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Format: 1 online resource (383 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9783030233921

Series Statement: The Urban Book Series

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Introduction -- 1 Modernist Housing Estates in the Baltic Countries: Formation, Current Challenges and Future Prospects -- Abstract -- 1.1 Introduction -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Context and Vision -- 2 A Turbulent Political History and the Legacy of State Socialism in the Baltic Countries -- Abstract -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Long Road to Nation-Statehood, Loss and Restoration of Independence -- 2.3 Socio-Economic Development -- 2.4 Demographic Development, Urbanisation and Ethnic Composition -- 2.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 3 The Rise and Demise of the Soviet-Made Housing Shortage in the Baltic Countries -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Nationalisation and Market Suppression -- 3.3 An Underurbanisation Crisis -- 3.4 Housing Construction -- 3.5 Housing Tenure -- 3.6 Housing Allocation -- 3.7 Housing Construction in Soviet Daugavpils -- 3.8 Housing Allocation in Soviet Daugavpils -- 3.9 Conclusion -- References -- 4 The Exceptional Design of Large Housing Estates in the Baltic Countries -- Abstract -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 A New Type of Apartment Building and a New Type of Soviet Neighbourhood -- 4.3 Prefabricated Mass Housing and Microrayons Are Introduced to the Baltic Republics -- 4.4 Experimental Design: The Growth of Local Expertise and the Role of Architects -- 4.5 Nordic Influence -- 4.6 Recipients of Architectural Excellence Awards: Žirmūnai, Lazdynai and Väike-Õismäe -- 4.6.1 Žirmūnai -- 4.6.2 Lazdynai -- 4.6.3 Väike-Õismäe -- 4.7 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5 Baltic Crossings: Soviet Housing Estates and Dreams of Forest-Suburbs -- Abstract -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Addressing Persistent Housing Demand -- 5.3 From Mikrorayons to Grand Ensembles to Paper Architecture -- 5.4 Crossing the Baltic Sea. , 5.5 Variations in Standardisation -- 5.6 Finnish Influences on Estonian Multifamily Housing -- 5.7 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- 6 Mass Housing and Extensive Urbanism in the Baltic Countries and Central/Eastern Europe: A Comparative Overview -- Abstract -- 6.1 Mass Housing in the Baltics and the USSR: A Contextual Overview -- 6.2 The Satellite States: From Dissidence to Decomposition -- 6.3 Housing Architecture in the Satellite States -- 6.4 Divergences from Orthodox Modernism -- 6.5 Socialist Exceptions: Mass Housing in Romania and Yugoslavia -- 6.6 The 'Ongoing Revolution': Self-management and Monumentality in Yugoslavia -- 6.7 Novi Beograd: Planning by 'Blok' -- 6.8 Conclusion -- References -- Housing the Masses: Establishing Socialist-Modernist Housing Estates in the Baltic Countries -- 7 Architectural Transcendence in Soviet-Era Housing: Evidence from Socialist Residential Districts in Tallinn, Estonia -- Abstract -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Mikrorayons: Centrepieces of Socialist Urban Form -- 7.2.1 The Role of Socialist Architects in City Planning -- 7.3 Research Strategy -- 7.4 An Ensemble of Mid-Twentieth Century of Housing Estates in Tallinn, Estonia -- 7.4.1 Mustamäe: A Cautious Test of Socialist Residential Planning Principles -- 7.4.2 Väike-Õismäe: Aerial Architecture in a 1970s Makrorayon -- 7.4.3 Lasnamäe: Soviet Megalomania, Built to Only Half Completion -- 7.5 Challenges and Opportunities in Large Housing Estates in Soviet Estonia -- 7.5.1 International Knowledge Inspires Architects of Large Housing Estates -- 7.5.2 Architects in Estonia Maintain a Consistently Strong Role in Town Planning Practice -- 7.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Socialist Ideals and Physical Reality: Large Housing Estates in Riga, Latvia -- Abstract -- 8.1 Introduction. , 8.2 Social and Economic Context of Housing Development in the USSR -- 8.3 The Development of Riga -- 8.4 Physical Organisation of Large Housing Estates -- 8.5 Eras of Residential Development -- 8.6 Current Tendencies and Future Challenges -- 8.7 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Living in a Large Housing Estate: Insider Perspectives from Lithuania -- Abstract -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Data Collection -- 9.3 Acquiring a New Apartment -- 9.4 Moving In -- 9.5 Deficiencies -- 9.6 Neighbours -- 9.7 Daily Life -- 9.8 Comparisons and Evaluation -- 9.9 Temporal Dimensions -- 9.10 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Exploring the Socio-Demographic and Ethnic Characteristics of Previous and Current Housing Estate Dwellers -- 10 Socio-economic and Ethnic Trajectories of Housing Estates in Tallinn, Estonia -- Abstract -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Methods and Data -- 10.3 Urban and Housing Policy Conditions for Spatial Change in Housing Estates -- 10.4 Socio-economic and Ethnic Trajectories of Neighbourhoods -- 10.5 Discussion and Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 11 Residential Change and Socio-demographic Challenges for Large Housing Estates in Riga, Latvia -- Abstract -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Setting the Scene: Socio-economic and Spatial Transformation in Riga -- 11.3 Data and Methods -- 11.4 Soviet-Era Housing Estates in Riga -- 11.5 Demographic, Ethnic and Socio-economic Trajectories of Large Housing Estates in Riga -- 11.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 12 Soviet Housing Estates in Vilnius, Lithuania: Socio-ethnic Structure and Future(-Less?) Perspectives -- Abstract -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Soviet Housing Estates and the Housing Structure of Vilnius -- 12.3 Brief Overview of Previous Studies -- 12.4 Data and Methods -- 12.5 Socio-ethnic Differentiation and Trajectories of Change in Vilnius. , 12.5.1 Ethnic Structure -- 12.5.2 Age Structure -- 12.5.3 Educational Attainment -- 12.5.4 Occupational Structure -- 12.6 Detailed Spatial Level Analysis: Socio-ethnic Composition in 2011 -- 12.6.1 Ethnic Structure -- 12.6.2 Age Structure -- 12.6.3 Educational and Occupational Structure -- 12.7 Individual-Level Analysis: Social Dimensions of Ethnic Differentiation in Soviet-Era Apartments -- 12.8 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Complexities of Built Environments in Housing Estates -- 13 Incomplete Service Networks in Enduring Socialist Housing Estates: Retrospective Evidence from Local Centres in Estonia -- Abstract -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Planned Residential Districts in Socialist Cities -- 13.3 Service Networks Offer Function and Convenience -- 13.4 Service Networks Fall Short of Promises -- 13.5 Väike-Õismäe-An Unfinished Macrorayon -- 13.5.1 The Mikrorayon Takes Shape as a Planning Unit -- 13.5.2 From Mikrorayon to Makrorayon: Initial Planning Task for Väike-Õismäe -- 13.5.3 Planned Service Network of the 1968 Detailed Plan -- 13.5.4 The 1974 Revision of Väike-Õismäe Detailed Plan and the Construction Process -- 13.5.5 Debates About Socialist Urbanism in the 1970s -- 13.5.6 An Incomplete Residential Area Wins the Soviet State Architectural Prize -- 13.5.7 Väike-Õismäe Service Networks After the System Change -- 13.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 14 Collectivist Ideals and Soviet Consumer Spaces: Mikrorayon Commercial Centres in Vilnius, Lithuania and Tallinn, Estonia -- Abstract -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 From Neighbourhood Planning and ABC Towns to Soviet Mikrorayon Centres -- 14.2.1 Mikrorayon Centres in Vilnius-From Žirmūnai to Šeškinė -- 14.3 ABC Centres in Mustamäe and Other Housing Estates in Tallinn -- 14.4 Conclusion: Mikrorayon Centres Function as Soviet Consumer Spaces -- Acknowledgements -- References. , Literature in Cyrillic Script -- Archival Materials -- 15 Between Community and Private Ownership in Centrally Planned Residential Space: Governing Parking in Socialist Housing Estates -- Abstract -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Centrally Managed Housing Estates: Vehicular Mobility Restriction Plans -- 15.3 Governing Housing Estates Through FOAs: The Challenges of Parking -- 15.4 Three Measures of Intervention in Parking in Housing Estates -- 15.5 Conclusion -- 15.6 List of Interviews -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Imagining the Future Lives of Housing Estates -- 16 State-Subsidised Refurbishment of Socialist Apartment Buildings in Estonia -- Abstract -- 16.1 Refurbishment Motivators -- 16.2 Estonian Apartment Building Stock -- 16.3 Energy Efficiency and the Current Technical State of Estonian Apartment Building Stock -- 16.4 Refurbishment Grant Schemes in Estonia -- 16.5 The Economic Impact Involved in Refurbishment Work on Apartment Buildings-National Economic Impact -- 16.6 The Impact upon Households of Refurbishment Work -- 16.7 Refurbishment Bottlenecks -- 16.8 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 17 Retrofitting Soviet-Era Apartment Buildings with 'Smart City' Features: The H2020 SmartEnCity Project in Tartu, Estonia -- Abstract -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 The Smart City Approach -- 17.3 Retrofitting the SmartEnCity Housing Estate Districts in Tartu -- 17.3.1 Overview of the SmartEnCity Project in Tartu -- 17.3.2 Retrofit Plans for Apartment Buildings -- 17.3.3 SmartEnCity Stakeholders -- 17.4 Social Considerations of the SmartEnCity Project -- 17.5 Discussion and Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Index.

