Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (various pagings) : , illustrations (chiefly color).

ISBN: 9781643272160 , 1643272160 , 9781643272153 , 1643272152

Serie: [IOP release 5]

Inhalt: Terahertz (THz) radiation with frequencies between 100 GHz and 30 THz has developed into an important tool of science and technology, with numerous applications in materials characterization, imaging, sensor technologies, and telecommunications. Recent progress in THz generation has provided ultrashort THz pulses with electric field amplitudes of up to several megavolts/cm. This development opens the new research field of nonlinear THz spectroscopy in which strong light-matter interactions are exploited to induce quantum excitations and/or charge transport and follow their nonequilibrium dynamics in time-resolved experiments. This book introduces methods of THz generation and nonlinear THz spectroscopy in a tutorial way, discusses the relevant theoretical concepts, and presents prototypical, experimental, and theoretical results in condensed matter physics. The potential of nonlinear THz spectroscopy is illustrated by recent research, including an overview of the relevant literature.

Anmerkung: "Version: 20190102"--Title page verso. , "A Morgan & Claypool publication as part of IOP Concise Physics"--Title page verso. , 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Linear optical response -- 1.2. Low-energy excitations in condensed matter -- 1.3. Charge transport in solids , 2. Terahertz technology -- 2.1. Generation of coherent terahertz radiation -- 2.2. Phase-resolved detection of terahertz transients -- 2.3. Linear terahertz spectroscopy and imaging , 3. Nonlinear light-matter interactions -- 3.1. Nonlinear optical response in the THz range -- 3.2. Nonlinear currents in condensed matter -- 3.3. Quantum coherences in coupled multi-level systems -- 3.4. Nonperturbative regime of light-matter interaction , 4. Methods of nonlinear terahertz spectroscopy -- 4.1. Concepts and experimental implementation -- 4.2. Two-dimensional spectroscopy , 5. Nonlinear terahertz spectroscopy of condensed matter -- 5.1. Dynamics and couplings of low-energy excitations in liquids and solids -- 5.2. Field-driven nonlinear response and charge transport in solids -- 5.3. Conclusions and outlook. , Also available in print. , Mode of access: World Wide Web. , System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9781643272139

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 1643272136

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.1088/2053-2571/aae931

URL: https://iopscience.iop.org/book/978-1-64327-216-0

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (various pagings) : , illustrations (some color).

ISBN: 9781643274041 , 9781643274027

Serie: [IOP release 5]

Inhalt: Atomic Physics provides a concise treatment of atomic physics and a basis to prepare for work in other disciplines that are underpinned by atomic physics such as chemistry, biology and several aspects of engineering science. The focus is mainly on atomic structure since this is what is primarily responsible for the physical properties of atoms.

Anmerkung: "Version: 20190102"--Title page verso. , "A Morgan & Claypool publication as part of IOP Concise Physics"--Title page verso. , 1. Introduction -- 2. Radiation and atoms -- 2.1. Width and shape of spectral lines -- 2.2. Atomic orders of magnitude -- 2.3. The central field approximation -- 2.4. The form of the central field -- 2.5. Finding the central field , 3. The central field approximation -- 3.1. The physics of the wave functions -- 3.2. Multi-electron atoms -- 3.3. Gross energy level structure of the alkalis: quantum defect , 4. Corrections to the central field: spin-orbit interaction -- 4.1. The physics of spin-orbit interaction -- 4.2. Finding the spin-orbit correction to the energy -- 4.3. Spin-orbit interaction: summary -- 4.4. Spin-orbit splitting: alkali atoms -- 4.5. Spectroscopic notation , 5. Two-electron atoms: residual electrostatic effects and LS-coupling -- 5.1. Magnesium: gross structure -- 5.2. The electrostatic perturbation -- 5.3. Symmetry -- 5.4. Orbital effects on electrostatic interaction in LS-coupling -- 5.5. Spin-orbit effects in two-electron atoms , 6. Nuclear effects on atomic structure -- 6.1. Hyperfine structure -- 6.2. The magnetic field of electrons -- 6.3. Coupling of I and J -- 6.4. Finding the nuclear spin, I -- 6.5. Isotope effects , 7. Selection rules -- 7.1. Parity -- 7.2. Configuration -- 7.3. Angular momentum rules , 8. Atoms in magnetic fields -- 8.1. Weak field, no spin -- 8.2. Weak field with spin and orbit -- 8.3. Strong fields, spin and orbit -- 8.4. Intermediate fields -- 8.5. Magnetic field effects on hyperfine structure , 9. X-rays: transitions involving inner-shell electrons -- 9.1. X-ray spectra -- 9.2. X-ray series -- 9.3. Fine structure of x-ray spectra -- 9.4. X-ray absorption -- 9.5. Auger effect , 10. High-resolution laser spectroscopy -- 10.1. Absorption spectroscopy -- 10.2. Laser spectroscopy -- 10.3. Calibration of Doppler-free spectra -- 10.4. Comparison of 'Doppler-free' methods. , Also available in print. , Mode of access: World Wide Web. , System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.

