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Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource.

ISBN: 978-3-030-78627-4

Serie: Environmental contamination remediation and management

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe, hbk ISBN 978-3-030-78626-7

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe, pbk ISBN 978-3-030-78629-8

Sprache: Englisch

Schlagwort(e): Mikroplastik

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4

URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)

URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)

URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)

URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)

URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)

URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)

URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)

URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (364 pages)

ISBN: 9783030786274

Serie: Environmental Contamination Remediation and Management Ser.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Microplastics on the Rise -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: The Microplastic Cycle: An Introduction to a Complex Issue -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Fluxes of Microplastics Across Ecosystem Compartments -- 1.3 Microplastic and Terrestrial Ecosystems -- 1.4 Microplastic and Freshwater Ecosystems -- 1.5 Microplastic and Marine Ecosystems -- 1.6 Microplastic and the Atmosphere -- 1.7 Microplastic in Biota -- 1.8 Microplastics and Public Policy -- 1.9 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2: Analytical Chemistry of Plastic Debris: Sampling, Methods, and Instrumentation -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 About the Analytes -- 2.3 Sampling -- 2.3.1 Aqueous Matrices -- 2.3.2 Air Samples -- 2.3.3 Sediments, Soils, and Dust -- 2.3.4 Biological Samples -- 2.3.5 Sample Preservation -- 2.4 Laboratory Processing -- 2.4.1 Sample Preparation -- 2.4.2 Chemical and Enzymatic Digestion -- 2.4.3 Physical Separation of Plastics from the Matrix: Filtration and Sieving -- 2.4.4 Density and Other Physical Separation -- 2.4.5 Solvent Extraction -- 2.5 Microplastic Detection and Instrumentation -- 2.5.1 Visual Identification -- 2.5.2 Dyes and Fluorescence Microscopy -- 2.5.3 Electron Microscopy (EM) -- 2.5.4 Chromatography -- 2.5.5 Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy -- 2.5.6 Raman Spectroscopy -- 2.5.7 Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) -- 2.5.8 Mass Spectrometry (MS) -- 2.5.9 Thermal Analysis Techniques -- 2.5.10 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) -- 2.6 Microparticle Classes of Emerging Concern -- 2.6.1 Surface Coatings/Paints -- 2.6.2 Tire Particles -- 2.7 Quality Assurance and Quality Control -- 2.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Evaluating Microplastic Experimental Design and Exposure Studies in Aquatic Organisms -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 MP Parameters -- 3.2.1 Chemical and Physical Character of MP. , 3.2.2 Primary vs. Weathered MP -- 3.2.3 Microplastic Co-contaminants -- 3.2.4 Application of Labelled Microplastics in Experimental Exposure Studies -- 3.3 How to Design a Meaningful Experimental Exposure Study? -- 3.3.1 Mode of Exposure -- 3.3.2 Concentration of MP for Exposure Studies -- 3.3.3 Surfactants -- 3.3.4 Duration of Exposure -- 3.4 Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 4: Microplastics in Terrestrial and Freshwater Environments -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Microplastics in Terrestrial Environments -- 4.2.1 Agriculture -- 4.2.2 Urban Environments -- 4.2.2.1 Roads -- 4.2.3 Occurrence of Microplastics in Terrestrial Organisms -- 4.3 Pathways to Freshwater Environments -- 4.3.1 Transfers from Agricultural Environments -- 4.3.2 Transfers from Urban Environments -- 4.3.2.1 Littering and Leaching of Plastic Waste -- 4.3.2.2 Urban Drainage -- 4.3.2.3 Road Runoff -- 4.3.2.4 Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Effluents -- 4.4 Microplastics in Freshwater Systems -- 4.4.1 Microplastics in Rivers -- 4.4.2 Microplastics in Lakes -- 4.4.3 Occurrence of Microplastic in Freshwater Organisms -- 4.5 Microplastics in the Atmosphere -- 4.6 Microplastics: Where Do They End Up? -- 4.6.1 Export to the Marine Environment -- 4.6.2 Microplastic Sinks in Terrestrial and Freshwater Environments -- 4.7 Future Research Agendas -- References -- Chapter 5: Marine Microplastics and Seafood: Implications for Food Security -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Fate and Transport of Microplastics in Marine Ecosystems. -- 5.3 Microplastic in Bivalves -- 5.4 Microplastics in Echinoderms -- 5.5 Microplastics in Gastropods -- 5.6 Microplastics in Cephalopods -- 5.7 Microplastics in Crustaceans -- 5.8 Microplastics in Finfish -- 5.9 Co-contaminants Associated with Microplastics in Seafood -- 5.10 Microplastic Uptake and Toxicity in Humans. , 5.11 Consequences of Microplastics in Marine Animals -- 