Additional Edition: Print version: Hess, Daniel Baldwin Housing Estates in the Baltic Countries Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2019 ISBN 9783030233914

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books. ; Electronic books ; Case studies ; Edited volumes

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UID:

Format: 1 online resource (242 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9783031388941

Note: Intro -- Disclaimer and Conflict of Interest -- Funding -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Author -- List of Figures -- Chapter 1: PeaceTech World -- 1.1 PeaceTech in Action -- 1.1.1 Seán -- 1.1.2 Paul -- 1.1.3 Atem -- 1.1.4 Aker -- 1.1.5 Nick -- 1.2 Introducing PeaceTech -- 1.3 About This Book -- 1.4 Book Structure -- References -- Part I: What Is PeaceTech? -- Chapter 2: PeaceTech: What Is It? -- 2.1 Legacies -- 2.2 Defining PeaceTech -- 2.3 What Is Digital Innovation? -- 2.4 What Is Peacebuilding? -- 2.5 The Problem With Definitions -- 2.6 Peacebuilding Ripples -- 2.7 PeaceTech and Ending Wars -- References -- Chapter 3: PeaceTech Technologies -- 3.1 Running Hard to Stand Still -- 3.2 What Are the Key New PeaceTech Technologies? -- 3.3 The Fourth Industrial Revolution -- 3.4 Key PeaceTech Technologies -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: PeaceTech Drivers -- 4.1 Locating PeaceTech -- 4.2 Humanitarian and Development Tech Initiatives -- 4.3 CyberSecurity and SecTech -- 4.4 WarTech? -- 4.5 Drivers of Digital Innovation: Value -- 4.6 Drivers of PeaceTech -- 4.6.1 Creativity-at-work -- 4.6.2 'Shiny' ('Now I'll eat you, so prepare your final plea') -- 4.6.3 It Is Lower Risk to Fund -- 4.6.4 Evidence-Based Approaches to Intervention -- 4.6.5 Global Southern-Based 'Needs Must' -- 4.6.6 Supporting More Inclusive Peace Processes -- 4.6.7 Covid Effect -- 4.7 Disruption of Peacebuilding Practice -- References -- Chapter 5: Double Disruption -- 5.1 There's This Trick With a Knife I'm Learning to Do -- 5.2 Disruption -- 5.3 'Change Everything Except Your Wife and Kids' -- 5.4 PeaceTech and Disruption -- 5.5 Double Disruption -- 5.6 A Potted History of Peace Processes -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Doing PeaceTech -- Chapter 6: PeaceTech Ecosystem -- 6.1 Who Does PeaceTech? -- 6.1.1 Observe First, the Collective Story. , 6.1.2 Observe Each Story -- 6.2 Local Peacebuilders -- 6.3 International Peacebuilders -- 6.4 Private Companies and Philanthropy -- 6.5 Universities -- 6.6 PeaceTech Funders -- 6.7 PeaceTech 'Enablers and Connectors' -- 6.8 United Nations -- 6.8.1 UN Policy Direction: Digital Transformation -- 6.8.2 UN Digital Innovation Cell, UN Department of Political and Peacekeeping Affairs -- 6.8.3 Peacekeeping and Political Missions -- 6.8.4 Other Peace-Related Departments and Digital Innovation -- 6.9 The Ecosystem -- 6.10 A Word About Ecosystems -- 6.11 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Doing One Thing -- 7.1 Journeys and Single Steps -- 7.2 Ceasefires in a Pandemic -- 7.3 UN Secretary General's Global Ceasefire Call -- 7.4 Rapid Ceasefire 'Data' -- 7.5 The Covid Ceasefires Tracker -- 7.5.1 Creating a Dataset -- 7.5.2 Iterative Design and Co-creating with End Users -- 7.5.3 Reuse and Repurpose: Future-proofing All Tools -- 7.5.4 Funding -- 7.5.5 Ceasefire Tracker Outcomes: Quick Evaluation -- 7.5.6 Doing PeaceTech: Covid Tracker Lessons -- 7.6 The PeaceFem App Story -- 7.6.1 PeaceFem-What Is It? -- 7.6.2 Doing PeaceTech: PeaceFem Lessons -- 7.6.3 PeaceFem Outcomes: Quick Evaluation -- 7.7 Work Flows -- 7.8 Using the PeaceTech Ecosystem -- References -- Chapter 8: PeaceTech as Hack -- 8.1 Task-Based Digital Innovation -- 8.2 Peacebuilding Tasks -- 8.3 'One Thing' Digital Technologies -- 8.4 Peace Tech Value-Added -- 8.5 'Ad hoc-ery'-Good or Bad? -- 8.5.1 PeaceTech as Retro-fitting -- 8.5.2 PeaceTech as Modularization -- 8.5.3 Hacks as Experimental Response to Disruption -- 8.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Conflict Early Warning Systems -- 9.1 I Predict a Riot -- 9.2 Conflict Early Warning Systems: What Are They? -- 9.3 From EWS to CEWS -- 9.4 Who Do CEWS Alert? -- 9.5 CEWS in Practice -- 9.6 Variation in CEWS. , 9.6.1 How Early Is the Early? Variation in Time Horizons -- 9.6.2 Who Are the 'Decision-Makers'? -- 9.7 Digital Innovation and CEWS -- 9.7.1 Innovation in Data and Data Analytics -- 9.7.2 Innovation in Data Gathering Tools -- 9.7.3 Innovation in Statistical Techniques -- 9.7.4 Innovation in Technology of Communication of Risk -- 9.8 What Does It Take for a CEWS to Work? -- 9.9 New Generation CEWS: Hocus-pocus Tech? -- 9.10 Predicting Peace-Peace Early Warning Systems? -- References -- Chapter 10: Peace and Space -- 10.1 War and Peace -- 10.2 New Capacities -- 10.3 Embracing Failure: To Boldly Go -- 10.4 Geographical Information Systems, Geocoding, and Remote-Sensing -- 10.5 Space, Conflict and Peace -- 10.6 Geocoding -- 10.6.1 Conflict Data -- 10.6.2 Reporting -- 10.6.3 Geocoding Spatial Imagery -- 10.6.4 Geo-coding Peace? -- 10.7 Risks of GIS -- 10.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Peace Analytics -- 11.1 Searching for Political Imagination -- 11.2 Emergent Peace Analytics -- 11.3 PA-X Peace Agreement Database -- 11.4 Peace Process Data -- 11.5 PA-X Extension -- 11.6 Data Interoperability -- 11.7 Research and Development for Peace Analytics -- 11.8 'Peace Analytics' -- 11.9 Challenges of Data Development -- 11.9.1 Software Choices -- 11.9.2 Staffing and Environment -- 11.10 End-Users of Peace Analytics -- 11.11 What Does 'Peace Analytics' Help Us to Do? -- 11.12 Where Next? -- 11.13 Peace Analytics and Double Disruption -- 11.14 Conclusion -- References -- Part III: PeaceTech Challenges -- Chapter 12: Doing PeaceTech -- 12.1 Learning Through Doing -- 12.2 Why Digital Transformations Fail -- 12.3 When to Do Something -- 12.4 Shiny-Beware! -- 12.5 Scope Versus Usability -- 12.6 Know and Collaborate With 'End-Users' -- 12.7 Making Good Tech Choices -- 12.8 Building Digital Team Capacity -- 12.9 Sustainability in All Decisions. , 12.10 Design to Future-Proof -- 12.11 Returning Data and Feedback Loops -- 12.12 Learn From the Local -- 12.13 Complicated Issues -- References -- Chapter 13: Ethics and Morals -- 13.1 PeaceTech WarTech Interfaces -- 13.2 Unpicking Ethical Concerns -- 13.3 Ethical and Moral Concerns -- 13.4 Impact Concerns: Ethics, Harm and Data Protection -- 13.4.1 Ethical and Data Protection Frameworks -- 13.4.2 Research or Intelligence? -- 13.4.3 CyberWar Risks -- 13.4.4 Dual Use Restrictions -- 13.4.5 Risk to Peace Processes: Too Much Knowing -- 13.4.6 'Do No Harm' Frameworks -- 13.5 Process Concerns: Ethical Design -- 13.6 Techno-Moral Principles -- 13.7 Emergent Responsive Standards -- 13.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 14: PeaceTech Futures -- 14.1 A PeaceTech Hype-Cycle Audit -- 14.2 Peace Analytics -- 14.3 PeaceTech Manifesto -- References -- Authorities (Legal and Related) -- Cases -- Constitutions -- Peace and Transition Agreements -- UN Resolutions -- Websites Referred To -- References -- Index.