Weitere Ausg.: Print version: ISBN 9781643274010

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.1088/2053-2571/aaf801

URL: https://iopscience.iop.org/book/978-1-64327-404-1

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (various pagings) : , illustrations (some color).

ISBN: 9781643271392 , 1643271393 , 9781643271385 , 1643271385 , 9781643271378 , 1643271377

Serie: [IOP release 5]

Inhalt: This book describes the ideal magnetohydrodynamic theory for magnetically confined fusion plasmas. Advanced topics are presented in attempting to fill the gap between the up-to-date research developments and plasma physics textbooks. Nevertheless, they are self-contained and trackable with the mathematical treatments detailed and underlying physics explained. Both analytical theories and numerical schemes are given. Besides the current research developments in this field, the future prospects are also discussed.

Anmerkung: "Version: 20190102"--Title page verso. , "A Morgan & Claypool publication as part of IOP Concise Physics"--Title page verso. , 1. Fusion energy : concepts and prospects -- 1.1. Nuclear fusion and Lawson's criterion -- 1.2. Magnetic confinement -- 1.3. Inertial confinement , 2. Ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations and multi-parallel-fluid MHD theory -- 2.1. Moments of the kinetic equation -- 2.2. Ideal MHD equations -- 2.3. Multi-parallel-fluid MHD theory , 3. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibrium -- 3.1. Flux coordinates for symmetric system -- 3.2. Grad-Shafranov equation -- 3.3. Green function and free boundary equilibrium -- 3.4. Solovév solution and modification -- 3.5. Local equilibrium near the X-point -- 3.6. Numerical solution of Grad-Shafranov equation : ATEQ code -- 3.7. Mirror equilibrium , 4. Ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) energy principle -- 4.1. Linear ideal MHD energy principle -- 4.2. Energy minimization for localized interchange modes -- 4.3. Energy minimization for high-n modes -- 4.4. Energy principle for tokamak geometry -- 4.5. Energy principle in cylinder model , 5. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mode spectrum in tokamaks -- 5.1. Singular differential equation in the MHD system -- 5.2. Alfvén continuum theory in the real space -- 5.3. Continuum theory in the complex space : quasi-modes -- 5.4. Initial value problem : phase mixing -- 5.5. Inhomogeneous boundary value problem : plasma heating -- 5.6. Tokamak global MHD spectrum , 6. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability theory in tokamaks -- 6.1. Radially localized modes : Mercier criterion -- 6.2. External radially localized modes : peeling modes -- 6.3. Ballooning modes -- 6.4. Toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) -- 6.5. Internal kink type of modes , 7. Global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability computation : internal and external modes -- 7.1. Internal modes -- 7.2. External kink modes -- 7.3. Resistive wall modes -- 7.3..1 Rotation stabilization -- 7.4. Error-field amplification -- 7.5. Alfvén modes , 8. Concluding remarks -- Appendix A. Derivation of some basic MHD formula -- Appendix B. Acronym list. , Also available in print. , Mode of access: World Wide Web. , System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9781643271354

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 1643271350

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.1088/978-1-64327-138-5

URL: https://iopscience.iop.org/book/978-1-64327-138-5

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (various pagings) : , illustrations (chiefly color).

