Format:
Online-Ressource (X, 321 p. 48 illus., 39 illus. in color, digital)
ISBN:
9783642335709
,
1283935287
,
9781283935289
Series Statement:
Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 364
Content:
The extremely potent substance botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) has attracted much interest in diverse fields. Originally identified as cause for the rare but deadly disease botulism, military and terrorist intended to misuse this sophisticated molecule as biological weapon. This caused its classification as select agent category A by the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention and the listing in the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. Later, the civilian use of BoNT as long acting peripheral muscle relaxant has turned this molecule into an indispensable pharmaceutical world wide with annual revenues〉$1.5 billion
Content:
Botulinum neurotoxins are the most toxic natural substances and represent a major threat to the population when intentionally released in bioterrorist attacks. On the other hand, during the past two decades botulinum neurotoxins have become established as indispensable drugs for the treatment of a variety of severe neurological disorders. The need for efficient countermeasures as well as the expansion into additional fields of therapeutic application, call for comprehensive information on the botulinum neurotoxin molecules and their mode of action. Our knowledge of this subject has made great strides in recent years, setting the stage for the development of new botulinum neurotoxin-based molecules and novel applications.This book reviews the current status of basic botulinum neurotoxin research. The first part describes the genetic variability of the toxin-producing bacteria, and sheds light on each step from toxin ingestion to the abrogation of synaptic signaling including the intestinal passage and absorption, nerve cell binding and entry, and intracellular substrate cleavage. The remaining chapters detail progress made in detection methods for botulinum neurotoxins, the development of botulinum neurotoxin inhibitors, and strategies to refine the neurotoxins for further medicinal applications by means of recombinant technologies.
Note:
Description based upon print version of record
,
4.1 HC-Mediated Transcytosis of BoNT (Route i)4.2 HA-Mediated Binding and Transcytosis of BoNT (Route ii); 4.3 HA-Mediated Disruption of Epithelial Barrier (Route iii); 5…Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References; 4 Double Receptor Anchorage of Botulinum Neurotoxins Accounts for their Exquisite Neurospecificity; Abstract; 1…Introduction; 2…Complex Polysialo Gangliosides Accumulate BoNT on the Neuronal Membrane; 3…The Four Domain Structure of TeNT and BoNT; 4…The Mode of Molecular CNT-Ganglioside Interaction; 5…Synaptic Vesicle Proteins are Receptors of Botulinum Neurotoxins
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9…Botulinum Neurotoxins and Their Long-Range Transport Mechanisms
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Botulinum Neurotoxins; Preface; Contents; 1 Genetic Diversity Within Clostridium botulinum Serotypes, Botulinum Neurotoxin Gene Clusters and Toxin Subtypes; Abstract; 1…Introduction; 2…Location of the Botulinum Neurotoxin Genes Within Strains; 2.1 Location of Botulinum Neurotoxin Genes Within Group I Strains; 2.2 Location of Botulinum Neurotoxin Genes Within Group II and Group VI Strains; 2.3 Location of Botulinum Neurotoxin Genes Within Group III Strains; 2.4 Location of Botulinum Neurotoxin Genes Within Group IV and Group V Strains; 3…Composition of the HA+ and orfX+ Toxin Gene Clusters
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4…Botulinum Neurotoxin Diversity4.1 Definition of a Subtype; 4.2 Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A-G and Subtype/Variant Comparisons; 4.3 Mutation and Recombination Events; 5…Summary; Acknowledgments; References; 2 Assembly and Function of the Botulinum Neurotoxin Progenitor Complex; Abstract; 1…Introduction; 2…BoNT and NAPs; 2.1 Molecular Architecture of BoNT; 2.2 NAPs: The Bodyguards of BoNTs; 3…Structure of the M-PTC; 3.1 A Recombinant Expression System to Dissect the PTCs; 3.2 NTNHA-A Forms a Tight Protective Complex with BoNT/A; 3.3 Architecture of the M-PTC; 3.4 The Structure of NTNHA-A
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3.5 A Novel Conformation of BoNT/A in the M-PTC4…Dynamic Association of the M-PTC; 4.1 BoNT/A and NTNHA-A Interactions; 4.2 pH-Dependent Association of the PTC; 5…HA Proteins; 5.1 The Structure of the HA Proteins; 5.2 HAs Mediate Toxin--Host Interactions; 6…Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; 3 Uptake of Botulinum Neurotoxin in the Intestine; Abstract; 1…Introduction; 2…Site of Uptake of BoNT and BoNT Complex in the Digestive Tract; 3…Non-toxic Proteins Protect BoNT from Gastrointestinal Degradation; 4…Mechanisms Involved in BoNT Invasion Across the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier
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6…Mode of the BoNT-Protein Receptor Interaction7…The BoNT Membrane Approach; 8…Outlook; Acknowledgments; References; 5 The Elusive Compass of Clostridial Neurotoxins: Deciding When and Where to Go?; Abstract; 1…Introduction; 2…Clostridial Neurotoxins are Multi-Domain Proteins; 3…Binding of Clostridial Neurotoxins to the Cell Surface; 4…Clostridial Neurotoxin Endocytosis; 5…Fate Decision in the Trafficking of Clostridial Neurotoxins; 6…Axonal Transport of Tetanus Neurotoxin; 7…Tetanus Toxin Shares Transport Compartments with Neurotrophins and Their Receptors; 8…Shared Pathways with Pathogens
Additional Edition:
ISBN 9783642335693
Additional Edition:
Buchausg. u.d.T. Botulinum neurotoxins Berlin : Springer, 2013 ISBN 3642335691
Additional Edition:
ISBN 9783642335693
Language:
English
Subjects:
Medicine
Keywords:
Botulinustoxin
;
Arzneimittel
;
Aufsatzsammlung
DOI:
10.1007/978-3-642-33570-9
URL:
Volltext
(lizenzpflichtig)
Author information:
Rummel, Andreas 1973-
Author information:
Binz, Thomas
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