Additional Edition: Print version: Bell, Christine PeaceTech: Digital Transformation to End Wars Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2024 ISBN 9783031388934

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books.

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Format: XII, 451 S. 315 Abb. , online resource.

Edition: 2nd ed. 2003.

ISBN: 9783322940544

Series Statement: Teubner Studienbücher Bauwesen

Content: Zentrales Anliegen des Buches ist eine widerspruchsfreie Grundlagenvermittlung. Nach der dem neuesten Stand der Wissenschaft entsprechenden Beschreibung der Baustoffeigenschaften wird das Sicherheitskonzept vorgestellt und die Beanspruchung aus Last und Zwang charakterisiert. Die beiden Autoren beschreiben nach Erörterung von Kraftfluss in Stahlbetonteilen die einzelnen Bemessungsmodelle im Gebrauchs- und Bruchzustand und liefern die Begründung für die konstruktive Durchbildung der Bauteile. In einzelnen Schritten wird an einem konkreten Gebäude die Ingenieurarbeit veranschaulicht. Besonderen Wert legen die Autoren auf die Erläuterung der zweckmäßigen Systemwahl zur Beschreibung des Bauwerksverhaltens, damit die Leser so Einblicke in das Vorgehen eines Ingenieurs gewinnen können.

Note: 1 Bauwerke aus Stahlbeton -- 1.1 Gliederung der Bauwerkstypen -- 1.2 Überführung eines Bauwerks in ein Tragwerk -- 2 Ausgangsstoffe des Stahlbetons -- 2.1 Beton -- 2.2 Betonstahl -- 2.3 Verbundgesetze und Mitwirkung des Betons zwischen den Rissen -- 3 Einwirkungen auf Bauwerke -- 3.1 Lasteinwirkungen -- 3.2 Verformungseinwirkungen -- 3.3 Mechanische Klassifikation der Einwirkungen -- 3.4 Lastannahmen in Deutschen und Europäischen Normen -- 4 Sicherheitskonzept und Nachweiskonzept -- 4.1 Definition der Grenzzustände -- 4.2 Sicherheitstheorie -- 4.3 Nachweisformat nach DIN 1045-1 -- 5 Schnittgrößenermittlung -- 5.1 Tragwerksidealisierung -- 5.2 Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Schnittgrößen -- 5.3 Definition der Schnittgrößenumlagerung -- 5.4 Ermittlung der Schnittgrößen nach DIN 1045-1 -- 6 Verhalten von Stahlbetonbauteilen -- 6.1 Verhalten von Stahlbetonstäben -- 6.2 Verhalten von Stahlbetonbalken -- 7 Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit -- 7.1 Rechenmodelle und Annahmen -- 7.2 Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit infolge Biegung mit Normalkraft -- 7.3 Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit infolge Querkraft -- 7.4 Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit infolge Torsion -- 7.5 Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit beeinflusst durch Tragwerksverf -- 8 Grenzzustände der Gebrauchstauglichkeit -- 8.1 Begrenzung der Stahl- und Betonspannung -- 8.2 Begrenzung der Durchbiegung -- 8.3 Beschränkung der Rissbreiten -- 8.4 Verformungseinwirkung im Gebrauchszustand -- 9 Diskontinuitätsbereiche -- 9.1 Stabwerkmodelle -- 9.2 Öffnungen in Trägern -- 9.3 Lasteinleitungsbereiche -- 9.4 Konsolen -- 9.5 Indirekte Lagerungen -- 9.6 Ausklinkungen -- 9.7 Rahmenecken und Rahmenknoten -- 9.8 Krümmungen -- 9.9 Höhenversprünge an Balken -- 9.10 Trapezträger -- 9.11 Teilflächenbelastung -- 10 Platten -- 10.1 Theorie -- 10.2 Abgrenzung und Einteilung von Platten -- 10.3 Einachsig gespannte Platten -- 10.4 Mehrachsig gespannte Platten -- 10.5 Punktförmig gelagerte Platten -- 10.6 Öffnungen in Platten -- 10.7 Unterbrochene Stützung -- 10.8 Konstruktive Durchbildung von Platten -- 11 Scheiben und wandartige Träger -- 11.1 Wandartige Einfeldträger -- 11.2 Wandartige Mehrfeldträger -- 11.3 Scheibe unter horizontaler Belastung -- 11.4 Die Finite-Elemente-Methode -- 12 Konstruktive Durchbildung -- 12.1 Verankerungslängen -- 12.2 Stöße -- 12.3 Zugkraftdeckung -- 12.4 Querkraft- und Torsionsbewehrung -- 12.5 Sonstige Konstruktionsregeln -- 12.6 Bewehrung stabförmiger Bauteile -- Symbole und Abkürzungen.