ISBN: 9781643273808 , 9781643273778

Serie: [IOP release 5]

Inhalt: This book provides a concise introduction to both the special theory of relativity and the general theory of relativity. The format is chosen to provide the basis for a single semester course which can take the students all the way from the foundations of special relativity to the core results of general relativity: the Einstein equation and the equations of motion for particles and light in curved spacetime. To facilitate access to the topics of special and general relativity for science and engineering students without prior training in relativity or geometry, the relevant geometric notions are also introduced and developed from the ground up. Students in physics, mathematics or engineering with an interest to learn Einstein's theories of relativity should be able to use this book already in the second semester of their third year. The book could also be used as the basis of a graduate level introduction to relativity for students who did not learn relativity as part of their undergraduate training.

Anmerkung: "Version: 20190102"--Title page verso. , "A Morgan & Claypool publication as part of IOP Concise Physics"--Title page verso. , 1. Why relativity? -- 1.1. The Galilei invariance of Newtonian mechanics -- 1.2. The need for special relativity -- 1.3. The need for general relativity , 2. A first look at notions from geometry -- 2.1. Vectors and tensors -- 2.2. Curvilinear coordinates , 3. The tangents of spacetime : special relativity -- 3.1. Lorentz transformations and the relativity of space and time -- 3.2. Consequences of Lorentz symmetry -- 3.3. The general Lorentz transformation , 4. Relativistic dynamics -- 4.1. Energy-momentum vectors and the relativistic Newton equation -- 4.2. The manifestly covariant formulation of electrodynamics -- 4.3. Action principles for relativistic particles -- 4.4. Current densities and stress-energy tensors , 5. Differential geometry : the kinematics of curved spacetime -- 5.1. More geometry : surfaces in R3 -- 5.2. Covariant derivatives and Christoffel symbols -- 5.3. Transformations of tensors and Christoffel symbols , 6. Particles in curved spacetime -- 6.1. Motion of a particle in spacetime -- 6.2. Slow particles in a weak gravitational field -- 6.3. Local inertial frames -- 6.4. Symmetric spaces and conservation laws , 7. The dynamics of spacetime : the Einstein equation -- 7.1. Geodesic deviation and curvature -- 7.2. The Einstein equation -- 7.3. The Schwarzschild metric : The gravitational field outside a non-rotating star -- 7.4. The interior of Schwarzschild black holes -- 7.5. Maximal extension of the Schwarzschild spacetime and wormholes , 8. Massive particles in the Schwarzschild spacetime -- 8.1. Massive particles in t-independent radially symmetric spacetimes -- 8.2. Radial motion in terms of the effective potential -- 8.3. The shape of the trajectory -- 8.4. Clocks in the Schwarzschild spacetime -- 8.5. Escape velocities and infall times , 9. Massless particles in the Schwarzschild spacetime -- 9.1. Equations of motion -- 9.2. Deflection of light in a gravitational field -- 9.3. Apparent photon speeds and radial infall. , Also available in print. , Mode of access: World Wide Web. , System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.

Weitere Ausg.: Print version: ISBN 9781643273778

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.1088/2053-2571/aaf173

URL: https://iopscience.iop.org/book/978-1-64327-380-8

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (various pagings) : , illustrations.

ISBN: 9780750320474 , 0750320478 , 9780750320481 , 0750320486

Serie: [IOP release 6]

Inhalt: Mechatronics is a rapidly developing interdisciplinary field of engineering which encompasses a vast range of disciplines including mechanics, fluidics, electrics and electronics, and computer technologies. The Integrated Electro-Mechanical Drive: A mechatronic approach outlines a practical and systematic approach to applications of dynamical systems and the theory of holors in mechatronics. Aimed at scientists and engineers who specialise in integrated electro-mechanical drives as well as researchers and students, this book will provide a fundamental guide to the practical applications of mechatronics. This textbook offers a multi-disciplinary approach that can be applied to transportation systems, industrial production processes, aerospace, aviation, automotive and many other fields.

