Englisch
    Fachgebiete: Chemie/Pharmazie , Biologie , Medizin
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    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books. ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books.
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