UID:
almafu_9960073735202883
Umfang:
1 online resource (0 p.)
Ausgabe:
3rd ed.
ISBN:
9780128019108
,
0128019107
Anmerkung:
Description based upon print version of record.
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Front Cover -- Reservoir Formation Damage -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- About the Author -- Preface -- 1 Overview of Formation Damage -- Summary -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Common Formation Damage Problems, Factors, and Mechanisms -- 1.3 Team for Understanding and Mitigation of Formation Damage -- 1.4 Objectives of the Book -- Exercises -- I. Characterization of Reservoir Rock for Formation Damage-Reservoir Formations, Description and Characterization, Damage Pote... -- 2 Description and Characterization of Oil and Gas Reservoirs for Formation Damage Potential -- Summary -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Origin of Petroleum-Bearing Formations -- 2.3 Types and Properties of Sedimentary Rocks -- 2.4 Operational Classification of the Constituents of Sedimentary Rocks -- 2.5 Composition of Petroleum-Bearing Formations -- 2.6 Classification of Rock Types: Depositional, Petrographic, and Hydraulic -- 2.7 Flow Units Classification of Rock Types -- 2.8 Geologic Controls on Hydrocarbon Production -- 2.9 Formation Evaluation (FE) and Reservoir Characterization (RC) -- Exercises -- 3 Petrographic Characteristics of Petroleum-Bearing Formations -- Summary -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Petrographic Characteristics -- 3.2.1 Fabric and Texture -- 3.2.2 Porosity -- 3.2.3 Spherical Pore Space Approximation -- 3.2.4 Area Open for Flow-Areosity -- 3.2.5 Tortuosity -- 3.2.6 Interconnectivity of Pores-Coordination Number -- 3.2.7 Pore and Pore Throat Size Distributions -- 3.2.7.1 Log-normal distribution -- 3.2.7.2 β-distribution -- 3.2.7.3 Fractal distribution -- 3.2.7.4 Bimodal distribution -- 3.2.8 Textural Parameters -- 3.3 Morphology of Dispersed Clays in Sandstones -- 3.4 Rock Damage Tendency and Formation Damage Index Number -- Exercises.
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II. Characterization of the Porous Media Processes for Formation Damage-Porosity and Permeability, Mineralogy Sensitivity, Petr... -- 4 Alteration of the Porosity and Permeability of Geologic Formations - Basic and Advanced Relationships -- Summary -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Basic Models for Permeability of Rocks -- 4.2.1 Kozeny-Carman Model for Unconsolidated Packed Grains, Flow Units Concept, and Reservoir Quality Index (RQI) -- 4.2.2 Modified Fair-Hatch Equation -- 4.2.3 Panda and Lake Modification of the Kozeny-Carman Model for Consolidated Rocks -- 4.2.4 Civan's Power-Law Model for Consolidated Rocks -- 4.2.5 Multiparameter Regression Models -- 4.2.6 Network Models -- 4.3 Special Effects on Porosity-Permeability Relationships -- 4.3.1 Effect of Clay Morphology -- 4.3.2 Effect of Permeability Vanishing Below Threshold Porosity -- 4.3.3 Effect of Dissolution-Precipitation and Stress on Porosity and Permeability -- 4.3.4 Effect of Temperature and Formation Damage -- 4.3.5 Effect of Effective Confining Stress -- 4.4 Advanced Permeability Equations -- 4.4.1 Porosity and Permeability Impairment in Porous Media Altered by Deposition -- 4.4.1.1 Civan's equation of the first type -- 4.4.1.2 Adin's equation -- 4.4.1.3 Civan's equation of the second type -- 4.4.1.4 Fogler's equation -- 4.4.1.5 Sharma et al. equation -- 4.4.2 Flow Efficiency Concept -- 4.4.3 Permeability from the Plugging-Nonplugging Parallel Pathways Model -- Exercises -- 5 Mineral Sensitivity of Petroleum-Bearing Formations -- Summary -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Mineral Sensitivity of Sedimentary Formations -- 5.3 Mechanism of Clay Swelling -- 5.4 Modeling of Clay Swelling -- 5.4.1 Osmotic Repulsive Pressure -- 5.4.2 Clay Swelling Coefficient -- 5.4.3 Water Absorption Rate -- 5.4.4 Kinetics of Swelling-Related Properties and Rate Equations -- 5.4.5 Basal Spacing of Clay.
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5.4.6 Water Content During Clay Swelling -- 5.4.7 Time-Dependent Clay Expansion Coefficient -- 5.4.8 Porosity Reduction by Swelling -- 5.4.9 Permeability Reduction by Swelling -- 5.5 Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) -- 5.6 Physico-Chemical Sensitivity of Clayey Formation and Clay Reactivity Coefficient (CRC) -- 5.7 Clay Stabilization -- 5.7.1 Inorganic Cations (IC) -- 5.7.2 Cationic Inorganic Polymers -- 5.7.3 Cationic Organic Polymers -- 5.7.4 Oligomers -- 5.7.5 pH-Buffer Solutions -- 5.7.6 Chemical Alteration of Clay with KOH -- 5.8 Clay and Silt Fines -- 5.9 Intense Heat Treatment -- Exercises -- 6 Petrophysical Alterations-Fluid Disposition, Distribution, and Entrapment, Flow Functions, and Petrophysical Parameters o... -- Summary -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Dependence of End-Point Saturations to Porosity and Permeability -- 6.3 Alteration and Temperature Dependency of the Rock Wettability -- 6.4 Alteration of Flow Functions: Capillary Pressure and Relative Permeability -- 6.4.1 Representing the Capillary Pressure and Relative Permeability -- 6.4.2 Effect of Morphology of Dispersed Clays on Capillary Pressure and Relative Permeability in Sandstones -- 6.5 Mobility of Gas and Water Phases, Entrapment Shock - Critical Phase Entrapment Condition (CPEC) -- 6.6 Water-Blockage in Hydraulically Created Fractures and Reservoir Formation -- 6.7 Clay Swelling by Water Imbibition -- 6.8 Sensitivity of Shale Formations to Water -- 6.9 Description of Shale Behavior -- 6.10 Shale Swelling and Stability -- 6.11 Simplified Modeling of Processes Affecting Wellbore Stability -- 6.11.1 Pressure Diffusion -- 6.11.2 Ion Diffusion -- 6.11.3 Front Positions -- 6.11.4 Near-Wellbore Mud-Filtrate Invasion -- 6.12 Remediation Methods -- 6.12.1 Shale Instability Problems -- 6.12.2 Permeability Jail Problems -- 6.12.3 Flowback Aids.