Anmerkung: "Version: 20190102"--Title page verso. , 1. General considerations -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Definitions of integrated electro-mechanical drive (IEMD) cyber-physical heterogeneous dynamical hypersystems -- 1.3. Emerging and future AC or DC motor integrated electro-mechanical drives (IEMD) , 2. Integrated DC or AC motors with the mechanical split-ring flat and or macroelectronic commutator -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. MCM or ECM AC-AC or AC-DC-AC or DC-AC commutator motors--a basic application -- 2.3. New concept ECM AC-AC or AC-DC-AC or DC-AC commutator motors -- 2.4. Integrated DC-AC commutator synchronous motors with the mechanical split-ring or flat commutator (DC motors) -- 2.5. Integrated AC-AC or AC-DC-AC or DC-AC commutator synchronous motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) -- 2.6. Integrated AC-AC or AC-DC-AC or DC-AC commutator IPM synchronous motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) -- 2.7. Integrated AC-AC or AC-DC-AC or DC-AC commutator variable-reluctance synchronous motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) -- 2.8. Integrated AC-AC or AC-DC-AC or DC-AC commutator asynchronous (induction) motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) -- 2.9. Integrated AC-AC or AC-DC-AC or DC-AC commutator servomotor with the mechanical ring/disc or macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) -- 2.10. Comparisons and conclusions , 3. Advanced AC and DC motor IEMD control -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Problems cause by high frequencies -- 3.3. Supplementary undesired side effects -- 3.4. Insulation of conductors breakdown -- 3.5. Losses caused due to the skin effect -- 3.6. Conclusions , 4. AC motor IEMD modus operandi -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Adjustable-velocity integrated electro-mechanical drive -- 4.3. Voltage per frequency AC motor IEMD -- 4.4. Magnetic-flux holor AC motor IEMD -- 4.5. AC motor IEMD installation and programming parameters -- 4.6. AC motor IEMD selection -- 4.7. AC motor IEMD line and load reactors -- 4.8. AC motor IEMD location -- 4.9. AC motor IEMD enclosures -- 4.10. AC motor IEMD mounting techniques -- 4.11. AC motor IEMD operator interface -- 4.12. AC motor IEMD electromagnetic interference -- 4.13. AC motor IEMD grounding -- 4.14. AC motor IEMD bypass contactor -- 4.15. AC motor IEMD disconnecting means -- 4.16. AC motor IEMD protection -- 4.17. AC motor IEMD braking -- 4.18. AC motor IEMD ramping -- 4.19. AC motor IEMD control inputs and outputs -- 4.20. AC motor IEMD digital inputs -- 4.21. AC motor IEMD digital/relay outputs -- 4.22. AC motor IEMD analogue inputs -- 4.23. AC motor IEMD analogue outputs -- 4.24. EM motor nameplate -- 4.25. AC motor IEMD derating -- 4.26. Types of an AC motor IEMD -- 4.27. AC motor IEMD PID control -- 4.28. AC motor IEMD's parameter programming -- 4.29. AC motor IEMD diagnostics and troubleshooting , 5. DC motor IEMD modus operandi -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. DC motor IEMD principles of operation -- 5.3. Single-phase AC supply input--DC motor IEMD -- 5.4. DC motor IEMD three-phase AC supply input -- 5.5. Field voltage control of DC motor IEMD -- 5.6. DC motor IEMD non-regenerative and regenerative -- 5.7. DC motor IEMD parameter programming , 6. Integrated electro-mechanical drive (IEMD) -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Integrated electro-mechanical drive (IEMD) with sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SINPWM) -- 6.3. Integrated electro-mechanical drive (IEMD) with vector pulse width modulation (VECPWM) -- 6.4. Integrated electro-mechanical drive (IEMD) with the holor pulse width modulation (HOLPWM) -- 6.5. Conclusion , 7. Physical and mathematical models of AC-AC or AC-DC-AC or DC-AC commutator synchronous or asynchronous motors -- 7.1. 1ntroduction -- 7.2. DC-AC commutator synchronous motor with the mechanical split-ring or flat commutator and electromagnetical exciter (DC motor) -- 7.3. DC-AC commutator synchronous motor with the mechanical split-ring or flat commutator and magnetoelectrical exciter (DC motor) -- 7.4. DC-AC commutator synchronous motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) and electromagnetical exciter -- 7.5. DC-AC commutator synchronous motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) and magnetoelectrical exciter -- 7.6. DC-AC commutator variable-reluctance synchronous motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) -- 7.7. DC-AC commutator squirrel-cage-rotor asynchronous (induction) motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) -- 7.8. AC-AC or AC-DC-AC commutator synchronous motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) and electromagnetic exciter -- 7.9. AC-AC or AC-DC-AC commutator synchronous motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) and magnetoelectrical exciter -- 7.10. AC-AC or AC-DC-AC commutator split-ring or wound-rotor asynchronous (induction) doubly-fed motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) -- 7.11. AC-AC or AC-DC-AC commutator squirrel-cage-rotor asynchronous (induction) motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) -- 7.12. AC-AC or AC-DC-AC commutator variable-reluctance synchronous motor with the macroelectronic commutator (macrocommutator) , 8. Conclusion and future trends -- 8.1. Concluding remarks -- 8.2. Future work , Appendices. A. MCM and/or ECM AC-AC or AC-DC-AC or AC-DC or DC-DC or DC-AC-DC or DC-AC commutators -- B. Pulse width modulation (PWM) -- C. Synthetic mathematical model of the abstract MMD electrical machine physical heterogeneous continuous dynamical hypersystem -- D. Exemplary applications of the electrical commutation-matrixer commutators for DC and AC electrical machines. , Also available in print. , Mode of access: World Wide Web. , System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9780750320467