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Additional Edition: Printed edition: ISBN 9783519102168

Language: German

Keywords: Lehrbuch ; Lehrbuch

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-322-94054-4

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Format: 1 online resource (479 pages)

ISBN: 9789811679452

Note: Intro -- Acknowledgment -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Cancer Profile in the Arab World: An Overview -- 1.3 Cancer Risk Factors -- 1.4 Current Circumstantial Analysis -- 1.5 Oncology Care in the Arab World -- 1.5.1 Role of Cancer Registries -- 1.5.2 Functionality of Oncology Societies in the Arab Region -- 1.6 Cancer Control Framework Recommendations -- 1.7 Cancer in the Arab World Book -- 1.7.1 Book Structure -- 1.8 Closing the Gaps in the Cancer Care System -- 1.9 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 2: General Oncology Care in Algeria -- 2.1 Algeria Demographics -- 2.2 Cancer Statistics in Algeria -- 2.2.1 Cancer Incidence in Algeria -- 2.3 Oncology Care in Algeria -- 2.3.1 National Cancer Control Plan 2015-2019 -- 2.4 Cancer Risk Factors -- 2.5 Cancer Screening Programs -- 2.5.1 Cervical Cancer -- 2.5.2 Breast Cancer -- 2.5.3 Colorectal Cancer -- 2.5.4 Prostate Cancer -- 2.6 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 2.7 Cancer Diagnosis -- 2.8 Treatment -- 2.8.1 Medical Oncology -- 2.8.2 Radiation Therapy -- 2.8.3 Surgery -- 2.8.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 2.8.5 Survivorship Track -- 2.8.6 Palliative Care Track -- 2.9 Research and Education -- 2.9.1 Clinical Trials and Research -- 2.9.2 Scientific Publications -- 2.9.3 Training and Education -- 2.9.4 Paramedical Training -- 2.10 Cost Effective Cancer Care -- 2.11 Challenges and Advantages -- 2.11.1 Access to Innovative Treatments -- 2.11.2 Cancer Care -- 2.12 The Future of Cancer Care in Algeria -- 2.13 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: General Oncology Care in Bahrain -- 3.1 Bahrain Demographics -- 3.2 Cancer Statistics in Bahrain -- 3.3 Oncology Care in Bahrain -- 3.4 Cancer Risk Factors -- 3.5 Cancer Screening Programs -- 3.6 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 3.7 Cancer Diagnosis -- 3.8 Treatment -- 3.8.1 Medical Oncology. , 3.8.2 Radiation Therapy -- 3.8.3 Surgery -- 3.8.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 3.8.5 Survivorship Track -- 3.8.6 Palliative Care Track -- 3.9 Research and Education -- 3.9.1 National Tumor Board (NTB) -- 3.10 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 3.11 Challenges and Advantages -- 3.12 The Future of Cancer Care in Bahrain -- 3.13 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: General Oncology Care in Egypt -- 4.1 Egypt Demographics -- 4.1.1 Population -- 4.1.2 Regions -- 4.1.3 Economy -- 4.1.4 Government -- 4.1.5 Life Expectancy -- 4.2 Cancer Statistics in Egypt -- 4.3 Oncology Care in Egypt -- 4.3.1 Liver Cancer -- 4.3.2 Breast Cancer -- 4.3.3 Bladder Cancer -- 4.4 Cancer Risk Factors -- 4.4.1 Liver Cancer -- 4.4.2 Bladder Cancer -- 4.5 Cancer Screening Programs -- 4.6 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 4.6.1 Anti-Schistosomiasis Campaigns -- 4.6.2 Anti-HCV and HBV Campaigns -- 4.7 Cancer Diagnosis -- 4.7.1 Imaging -- 4.7.2 Molecular Testing -- 4.7.3 Cytogenetics and Genetic Testing -- 4.8 Treatment -- 4.8.1 Medical Oncology -- 4.8.2 Radiation Therapy -- 4.8.3 Surgery -- 4.8.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 4.8.5 Survivorship Track -- 4.8.6 Palliative Care Track -- 4.9 Research and Education -- 4.10 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 4.11 Challenges and Advantages -- 4.12 The Future of Cancer Care in Egypt -- 4.13 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: General Oncology Care in Iraq -- 5.1 Iraq Demographics -- 5.2 Cancer Statistics in Iraq -- 5.3 Healthcare System in Iraq -- 5.4 Oncology Care in Iraq -- 5.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 5.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 5.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 5.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 5.8.1 Imaging -- 5.8.2 Laboratory -- 5.8.3 Cytogenetic and Molecular Genetics -- 5.9 Treatment -- 5.9.1 Medical and Radiation Oncology -- 5.9.2 Medical Oncology -- 5.9.2.1 Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation -- 5.9.3 Radiation Therapy -- 5.9.4 Surgery. , 5.9.5 Pediatric Oncology -- 5.9.6 Survivorship Track -- 5.9.7 Palliative Care Track -- 5.10 Research and Education -- 5.10.1 Research -- 5.10.1.1 The Iraqi Regional Comparative Breast Cancer Research Project -- 5.10.2 Education and Training -- 5.10.2.1 Local Education and Training -- 5.10.2.2 International Collaborations and Country Program Frameworks -- 5.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 5.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 5.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Iraq -- 5.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: General Oncology Care in Jordan -- 6.1 Jordan Demographics -- 6.2 Cancer Statistics in Jordan -- 6.3 Healthcare System in Jordan -- 6.4 Oncology Care in Jordan -- 6.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 6.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 6.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 6.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 6.9 Treatment -- 6.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 6.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 6.9.3 Surgery -- 6.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 6.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 6.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 6.10 Research and Education -- 6.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 6.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 6.12.1 Medical Tourism in Jordan -- 6.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Jordan -- 6.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: General Oncology Care in Kuwait -- 7.1 Kuwait Demographics -- 7.2 Cancer Statistics in Kuwait -- 7.3 Cancer Risk Factors -- 7.3.1 Part 1: Ubiquitous Risk Factors: Where Does Kuwait Stand? -- 7.3.2 Part 2: Other Kuwait-Specific Risk Factors -- 7.4 Cancer Screening Programs -- 7.5 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 7.6 Cancer Diagnosis -- 7.6.1 Specialized Laboratory Services -- 7.7 Treatment -- 7.7.1 Medical Oncology -- 7.7.1.1 Malignant Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) -- 7.7.2 Radiation Therapy -- 7.7.3 Surgery -- 7.7.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 7.7.5 Survivorship Track -- 7.7.6 Palliative Care Track -- 7.8 Research and Education -- 7.9 Challenges and Advantages. , 7.10 The Future of Cancer Care in Kuwait -- 7.11 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: General Oncology Care in Lebanon -- 8.1 Lebanon Demography -- 8.2 Cancer Statistics in Lebanon -- 8.3 Healthcare System in Lebanon -- 8.4 Oncology Care in Lebanon -- 8.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 8.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 8.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 8.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 8.8.1 Imaging -- 8.8.2 Laboratory -- 8.8.3 Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics -- 8.8.4 Molecular Diagnostics -- 8.9 Treatment -- 8.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 8.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 8.9.3 Surgery -- 8.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 8.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 8.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 8.10 Research and Education -- 8.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 8.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 8.12.1 Facilities Providing Cancer Care -- 8.12.2 Treatment Availability -- 8.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Lebanon -- 8.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: General Oncology Care in Libya -- 9.1 Libya Demographics -- 9.2 Cancer Statistics in Libya -- 9.3 Healthcare System in Libya -- 9.4 Oncology Care in Libya -- 9.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 9.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 9.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 9.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 9.8.1 Imaging -- 9.8.2 Laboratory -- 9.9 Treatment -- 9.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 9.9.1.1 Advanced Treatments -- 9.9.1.2 Bone Marrow Transplantation -- 9.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 9.9.3 Surgery -- 9.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 9.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 9.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 9.10 Research and Education -- 9.10.1 Research -- 9.10.2 Education and Training -- 9.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 9.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 9.12.1 Medical Tourism in Libya -- 9.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Libya -- 9.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: General Oncology Care in Mauritania -- 10.1 Mauritania Demographics -- 10.2 Cancer Statistics in Mauritania. , 10.3 Healthcare System in Mauritania -- 10.4 Oncology Care in Mauritania -- 10.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 10.6 Cancer Screening Programs -- 10.7 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 10.8 Cancer Diagnosis -- 10.9 Treatment -- 10.9.1 Medical Oncology -- 10.9.2 Radiation Therapy -- 10.9.3 Surgery -- 10.9.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 10.9.5 Survivorship Track -- 10.9.6 Palliative Care Track -- 10.10 Research and Education -- 10.11 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 10.12 Challenges and Advantages -- 10.13 The Future of Cancer Care in Mauritania -- 10.14 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: General Oncology Care in Morocco -- 11.1 Morocco Demographics -- 11.2 Cancer Statistics in Morocco -- 11.3 Cancer Risk Factors -- 11.3.1 Tobacco -- 11.3.2 Alcohol -- 11.3.3 Obesity -- 11.3.4 Other Risk Factors -- 11.4 Cancer Screening Programs -- 11.5 Cancer Prevention Programs -- 11.6 Cancer Diagnosis -- 11.7 Treatment -- 11.7.1 Medical Oncology -- 11.7.2 Radiation Therapy -- 11.7.3 Surgery -- 11.7.4 Pediatric Oncology -- 11.7.5 Survivorship Track -- 11.7.6 Palliative Care Track -- 11.8 Research and Education -- 11.8.1 Research -- 11.8.2 Education -- 11.9 Cost-Effective Cancer Care -- 11.10 Challenges and Advantages -- 11.11 The Future of Cancer Care in Morocco -- 11.11.1 Quality Improvement -- 11.11.2 Information Systems -- 11.12 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: General Oncology Care in Oman -- 12.1 Oman Demographics -- 12.2 Cancer Statistics in Oman -- 12.3 Healthcare System in Oman -- 12.4 Oncology Care in Oman -- 12.4.1 Access to Cancer Care services -- 12.4.2 Multi-sectoral Efforts to Prevent and Control Cancer -- 12.4.3 National Oncology Center: The Royal Hospital -- 12.4.4 Other Cancer Centers -- 12.4.5 National Cancer Registry -- 12.4.6 Community Obligations -- 12.4.7 The Cancer Care Plan -- 12.5 Cancer Risk Factors -- 12.6 Cancer Screening Programs. , 12.7 Cancer Prevention Programs.

