UID:
edoccha_9960161235302883
Format:
1 online resource (512 pages) :
,
illustrations.
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
0-08-101119-9
,
0-08-101012-5
Series Statement:
Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition
Content:
Advances in Pig Welfare analyses current topical issues in the key areas of pig welfare assessment and improvement. With coverage of both recent developments and reviews of historical welfare issues, the volume provides a comprehensive survey of the field. The book is divided into two sections. Part I opens with an overview of main welfare challenges in commercial pig production systems and then reviews pig welfare hot spots from birth to slaughter. Part II highlights emerging topics in pig welfare, such as pain and health assessment, early socialisation and environmental enrichment, pig-human interactions, breeding for welfare, positive pig welfare and pigs as laboratory animals. This book is an essential part of the wider ranging series Advances in Farm Animal Welfare, with coverage of cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry. With its expert editor and international team of contributors, Advances in Pig Welfare is a key reference tool for welfare research scientists and students, veterinarians involved in welfare assessment, and indeed anyone with a professional interest in the welfare of pigs.
Note:
Front Cover -- Advances in Pig Welfare -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Introduction -- The book content -- A wish for the book -- I. Pig Welfare Hot Spots -- 1 Overview of commercial pig production systems and their main welfare challenges -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Production cycle of pigs -- 1.2.1 The mating unit -- 1.2.2 The gestation unit -- 1.2.3 The farrowing unit -- 1.2.4 The weaner unit -- 1.2.5 The rearing unit -- 1.3 Housing systems and EU welfare regulation -- 1.3.1 Mating unit -- 1.3.2 Gestation unit -- 1.3.3 Farrowing unit -- 1.3.4 Weaner unit -- 1.3.5 Rearing unit -- 1.4 Welfare challenges and possible improvements -- 1.4.1 The mating unit -- 1.4.2 The gestation unit -- 1.4.3 The farrowing unit -- 1.4.4 Weaner unit and rearing unit -- 1.5 Conclusions and future development -- References -- 2 Sow welfare in the farrowing crate and alternatives -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Why is the farrowing period a welfare 'hot spot'? -- 2.1.2 What are the sow welfare issues in farrowing/lactation? -- 2.2 Ecology of sow reproduction -- 2.2.1 Natural behaviour -- 2.2.2 Maternal investment theory -- 2.3 Genetic 'improvement' and its implications -- 2.3.1 Genetic selection criteria and their consequences for sow welfare -- 2.3.2 Short-term gains versus lifetime implications -- 2.3.3 Feasibility of selection for robustness and temperament -- 2.4 Biology-building interface -- 2.4.1 Needs of the sow (and other parties) -- 2.4.1.1 Design detail to reconcile the triangle of needs -- 2.4.2 What systems are available? -- 2.4.3 How well do they meet the needs? -- 2.4.3.1 Evaluating the welfare attributes of systems -- 2.4.3.2 Evaluating system production performance -- 2.5 Biology-management interface -- 2.5.1 Human-animal interaction -- 2.5.2 Pharmalogical intervention around farrowing and supervision.
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2.5.3 Cross-fostering and nurse sows -- 2.5.4 Feeding strategies -- 2.5.5 Weaning age -- 2.6 Conclusions and future trends -- Abbreviations -- References -- 3 Piglet mortality and morbidity: inevitable or unacceptable? -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 Current international levels and trends - are we making relative progress? -- 3.1.2 Economic, environmental and ethical importance -- 3.1.3 The evolutionary aspects of piglet mortality - are we pushing it too far? -- 3.2 Mortality and welfare -- 3.2.1 Is mortality a welfare issue? -- 3.2.2 Prevalence of different causes and their welfare implications -- 3.2.3 Stillbirths -- 3.2.4 Hypoxia, low viability/prematurity, hypothermia - do they have lesser pain perception? -- 3.2.5 Crushing, savaging - mortality vs morbidity -- 3.2.6 Congenital abnormality, starvation, infection/disease - chronic states -- 3.2.7 Ethics of euthanasia -- 3.3 Mortality patterns and trends -- 3.3.1 Interactions between causes -- 3.3.2 Different farms show different patterns -- 3.3.3 Consequences of industry changes - prolificacy, free farrowing -- 3.4 Interventions to reduce mortality and their implications -- 3.4.1 Genetic selection - piglet vitality, maternal behaviour, udder quality -- 3.4.2 Environmental selection - especially pen design and heat -- 3.4.3 Management - nutrition, supervision, intervention, fostering, nurse sows -- 3.4.3.1 Nutritional interventions -- 3.4.4 Optimising management -- 3.4.4.1 Prenatal management -- 3.4.4.2 Farrowing -- 3.4.4.3 Post-partum management: colostrum intake and fostering -- 3.5 Conclusions and future trends -- Abbreviations -- References -- 4 Lifetime consequences of the early physical and social environment of piglets -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.1.1 Long-term effects of early experiences in other species -- 4.1.2 Current state of knowledge in pigs -- 4.1.3 Relevance to pig production.