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 075032046X

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.1088/2053-2563/aae7d7

URL: https://iopscience.iop.org/book/978-0-7503-2048-1

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (various pagings) : , illustrations (some color).

ISBN: 9780750314251 , 9780750314275

Serie: [IOP release 5]

Inhalt: Gas-Phase Chemistry in Space: From elementary particles to complex organic molecules is written by a collection of experts in the field of astrochemistry. The book introduces essential concepts that govern the formation, excitation and destruction of molecules at a postgraduate and research level. A broad range of topics are covered; from early universe chemistry and stellar nucleosynthesis, to the study of bimolecular reaction kinetics. Detailed description of the gas-phase process is provided and recent examples of the interplay between observational and laboratory astrophysics are examined. Using more than 100 figures, as well as examples, this work reveals, in detail, both theoretical and experimental perspectives that can be implemented in future discoveries.

Anmerkung: "Version: 20190102"--Title page verso. , 1. The chemistry of the early universe -- 1.1. Cosmological background -- 1.2. Big bang nucleosynthesis -- 1.3. The recombination era -- 1.4. Chemistry -- 1.5. Conclusions , 2. Nucleosynthesis : the origin of the chemical elements -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Nuclei in the cosmos -- 2.3. Primordial nucleosynthesis : from h to he -- 2.4. Stars : from the main sequence to red giants -- 2.5. Advanced evolution of massive stars -- 2.6. Explosive nucleosynthesis in supernovae -- 2.7. The heavier-than-Fe nuclei -- 2.8. Summary , 3. Gas-phase chemistry : reactive bimolecular collisions -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Basics in bimolecular reaction kinetics -- 3.3. Experimental methods -- 3.4. Theoretical methods -- 3.5. Some perspectives , 4. Radiative processes in astrophysical molecules -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Radiative transitions -- 4.3. Non-radiative transitions -- 4.4. Methods -- 4.5. Electronic structure calculations -- 4.6. Examples -- 4.7. Appendix : matrix elements of the G(E) operator -- 4.8. Appendix : numerical method for close coupling equations , 5. Electron collision processes -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Fundamental processes -- 5.3. Methodology -- 5.4. Astrophysical examples -- 5.5. Sources of data , 6. Molecular spectroscopy of astrophysical molecules -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Molecular spectroscopy in a nutshell : diatomic molecules -- 6.3. Laboratory rotational absorption spectroscopy -- 6.4. The symmetric rotor -- 6.5. Laboratory rotational emission spectroscopy -- 6.6. Molecular symmetry--group theory in a nutshell -- 6.7. Vibrational spectroscopy -- 6.8. Large amplitude motion : tunneling and internal rotation -- 6.9. Astrophysical spectra , 7. Excitation of astrophysical molecules -- 7.1. Radiative transitions -- 7.2. Non-LTE situations -- 7.3. Collisional transitions -- 7.4. Excitation of interstellar molecules , 8. Applications : the molecular viewpoint of interstellar observations -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Importance of accurate molecular data -- 8.3. Success and limitations of gas-phase chemistry -- 8.4. The importance of surface chemistry -- 8.5. Conclusions. , Also available in print. , Mode of access: World Wide Web. , System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.

Weitere Ausg.: Print version: ISBN 9780750314268

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.1088/2514-3433/aae1b5

URL: https://iopscience.iop.org/book/978-0-7503-1425-1