Additional Edition: Print version: Al-Shamsi, Humaid O. Cancer in the Arab World Singapore : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,c2022 ISBN 9789811679445

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books. ; Llibres electrònics ; Llibres electrònics

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UID:

Format: 1 online resource (385 p.)

ISBN: 1-281-05241-8 , 9786611052416 , 0-08-048027-6

Content: 'Practical Temperature Measurement' introduces the concepts of temperature and its measurement to engineers, physicists and chemists of all disciplines. The author describes the wide range of techniques and specific devices available for temperature measurement and provides guidance for the selection of a particular method for a given application. It is of value to engineering and physics postgraduates studying modules on instrumentation and process control and, in addition, for practical project work requiring an understanding of temperature measurement methods.For postgraduates and i

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; Practical Temperature Measurement; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; Chapter 1. Temperature; 1.1 Definition of temperature; 1.2 Temperature scales; 1.3 An overview of temperature measurement techniques; 1.4 Conclusions; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 2. General temperature measurement considerations; 2.1 The measurement process; 2.2 Heat transfer; 2.3 Calibration and traceability; 2.4 Data manipulation; 2.5 Uncertainty; 2.6 Conclusions; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 3. Bimetallic thermometers; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Bimetallic strip modelling; 3.3 Standard materials , 3.4 Bimetallic thermometer constructionReferences; Nomenclature; Chapter 4. Liquid-in-glass thermometers; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Error sources; 4.3 Calibration; 4.4 Special types; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 5. Thermocouples; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Thermocouple analysis; 5.3 Thermocouple types; 5.4 Thermocouple assemblies and installation; 5.5 EMF measurement; 5.6 Grounding and noise; 5.7 Calibration; 5.8 Troubleshooting/thermocouple diagnostics; 5.9 Selection; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 6. Resistance temperature detectors; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Platinum resistance thermometers , 6.3 Copper and nickel resistance thermometers6.4 Rhodium-iron, doped germanium and carbon resistors; 6.5 Thermistors; 6.6 Semiconductor devices; 6.7 Selection; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 7. Manometric thermometry; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Gas thermometry; 7.3 Vapour pressure thermometry; 7.4 Conclusions; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 8. Semi-invasive temperature measurement; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Paints; 8.3 Temperature-sensitive crayons, pellets and labels; 8.4 Pyrometric cones, thermoscope bars and Bullers rings; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 9. Infrared thermometry , 9.1 Introduction9.2 Fundamentals of thermal radiation; 9.3 Detector classification; 9.4 Spectral band thermometers; 9.5 Total radiation thermometers; 9.6 Ratio/dual-wavelength/two-colour thermometers; 9.7 Fibre-optic thermometers; 9.8 Thermal imaging; 9.9 Calibration; 9.10 Selection; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 10. Other non-invasive temperature measurement techniques; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Refractive index methods; 10.3 Absorption and emission spectroscopy; 10.4 Line reversal; 10.5 Spontaneous Rayleigh and Raman scattering; 10.6 Coherent anti-Stokes-Raman scattering (CARS) , 10.7 Degenerative four wave mixing (DFWM)10.8 Laser-induced fluorescence; 10.9 Acoustic thermography; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 11. Technique selection; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Applications; 11.3 Selection overview; References; Nomenclature; Chapter 12. Heat flux measurement; 12.1 Introduction; 12.2 Thermal disruption; 12.3 Differential temperature heat flux measurement techniques; 12.4 Calorimetric heat flux measurement techniques; 12.5 Energy supply or removal heat flux measurement techniques; 12.6 The mass transfer analogy; 12.7 Inverse conduction methods; 12.8 Conclusions , References , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-7506-5080-X