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4.2 Influences of the physical environment -- 4.2.1 Functions of the physical environment -- 4.2.2 Immediate effects on behaviour and welfare -- 4.2.3 Development of stress regulation mechanisms -- 4.2.4 Cognitive development -- 4.2.5 Behavioural development -- 4.2.6 Interplay of past experiences and current environment -- 4.3 Influences of the social environment -- 4.3.1 The importance of the mother -- 4.3.2 Interactions with peers -- 4.3.3 Interactions with humans -- 4.4 Interactions of the physical and social environment -- 4.4.1 Additive effects of physical and social stressors -- 4.4.2 Effects of the physical environment on the social environment -- 4.4.3 Effects of personality types on responses -- 4.5 Conclusions and future issues -- 4.5.1 Conclusions -- 4.5.2 New research questions for the future -- Abbreviations -- References -- 5 Tail biting -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Tail biting -- 5.1.2 Tail docking -- 5.2 What motivates tail biting? -- 5.2.1 Why does tail docking reduce the risk for tail biting damage? -- 5.3 Risk factors for tail biting: the pig -- 5.3.1 Genetics and breeding -- 5.3.2 Gender -- 5.3.3 Health -- 5.3.4 Size and growth of pigs -- 5.3.5 Behavioural phenotypes -- 5.3.5.1 How does a pig stay neutral? -- 5.3.6 Neurotransmission -- 5.4 Risk factors for tail biting: the environment -- 5.4.1 Feeding -- 5.4.1.1 Feed structure -- 5.4.1.2 Feed content -- 5.4.1.3 Feeding methods -- 5.4.2 Access to manipulable material -- 5.4.3 Space allowance and group size -- 5.4.4 Housing conditions: climate and flooring -- 5.4.5 Stockperson and farm characteristics -- 5.5 Early identification of tail biting -- 5.6 Handling tail biting outbreaks -- 5.7 Consequences of tail biting -- 5.7.1 Stress and pain -- 5.7.2 Health, growth and slaughter condemnations -- 5.7.3 Economic consequences -- 5.8 Consequences of tail docking.
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5.8.1 Pain caused by docking -- 5.8.1.1 Acute pain -- 5.8.1.2 Chronic pain -- 5.8.2 Other consequences of docking -- 5.9 Conclusions and future perspectives -- 5.9.1 Ethical considerations -- 5.9.2 Future research topics -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- References -- 6 Chains as proper enrichment for intensively-farmed pigs? -- 6.1 EC Directive -- 6.2 RICHPIG -- 6.3 Communication -- 6.4 On-farm observations -- 6.5 Animal-material interaction sensors -- 6.5.1 Introduction -- 6.5.2 Food restriction prior to anaesthesia -- 6.5.3 Flank and tail biting -- 6.5.4 Streptococcus infection -- 6.5.5 Maize silage -- 6.5.6 Straw -- 6.5.7 Short and (a bit) longer chains in poor and (really) rich rearing conditions -- 6.5.8 Conclusion about animal-material interaction sensors -- 6.6 What is proper enrichment for intensively-farmed pigs in the short term? -- 6.6.1 Are branched chains really proper enrichment? -- 6.7 Intelligent natural design -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- References -- 7 Mitigating hunger in pregnant sows -- 7.1 Development of dry sow feeding and housing -- 7.2 Concern over dry sow welfare -- 7.3 A basic model of the control of feeding behaviour -- 7.4 Reducing hunger/improving satiety in dry sows by changing the diet to include more dietary fibre -- 7.5 Different types of dietary fibre -- 7.6 Behavioural and physiological changes seen in sows given high fibre diets -- 7.6.1 Pre-meal -- 7.6.2 During a meal -- 7.6.3 Post-meal -- 7.6.4 Some hours post-meal/between meals -- 7.6.5 Motivation for additional feed -- 7.7 Does dietary fibre increase satiety and improve welfare in dry sows? -- 7.8 Does access to foraging substrates improve welfare in sows? -- 7.9 Fibre in typical industry diets -- 7.10 Sow diet effects on social behaviour -- 7.11 Sow diet effects on gut health -- 7.12 Number and timing of meals.
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7.13 The impact of sow diet and feeding methods on the piglets -- 7.13.1 Impacts of sow diet on piglet production -- 7.13.2 Potential impacts of sow diet on piglet welfare -- 7.14 Environmental impacts of fibre diets for sows -- 7.14.1 Manure handling and nitrogenous emissions -- 7.14.2 Greenhouse gas emissions -- 7.15 Future trends -- 7.16 Overall summary/conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- References -- 8 Aggression in group housed sows and fattening pigs -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Aggression and the dominance hierarchy -- 8.3 Aggression in commercial farms -- 8.3.1 Aggression post-mixing -- 8.3.2 Aggression once a hierarchy is formed -- 8.3.3 Skins lesions as a measure of aggression -- 8.4 Factors that affect sow aggression -- 8.4.1 Sow aggression around mixing -- 8.4.1.1 Space -- 8.4.1.2 Group size -- 8.4.1.3 Individual aggressive characteristics -- 8.4.1.4 Genetics, repeatability and experience -- 8.4.1.5 Other management strategies -- 8.4.2 Sow aggression once a hierarchy has been formed -- 8.4.2.1 Floor feeding -- 8.4.2.2 Individual feeding systems -- 8.4.2.3 Hunger -- 8.4.2.4 Other managerial factors -- 8.5 Factors that affect aggression in the weaner and fattening pig -- 8.5.1 Aggression in the weaner and fattening pig around mixing -- 8.5.1.1 Weaning -- 8.5.1.2 Space allowance, spatial quality and group size -- 8.5.1.3 Social experience -- 8.5.1.4 Group composition -- 8.5.2 Aggression in the weaner and fattening pig once a hierarchy has been formed -- 8.5.2.1 Space allowance and group size -- 8.5.2.2 Feeder design -- 8.5.2.3 Enrichment -- 8.6 Conclusions -- 8.7 Future trends -- Abbreviation -- References -- 9 Transport of pigs to slaughter and associated handling -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 On-farm and loading -- 9.2.1 Preparation for transport -- 9.2.1.1 Raising system -- 9.2.1.2 Preparatory handling experience.
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9.2.1.3 Feed withdrawal.
Language:
English
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