5.12 Challenges and Priorities in Marine Microplastic Research -- 5.13 Future Recommendations and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Weight of Evidence for the Microplastic Vector Effect in the Context of Chemical Risk Assessment -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Guidance for Microplastic Vector Studies in the Context of Chemical Risk Assessment -- 6.2.1 Criteria for In Vivo Laboratory Studies -- 6.2.2 Criteria for Field Studies -- 6.2.3 Criteria for In Vitro Studies -- 6.2.4 Criteria for Model Scenario Studies -- 6.3 Weight of Evidence Supporting the Microplastic Vector Hypothesis in the Context of Chemical Risk -- 6.3.1 Weight of Evidence from In Vivo Laboratory Studies -- 6.3.2 Weight of Evidence from Field Studies -- 6.3.3 Weight of Evidence from In Vitro Studies -- 6.3.4 Weight of Evidence from Modelling Studies -- 6.4 Risk Assessment of Plastic-Associated Chemicals: A Case Study Illustrating the Relevance of the MP Vector Effect for Risks of Plastic-Associated Chemicals in San Diego Bay -- 6.5 Mitigation of Microplastic and Plastic-Associated Chemicals -- 6.6 General Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Ecotoxicological Impacts of Micro- and Nanoplastics in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Methods Used for Review Process -- 7.2.1 Overall Review Process -- 7.2.2 Extraction and Compilation of Data -- 7.2.3 Evaluation and Scoring of Data Quality -- 7.2.4 Treatment of Extracted Data -- 7.3 Results and Discussion -- 7.3.1 General Overview of Information Extracted from Reviewed Publications -- 7.3.1.1 Polymer Type, Morphology, Surface and Size -- 7.3.1.2 Experimental Conditions -- 7.3.1.3 Organisms Used in Ecotoxicological Studies -- 7.3.1.4 Levels of Biological Organization -- 7.3.2 Ecotoxicological Effects -- 7.3.2.1 Phytoplankton. , 7.3.2.2 Cnidaria -- 7.3.2.3 Nematoda -- 7.3.2.4 Rotifera -- 7.3.2.5 Arthropoda -- 7.3.2.6 Annelida -- 7.3.2.7 Mollusca -- 7.3.2.8 Echinodermata -- 7.3.2.9 Chordata: Fish -- 7.3.3 Species Sensitivity Distributions -- 7.3.4 Direct and Indirect Effects at the Ecosystem/Community Level -- 7.3.5 Interaction of Plastic Particles with Chemicals -- 7.4 Challenges and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 8: Dietary Exposure to Additives and Sorbed Contaminants from Ingested Microplastic Particles Through the Consumption of Fisheries and Aquaculture Products -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Sorption of Environmental Contaminants by Microplastics -- 8.2.1 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) -- 8.2.2 Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) -- 8.2.3 Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) -- 8.2.4 Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) -- 8.2.5 Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) -- 8.3 Desorption of Environmental Pollutants from Microplastics -- 8.3.1 Leaching of Additives from Microplastics -- 8.4 Microplastics and Nanoplastics Occurrence in Foods -- 8.4.1 Microplastics and Nanoplastics Occurrence in Fisheries and Aquaculture Products -- 8.4.2 Microplastics and Nanoplastics Occurrence in Salt -- 8.4.3 Microplastics and Nanoplastics Occurrence in Water -- 8.5 Risk Profiling of Microplastics in Fisheries and Aquaculture Products -- 8.5.1 Microplastics Dietary Intake -- 8.5.2 Microplastics Uptake and Toxicity -- 8.5.3 Case Study: Exposure Assessment of Microplastic Additives and Associated Sorbed Contaminants via Shellfish Consumption -- 8.5.4 Limitations for Food Safety Risk Assessment -- 8.6 Research Gaps -- 8.7 Conclusions -- 8.8 Glossary -- 8.8.1 Microplastics and Nanoplastics Definition -- 8.8.2 Microplastics and Nanoplastics Composition -- 8.8.2.1 Monomers and Polymers -- 8.8.2.2 Flame Retardants -- 8.8.2.3 Plasticizers -- 8.8.2.4 Antioxidants and Stabilizers. , References -- Chapter 9: The Microplastic-Antibiotic Resistance Connection -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 The Plastisphere Concept -- 9.3 Antibiotic Resistance -- 9.4 Microplastics and Antibiotic Resistance -- 9.5 Conclusions and Directions for Future Research -- References -- Chapter 10: The United Nations Basel Convention's Global Plastic Waste Partnership: History, Evolution and Progress -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 The Evolution of the Basel Convention -- 10.3 Basel Tackles Plastic Waste -- 10.4 The Plastic Waste Amendments -- 10.5 The Plastic Waste Partnership -- 10.6 Looking Ahead -- References -- Chapter 11: Solutions to Plastic Pollution: A Conceptual Framework to Tackle a Wicked Problem -- 11.1 Premises and Aims -- 11.2 Plastic Pollution as Wicked Problem -- 11.3 Problem Formulations: Consensus or Dispute? -- 11.4 What Are We Trying to Solve? -- 11.5 Solving the Waste Problem -- 11.6 Solving the Resource Problem -- 11.7 Solving the Economic Problem -- 11.8 Solving the Societal Problem -- 11.9 Solving the Systemic Problem -- 11.10 The Four Scales of Solutions -- 11.11 How to Solve the Wicked Problem of Plastic Pollution? -- References -- Index.