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (281 p.)

ISBN: 1-282-28982-9 , 9786612289828 , 0-08-095571-1

Series Statement: Mathematics in science and engineering ; v. 61, 2

Content: Methods of nonlinear analysis

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; Methods of Nonlinear Analysis; Copyright Page; Preface; Contents; Contents of Volume I; Chapter 9. Upper and Lower Bounds via Duality; 9.1. Introduction; 9.2. Guiding Idea; 9.3. A Simple Identity; 9.4. Quadratic Functional: Scalar Case; 9.5. min u J = max v H; 9.6. The Functional l t o [u'2 + g(u)] dt; 9.7. Geometric Aspects; 9.8. Multidimensional Case; 9.9. The Rayleigh-Ritz Method; 9.10. Alternative Approach; 9.11. J(u) = lto [u'2 + f(t)u2] dt; General f(t); 9.12. Geometric Aspects; Miscellaneous Exercises; Bibliography and Comments , Chapter 10. Caplygin's Method and Differential Inequalities10.1. Introduction; 10.2. The Caplygin Method; 10.3. The Equation u' 〈 a(t)u + f (t); 10.4. The Linear Differential Inequality L(u) 〈 f ( t ); 10.5. Elementary Approach; 10.6. An Integral Identity; 10.7. Strengthening of Previous Result; 10.8. Factorization of the Operator; 10.9. Alternate Proof of Monotonicity; 10.10. A Further Condition; 10.11. Two-point Boundary Conditions; 10.12. Variational Approach; 10.13. A Related Parabolic Partial Differential Equation; 10.14. Nonnegativity of u(t, s); 10.15. Limiting Behavior , 10.16. Limiting Behavior: Energy Inequalities10.17. Monotonicity of Maximum; 10.18. Lyapunov Functions; 10.19. Factorization of the nth-order Linear Operator; 10.20. A Result for the nth-order Linear Differential Equation; 10.21. An Example; 10.22. Linear Systems; 10.23. Partial Differential Equation-I; 10.24. Partial Differential Equation-II; Miscellaneous Exercises; Bibliography and Comments; Chapter 11. Quasilinearization; 11.1. Introduction; 11.2. The Riccati Equation; 11.3. Explicit Representation; 11.4. Successive Approximations and Monotone Convergence , 11.5. Maximum Interval of Convergence11.6. Dini's Theorem and Uniform Convergence; 1 1.7. Newton-Raphson-Kantorovich Approximation; 11.8. Quadratic Convergence; 11.9. Upper Bounds; 11.10. u' = g(u, t ); 11.11. Random Equation; 11.12. Upper and Lower Bounds; 1 I. 13. Asymptotic Behavior; 11.14. Multidimensional Riccati Equation; 11.15. Two-point Boundary Value Problems; 11.16. Maximum Interval of Convergence; 11.1 7. Quadratic Convergence; 11.18. Discussion; 11.19. Computational Feasibility; 11.20. Elliptic Equations; 11.21. Parabolic Equations; 1 1.22. Minimum and Maximum Principles , Miscellaneous ExercisesBibliography and Comments; Chapter 12. Dynamic Programming; 12.1. Introduction; 12.2. Multistage Processes; 12.3. Continuous Version; 12.4. Multistage Decision Processes; 12.5. Stochastic and Adaptive Processes; 12.6. Functional Equations; 12.7. Infinite Stage Process; 12.8. Policy; 12.9. Approximation in Policy Space; 12.10. Discussion; 12.11. Calculus of Variations as a Multistage Decision Process; 12.12. A New Formalism; 12.13. The Principle of Optimality; 12.14. Quadratic Case; 12.15. Multidimensional Case; 12.1 6. Computational Feasibility; 12.17. Stability , 12.18. Computational Feasibility: General Case-I , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-12-084902-X

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (387 p.)

Edition: 2nd ed.

ISBN: 1-280-63658-0 , 9786610636587 , 0-08-046509-9

Content: The Ecology of Sandy Shores provides the students and researchers with a one-volume resource for understanding the conservation and management of the sandy shore ecosystem. Covering all beach types, and addressing issues from the behavioral and physiological adaptations of the biota to exploring the effects of pollution and the impact of man's activities, this book should become the standard reference for those interested in Sandy Shore study, management and preservation.* More than 25% expanded from the previous edition* Three entirely new chapters: Energetics and Nutrient