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6.12.4 Wettability Alteration and Emulsion and Water Blocks -- Exercises -- 7 Phase Equilibria, Solubility, and Precipitation in Porous Media -- Summary -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Types of Precipitation -- 7.2.1 Inorganic Precipitation -- 7.2.2 Organic Precipitation -- 7.3 Solid/Liquid Equilibrium and Solubility Equation -- 7.3.1 Solubility Equation for Molecular Solutions -- 7.3.2 Solubility Equation for Electrolyte Solutions -- 7.4 Solid/Gas Equilibrium and Solubility Equation -- 7.5 Crystallization Phenomena -- 7.5.1 Grain Nucleation, Growth, and Dissolution -- 7.5.2 Crystallization Kinetics -- 7.5.3 Prediction and Correlation of the Nucleation Time -- 7.5.4 Effect of Hydrodynamic Mixing on Scale Formation and Inhibition -- 7.6 Particle Growth and Dissolution in Solution -- 7.7 Scale Formation and Dissolution at the Pore Surface -- 7.8 Crystal Surface Pitting and Displacement by Dissolution -- Exercises -- 8 Particulate Processes in Porous Media -- Summary -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Particulate Processes -- 8.2.1 Internal Processes -- 8.2.2 External Processes -- 8.3 Properties Affecting Particles -- 8.4 Forces Acting Upon Particles -- 8.4.1 Forces Related to Transport Mechanisms -- 8.4.1.1 Inertia force -- 8.4.1.2 Gravity force -- 8.4.1.3 Centrifugal forces -- 8.4.1.4 Diffusion force -- 8.4.1.5 Hydrodynamic force -- 8.4.2 Forces Related to Attachment Mechanisms -- 8.4.2.1 London-van der Waals force -- 8.4.2.2 Friction-drag force and hydrodynamic thinning -- 8.4.3 Forces Related to Detachment Mechanisms -- 8.4.3.1 Shearing force -- 8.4.3.2 Electrostatic double-layer force -- 8.4.3.3 Born repulsion force -- 8.4.3.4 Structural forces -- 8.5 Rate Equations for Particulate Processes in Porous Matrix -- 8.5.1 Surface Deposition -- 8.5.2 Pore Filling After Pore-Throat Plugging -- 8.5.3 Filtration Coefficient.
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8.5.4 Dislodgment and Redeposition of Particles at Pore Throats -- 8.5.5 Plugging of Fracture Entrances During Fines Invasion into Naturally Fractured Formations -- 8.5.6 Colloidal Release and Mobilization, Salinity Shock, and Critical Salt Concentration (CSC) -- 8.5.7 Hydraulic Erosion and Mobilization -- 8.6 Particulate Phenomena in Multiphase Systems -- 8.6.1 Effect of Wettability on Particle Behavior -- 8.6.2 Particle Transfer Across Fluid-Fluid Interfaces -- 8.6.3 Delay in Deposition of Dispersed Phases and Precipitates in Porous Formations -- 8.7 Temperature Effect on Particulate Processes -- Exercises -- 9 Multiphase and Multispecies Transport in Porous Media -- Summary -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Multiphase and MultiSpecies Systems in Porous Media -- 9.3 Alternative Expressions of Various Species-Content and Flow for Systems in Porous Media -- 9.4 Multispecies and Multiphase Macroscopic Transport Equations -- 9.4.1 Mass Balance Equation (Equation of Continuity) -- 9.4.2 Momentum Balance Equation (Equation of Motion) -- 9.4.3 Energy Balance Equation (Equation of Energy) -- Exercises -- III. Formation Damage by Particulate Processes-Single- and Multi-Phase Fines Migration, Clay Swelling, Filtrate and Particulate ... -- 10 Single-Phase Formation Damage by Fines Migration and Clay Swelling -- Summary -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Algebraic Core Impairment Model -- 10.2.1 Bundle of Capillary Tubes Model -- 10.2.2 Permeability Impairment Model -- 10.2.3 Damage Mechanisms -- 10.2.3.1 Gradual pore size reduction by surface deposition (interception or diffusion) -- 10.2.3.2 Elimination of flow tubes by single pore blocking -- 10.2.3.3 Cake formation (straining or size exclusion and/or pore plugging and filling) -- 10.2.4 Coupling Formation Damage and Flow Through Capillary Tubes -- 10.2.5 Diagnostic Equations for Typical Cases.
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10.2.5.1 Deposition of externally introduced particles.
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English
Weitere Ausg.:
ISBN 9780128018989
Weitere Ausg.:
ISBN 0128018984
Sprache:
Englisch
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