Format:
Online-Ressource (XI, 153 p. 12 illus., 7 illus. in color, digital)
ISBN:
9783034804455
Series Statement:
Birkhäuser Advances in Infectious Diseases
Content:
Organs and tissues that can tolerate little or no inflammation have developed multiple overlapping mechanisms of immune protection in the absence of inflammation. These areas have been designated "immune-privileged sites by Peter Medawar and include the central nervous system, eye, reproductive tract, testis and possibly the liver. Mechanisms of immune homeostasis found in less immune-regulated organs are often evident in the immune privileged sites and vice versa. It is important that the non-inflammatory mechanisms that contribute to immune privilege allow host defense against infectious organisms. This volume highlights the mechanisms leading to immune privilege in tissues and organs, the deviation of immune responses and the modification of the behavior of the immune cells that manage to cross the blood barriers of tissues, in the context of infection.
Note:
Description based upon print version of record
,
Infection, Immune Homeostasis and Immune Privilege; Preface; Contents; Contributors; The Eye as a Model for Immune Privilege; 1 Introduction; 2 Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses; 3 Ocular (Innate) Immune Privilege: Mechanisms That Contribute to Host Defense but Lack Inflammatory Qualities; 4 Immunosuppressive Environment of the Eye; 4.1 Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGFβ); 4.2 Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (αMSH); 4.3 Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP); 4.4 Substance P (SP); 4.5 Complement System; 5 Immune Regulatory Molecules Expressed by Ocular Stromal and Innate Immune Cells
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5.1 CD200/CD200R5.2 Toll-Like Receptors; 5.3 Apoptosis (Green et al. 2009); 5.4 Defensins; 5.5 Immune Privilege and Infection in the Cornea; 5.6 Pseudomonas Keratitis; 5.7 Neutrophils, Cytokines, and Chemokines; 5.8 Staphylococcus Keratitis; 5.9 Toxins; 5.10 TLR; 5.11 Protein A; 5.12 Lipoprotein; 6 Current Therapeutic Approaches; 6.1 P. Aeruginosa; 7 Ocular (Adaptive) Immune Privilege; 8 Mechanisms That Stop Activated Immune Cells from Invading and Damaging the Eye; 8.1 Physical Barriers (Fig.1); 8.2 Modification of Behavior; 8.3 Immunosuppressive Environment of the Eye
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9 Mechanism That Induces Local and Peripheral Tolerance to Ocular Antigens10 Ocular Immune Privilege and the Impact of Intraocular Inflammation; References; Immune Privilege of the Testis: Meaning, Mechanisms, and Manifestations; 1 Introduction; 2 Critical Aspects of Testicular Structure and Function; 3 Origins and Significance of Testicular and Sperm Autoimmunity; 4 The Meaning and Limits of Testicular Immune Privilege; 5 Mechanisms Underlying Immune Privilege in the Testis; 6 The Testicular Environment and Immune Privilege in the Testis; 7 The Consequences of Testicular Immune Privilege
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ReferencesThe Role of Intrauterine Immune Privilege in Perinatal Infectious Diseases; 1 Introduction; 2 Maternal Immune Cells in the Decidua; 3 Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Expression on Trophoblast Cells; 4 HLA-G; 5 Decidual NK Cells; 6 Presentation of Fetal Antigens by Maternal APCs; 7 Regulatory T Cells; 8 Putative Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Immune Tolerance During Pregnancy; 9 Antigen-Presenting Cells in the Decidua; 10 Hormonal Regulation; 11 Susceptibility to Infectious Pathogens During Pregnancy; 11.1 Bacterial Infection as a Cause of Preterm Birth
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11.2 Cytomegaloviral Infection11.3 Parasitic Infections; 11.3.1 Toxoplasmosis; 11.3.2 Leishmaniasis; 11.3.3 Malaria; 12 Conclusions; References; The Liver as an Immune-Privileged Site; 1 Introduction; 2 Evidence for Hepatic Immune Privilege; 3 Hepatic Cell Populations Mediating Liver Immune-Privilege; 3.1 Hepatocytes; 3.2 Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells; 3.3 Kupffer Cells; 3.4 Hepatic Dendritic Cells; 3.5 Regulatory T Cells; 4 Viral Infection of the Liver; 4.1 Acute Infection; 4.2 Persistent Infection; 4.3 Therapeutic Implications; References
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Immune Homeostasis of the Lung: The Role of Regulatory NKT Cells in Asthma
Additional Edition:
ISBN 9783034804448
Additional Edition:
Buchausg. u.d.T. Infection, immune homeostasis and immune privilege Basel : Springer, 2012 ISBN 9783034804448
Additional Edition:
ISBN 303480444X
Language:
English
DOI:
10.1007/978-3-0348-0445-5
URL:
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