Weitere Ausg.: Print version: Bank, Michael S. Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2021 ISBN 9783030786267

Sprache: Englisch

Schlagwort(e): Electronic books. ; Electronic books.

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Umfang: XV, 354 p. 27 illus., 26 illus. in color. , online resource.

Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2022.

ISBN: 9783030786274

Serie: Environmental Contamination Remediation and Management,

Inhalt: This open access book examines global plastic pollution, an issue that has become a critical societal challenge with implications for environmental and public health. This volume provides a comprehensive, holistic analysis on the plastic cycle and its subsequent effects on biota, food security, and human exposure. Importantly, global environmental change and its associated, systems-level processes, including atmospheric deposition, ecosystem complexity, UV exposure, wind patterns, water stratification, ocean circulation, etc., are all important direct and indirect factors governing the fate, transport and biotic and abiotic processing of plastic particles across ecosystem types. Furthermore, the distribution of plastic in the ocean is not independent of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics, since much of the plastic in marine ecosystems originates from land and should therefore be evaluated in the context of the larger plastic cycle. Changes in species size, distribution, habitat, and food web complexity, due to global environmental change, will likely alter trophic transfer dynamics and the ecological effects of nano- and microplastics. The fate and transport dynamics of plastic particles are influenced by their size, form, shape, polymer type, additives, and overall ecosystem conditions. In addition to the risks that plastics pose to the total environment, the potential impacts on human health and exposure routes, including seafood consumption, and air and drinking water need to be assessed in a comprehensive and quantitative manner. Here I present a holistic and interdisciplinary book volume designed to advance the understanding of plastic cycling in the environment with an emphasis on sources, fate and transport, ecotoxicology, climate change effects, food security, microbiology, sustainability, human exposure and public policy.