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Front cover; Title page; Copyright page; Table of contents; Acknowledgements; 1: Introduction; 2: The Physical Environment; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Sand; 2.3 Waves; 2.4 Other Drivers of Water Movement; 2.5 Sand Transport; 2.6 Interactions Among Beach Slope, Waves, Tides, and Sand; 2.7 Beach Indices; 2.8 Beach Types; 2.9 Circulation Cells and Mixing; 2.10 Embayments and Headlands; 2.11 Swash Climate; 2.12 Slope; 2.13 Latitudinal Effects; 2.14 Conclusions; 3: The Interstitial Environment; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Characteristics of the System; 3.3 Processes of Water Input; 3.4 Water Filtration , 3.5 Water Table Fluctuations3.6 Interstitial Chemistry; 3.7 The Interstitial Environment; 3.8 Conclusions; 4: Beach and Surf-zone Flora; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Benthic Microflora; 4.3 Surf-zone Phytoplankton; 4.4 Seagrasses; 4.5 Conclusions; 5: Sandy-beach Invertebrates; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Important Groups; 5.3 Conclusions; 6: Adaptations to Sandy-beach Life; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Locomotion; 6.3 Rhythms of Activity; 6.4 Sensory Responses and Orientation; 6.5 Choice of Habitat; 6.6 Nutrition; 6.7 Respiration; 6.8 Environmental Tolerances; 6.9 Reproduction , 6.10 Aggregations and Gregariousness6.11 Avoidance of Predators; 6.12 Phenotypic Plasticity; 6.13 Conclusions; 7: Benthic Macrofauna Communities; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Sampling; 7.3 Taxonomic Composition; 7.4 Macroscale Patterns; 7.5 Mesoscale Patterns; 7.6 Microscale Patterns; 7.7 Trophic Relations; 7.8 Conclusions; 8: Benthic Macrofauna Populations; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Macroscale Patterns; 8.3 Mesoscale Patterns; 8.4 Microscale Patterns; 8.5 Invertebrate Fisheries; 8.6 Conclusions; 9: Interstitial Ecology; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Interstitial Climate; 9.3 Sampling; 9.4 Interstitial Biota , 9.5 Distribution of Interstitial Fauna9.6 Temporal Changes; 9.7 Meiofaunal Communities; 9.8 Trophic Relationships; 9.9 Biological Interactions; 9.10 Meiofauna and Pollution; 9.11 Conclusions; 10: Surf-zone Fauna; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Zooplankton; 10.3 Fishes; 10.4 Other Groups; 10.5 Conclusions; 11: Turtles and Terrestrial Vertebrates; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Turtles; 11.3 Birds; 11.4 Conclusions; 12: Energetics and Nutrient Cycling; 12.1 Introduction; 12.2 Food Sources; 12.3 Macroscopic Food Chains; 12.4 Interstitial Food Chains; 12.5 The Microbial Loop in Surf Waters , 12.6 Energy Flow in Beach and Surf-zone Ecosystems12.7 Case Study: Sandy Beaches of the Eastern Cape; 12.8 Nutrient Cycling; 12.9 Conclusions; 13: Coastal Dune Ecosystems and Dune/Beach Interactions; 13.1 Introduction; 13.2 The Physical Environment; 13.3 Coastal Dune Formation by Vegetation; 13.4 Dune Types; 13.5 Edaphic Features; 13.6 Water; 13.7 The Gradient Across Coastal Dunefields; 13.8 Dune Vegetation; 13.9 The Fauna; 13.10 Food Chains; 13.11 Dune/Beach Exchanges; 13.12 A Case Study of Dune/Beach Exchanges; 13.13 Conclusions; 14: Human Impacts; 14.1 Introduction; 14.2 Pollution , 14.3 Recreational Activities , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-12-372569-0

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (329 p.)

Edition: 2nd ed.

ISBN: 1-283-31107-0 , 9786613311078 , 1-4377-3529-0

Series Statement: PDL handbook series

Content: Stretch blow molding is the blow molding process used to produce bottles of the strength required for carbonated drinks. In this handbook, Ottmar Brandau introduces the technology of stretch blow molding, explores practical aspects of designing and running a production line and looks at practical issues for quality control and troubleshooting. As an experienced engineer, manager and consultant, Brandau's focus is on optimizing the production process, improving quality and reducing cycle time. This book is a thoroughly practical handbook that provides engineers and managers with the

Note: Includes index. , Previous edition: Stretch blow moulding : a hands-on guide. 2003. , Front Cover; Series Page; Stretch Blow Molding; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; Introduction; Chapter 1 - A Short History of Stretch Blow Molding; Chapter 2 - Material Basics; 2.1 Manufacture and States of PET; 2.2 Crystallization of PET; 2.3 Drying of PET; 2.4 Behavior in the Injection Mold; 2.5 Behavior in the Blow Mold; 2.6 Acetaldehyde (AA) in PET Bottles; Chapter 3 - Reheat Stretch Blow Molding Machines; 3.1 Overview; 3.2 Semi-automatic Machines; 3.3 Linear Shuttle-type Machines; 3.4 Linear Continuous Motion Machines; 3.5 Rotary Machines; Chapter 4 - Machine Details , 4.1 Ovens4.2 T?ransfer Functions; 4.3 Blow Wheel/Blow Clamp; Chapter 5 - Blow Molds; 5.1 Design; 5.2 Making a Mold; 5.3 Venting; Chapter 6 - Fundamentals of the Blow Process; 6.1 Process Overview; 6.2 Stretch Ratios; 6.3 Types of Heat Transfer; 6.4 Light Absorption Characteristics of PET; 6.5 Optimum Preform Temperature; Chapter 7 - The Blowing Process; 7.1 Reheating Preforms; 7.2 Blowing Bottles; Chapter 8 - Injection Stretch Blow Molding Machines; 8.1 Four-station Machines; 8.2 Machine Controls; 8.3 Injection Controls; 8.4 Interaction between Injection and Blow; 8.5 Conditioning , 8.6 Container Blowing8.7 Hot Runners; 8.8 Integrated Two-stage Stretch Blow Molding; Chapter 9 - Special Applications; 9.1 Simulation of the Blow Process; 9.2 Stretch Blow Molding of Oriented Polypropylene; 9.3 Plant-based Plastics; 9.4 Blow Process for Hot-fill Applications; 9.5 Preferential Heating; 9.6 Direct Feeding of Preforms into the Blow Machine; 9.7 Vision Inspection; 9.8 Barrier-enhancing Technologies; 9.9 Blow-and-Trim Process; 9.10 CSD Bottle-base Failures; 9.11 Recycling of PET Bottles; 9.12 Preform Esthetics in the Two-stage Process , Chapter 10 - Troubleshooting of Blowing Problems10.1 General Guidelines; 10.2 Starting a New Process; 10.3 Troubleshooting of Specific Problems; 10.4 Defects Particular to Single-stage Molding; 10.5 Summary of Preform Quality Checks; Chapter 11 - Economics; 11.1 Container Types; 11.2 Business Models; 11.3 Tooling Costs; 11.4 Light-weighing of Bottles and Caps; 11.5 Resin Prices; 11.6 Bottle Production Costs; 11.7 Starting with a New Product; 11.8 Recommended Laboratory Equipment for RSBM Plants; 11.9 Western vs. Asian Machinery; Chapter 12 - Preform Design for Single and Two-stage Processing , 12.1 Two-stage Process Injection Molding12.2 Single-stage Process Injection Molding; 12.3 Goals and Conditions; 12.4 The Mechanics of Preform Design; 12.5 Putting it All T?ogether; Chapter 13 - Auxiliary Equipment; 13.1 Compressors; 13.2 Chillers; 13.3 Conveyors and Bottle Storage Devices; Chapter 14 Training of Operators; 14.1 Current State of Training; 14.2 Obstacles to Training Programs; 14.3 Re-thinking Abstract Concepts; 14.4 Language Structure; 14.5 Converting Formulas into Common English Sentences; 14.6 Substituting Uncommon Arithmetical Operators; 14.7 Presentation Style , 14.8 Translating Graphs into Common-day Language , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4377-3527-4

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (337 p.)

ISBN: 1-281-04647-7 , 9786611046477 , 0-08-051224-0

Series Statement: Academic Press series in communications, networking and multimedia

Content: The rapid advances and industry demands for networked delivery of information and pictures through computer networks and cable television has created a need for new techniques and standards for the packaging and delivery of digital information. Multimedia Communications presents the latest information from industry and academic experts on all standards, methods and protocols. Internet protocols for wireless communications, transcoding of Internet multimedia for universal access, ATM and ISDN chapters, videoconferencing standards, speech and audio coding standards, multi-casting and imag

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; Multimedia Communications: Directions and Innovations; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; List of Contributors; Chapter 1. Multimedia Communications: Source Representations, Networks, and Applications; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Networks and Network Services; 1.3 Multimedia Sources; 1.4 Source and Destination Terminals; 1.5 Applications of Multimedia Communications Networks; 1.6 Conclusions; 1.7 For Further Reading; Chapter 2. Future Telecommunication Networks: Traffic and Technologies; 2.1 Key Technologies; 2.2 Impact of Competition; 2.3 Four Traffic Hypotheses , 2.4 Synergy: Future Projections2.5 Summary and Conclusions; 2.6 Bibliography; Chapter 3. Speech Coding Standards; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Speech Analysis-Synthesis and Linear Prediction; 3.3 Linear Prediction and Speech Coding Standards; 3.4 Standards Based on Subband and Transform Coders; 3.5 Summary and Emerging Standards; 3.6 References; Chapter 4. Audio Coding Standards; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 ISO/MPEG Audio Coding Standards; 4.3 Other Audio Coding Standards; 4.4 Architectural Overview; 4.5 Conclusions; 4.6 Definitions of Key Terms; 4.7 References; 4.8 Bibliography , Chapter 5. Still Image Compression Standards5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Lossy Compression; 5.3 Lossless Compression; 5.4 Bilevel Image Compression; 5.5 Definitions of Key Terms; 5.6 References; 5.7 Bibliography; Chapter 6. Multimedia Conferencing Standards; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 H.320 for ISDN Videoconferencing; 6.3 H.320 Network Adaptation Standards: H.321 and H.322; 6.4 A New Generation: H.323, H.324, and H.310; 6.5 T.120 for Data Conferencing and Conference Control; 6.6 Summary; 6.7 References; Chapter 7. MPEG-1 and -2 Compression; 1.1 Introduction; 7.2 The MPEG Model; 7.3 MPEG Video , 7.4 SummaryChapter 8. MPEG-4 and MPEG-7; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 MPEG-4; 8.3 MPEG-7; 8.4 Summary; 8.5 References; Chapter 9. ATM Network Technology; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Overview; 9.3 Physical Layer Specifications; 9.4 ATM Layer Specifications; 9.5 ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) Specifications; 9.6 Network Aspects of B-ISDN; 9.7 Other ATM Network Technologies; 9.8 Concluding Remarks; 9.9 Definitions of Key Terms; 9.10 Bibliography; 9.11 For Further Information; Chapter 10. ISDN; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 ISDN User-Network Interfaces; 10.3 Layers 1, 2, and 3 Specifications of UNI , 10.4 Access Transmission Line Systems10.5 References; Chapter 11. Video-on-Demand Broadcasting Protocols; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Common Terms and Concepts; 11.3 Staggered Broadcasting Protocols; 11.4 Pyramid Broadcasting Protocols; 11.5 Harmonic Broadcasting Protocols; 11.6 Summary; 11.7 Definitions of Key Terms; 11.8 References; 11.9 For Further Information; Chapter 12. Internet Telephony Technology and Standards Overview; 12.1 Introduction; 12.2 Internet Telephony Architecture Overview; 12.3 Related Internet Telephony Standards; 12.4 Current and Developing Internet Telephony Protocols , 12.5 How Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Works , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-12-282160-2

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (289 p.)

Edition: 4th ed.

ISBN: 1-280-62919-3 , 9786610629190 , 0-08-045598-0

Content: Plant operators, electricians, field technicians and engineers will gain a practical understanding of the role and workings of power system protection systems from this work. An understanding of power systems and their optimized management will increase plant efficiency and performance as well as increasing safety levels. This book provides both the underpinning knowledge and basic calculations needed to understand, specify, use and maintain power protection systems, and the practical techniques required on a daily basis.After studying this book you will have an excellent knowledge of

Note: Includes index. , Cover; Front matter; Half Title Page; Other titles in the series; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; Preface; 1. Need for protection; 1.1 Need for protective apparatus; 1.2 Basic requirements of protection; 1.3 Basic components of protection; 1.4 Summary; 2. Faults, types and effects; 2.1 The development of simple distribution systems; 2.2 Fault types and their effects; 3. Simple calculation of short-circuit currents; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Revision of basic formulae; 3.3 Calculation of short-circuit MVA; 3.4 Useful formulae; 3.5 Cable information; 3.6 Copper conductors; 4. System earthing , 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Earthing devices; 4.3 Evaluation of earthing methods; 4.4 Effect of electric shock on human beings; 5. Fuses; 5.1 Historical; 5.2 Rewireable type; 5.3 Cartridge type; 5.4 Operating characteristics; 5.5 British standard 88:1952; 5.7 Application of selection of fuses; 5.9 Special types; 5.10 General; 5.11 Is-limiter; 6. Instrument transformers; 6.1 Purpose; 6.2 Basic theory of operation; 6.3 Voltage transformers; 6.4 Current transformers; 6.5 Application of current transformers; 6.6 Introducing relays; 6.7 Inverse definite minimum time lag (IDMTL) relay; 7. Circuit breakers , 7.1 Introduction 7.3 Purpose of circuit breakers (switchgear); 7.4 Behavior under fault conditions; 7.5 Arc; 7.6 Types of circuit breakers; 7.7 Comparison of breaker types; 8. Tripping batteries; 8.1 Tripping batteries; 8.2 Construction of battery chargers; 8.3 Maintenance guide; 8.4 Trip circuit supervision; 8.5 Reasons why breakers and contactors fail to trip; 8.6 Capacitor storage trip units; 9. Relays; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Principle of the construction and operation of the electromechanical IDMTL relay; 9.3 Factors influencing choice of plug setting , 9.5 Universal microprocessor overcurrent relay 9.6 Technical features of a modern microprocessor relay; 9.7 Type testing of static relays; 9.8 The future of protection for distribution systems; 9.9 The era of the IED; 9.10 Substation automation; 9.11 Communication capability; 10. Coordination by time grading; 10.1 Protection design parameters on medium- and low-voltage networks; 10.2 Sensitive earth fault protection; 11. Low-voltage networks; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Air circuit breakers; 11.3 Moulded case circuit breakers; 11.4 Application and selective coordination , 11.5 Earth leakage protection 12. Mine underground distribution protection; 12.1 General; 12.2 Earth-leakage protection; 12.3 Pilot wire monitor; 12.4 Earth fault lockout; 12.5 Neutral earthing resistor monitor (NERM); 13. Principles of unit protection; 13.1 Protective relay systems; 13.2 Main or unit protection; 13.3 Back-up protection; 13.4 Methods of obtaining selectivity; 13.5 Differential protection; 13.6 Transformer differential protection; 13.7 Switchgear differential protection; 13.8 Feeder pilot-wire protection; 13.9 Time taken to clear faults , 13.10 Recommended unit protection systems , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-7506-6397-9

Language: English