Anmerkung: Chapter 1. The Microplastic Cycle: An Introduction to a Complex Issue -- Chapter 2. Analytical Chemistry of Plastic Debris: Sampling, Methods and Instrumentation -- Chapter 3. Evaluating Microplastic Experimental Design and Exposure Studies in Aquatic Organisms -- Chapter 4. Microplastics in Terrestrial and Freshwater Environments -- Chapter 5. Microplastics in the Ocean and Seafood: Implications for Food Security -- Chapter 6. Weight of evidence for the Microplastic Vector Effect in the Context of Chemical Risk Assessment -- Chapter 7. Ecotoxicological Impacts of Micro- and Nanoplastics in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments -- Chapter 8. Dietary Exposure to Additives and Sorbed Contaminants from Ingested Microplastic Particles through the Consumption of Fisheries and Aquaculture Products -- Chapter 9. The Microplastic-Antimicrobial Resistance Connection -- Chapter 10. The United Nations Basel Convention's Global Plastic Waste Partnership: History, Evolution and Progress -- Chapter 11. Solutions to Plastic Pollution: A Conceptual Framework to Tackle a Wicked Problem.

In: Springer Nature eBook

Weitere Ausg.: Printed edition: ISBN 9783030786267

Weitere Ausg.: Printed edition: ISBN 9783030786281

Weitere Ausg.: Printed edition: ISBN 9783030786298

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4

URL: kostenfrei

UID:

Serie: Gebärdensprachlehre ...

Anmerkung: Medienkombination

Sprache: Deutsch

Schlagwort(e): Deutsche Gebärdensprache ; Einführung

UID:

Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource(XV, 354 p. 27 illus., 26 illus. in color.)

Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2022.

ISBN: 9783030786274

Serie: Environmental Contamination Remediation and Management

Inhalt: Chapter 1. The Microplastic Cycle: An Introduction to a Complex Issue -- Chapter 2. Analytical Chemistry of Plastic Debris: Sampling, Methods and Instrumentation -- Chapter 3. Evaluating Microplastic Experimental Design and Exposure Studies in Aquatic Organisms -- Chapter 4. Microplastics in Terrestrial and Freshwater Environments -- Chapter 5. Microplastics in the Ocean and Seafood: Implications for Food Security -- Chapter 6. Weight of evidence for the Microplastic Vector Effect in the Context of Chemical Risk Assessment -- Chapter 7. Ecotoxicological Impacts of Micro- and Nanoplastics in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments -- Chapter 8. Dietary Exposure to Additives and Sorbed Contaminants from Ingested Microplastic Particles through the Consumption of Fisheries and Aquaculture Products -- Chapter 9. The Microplastic-Antimicrobial Resistance Connection -- Chapter 10. The United Nations Basel Convention’s Global Plastic Waste Partnership: History, Evolution and Progress -- Chapter 11. Solutions to Plastic Pollution: A Conceptual Framework to Tackle a Wicked Problem.

Inhalt: This open access book examines global plastic pollution, an issue that has become a critical societal challenge with implications for environmental and public health. This volume provides a comprehensive, holistic analysis on the plastic cycle and its subsequent effects on biota, food security, and human exposure. Importantly, global environmental change and its associated, systems-level processes, including atmospheric deposition, ecosystem complexity, UV exposure, wind patterns, water stratification, ocean circulation, etc., are all important direct and indirect factors governing the fate, transport and biotic and abiotic processing of plastic particles across ecosystem types. Furthermore, the distribution of plastic in the ocean is not independent of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics, since much of the plastic in marine ecosystems originates from land and should therefore be evaluated in the context of the larger plastic cycle. Changes in species size, distribution, habitat, and food web complexity, due to global environmental change, will likely alter trophic transfer dynamics and the ecological effects of nano- and microplastics. The fate and transport dynamics of plastic particles are influenced by their size, form, shape, polymer type, additives, and overall ecosystem conditions. In addition to the risks that plastics pose to the total environment, the potential impacts on human health and exposure routes, including seafood consumption, and air and drinking water need to be assessed in a comprehensive and quantitative manner. Here I present a holistic and interdisciplinary book volume designed to advance the understanding of plastic cycling in the environment with an emphasis on sources, fate and transport, ecotoxicology, climate change effects, food security, microbiology, sustainability, human exposure and public policy.

Anmerkung: Open Access

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9783030786267

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9783030786281

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9783030786298

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 9783030786267

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 9783030786281

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 9783030786298

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4

URL: kostenfrei