UID:
almafu_9960072765502883
Format:
1 online resource (900 pages)
Edition:
3rd ed.
ISBN:
9780323400022
Note:
Front Cover -- Inside Front Cover -- Cell Biology -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contributors -- Preface -- Table Of Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Guide to Figures Featuring Specific Organisms and Specialized Cells -- I Introduction to Cell Biology -- 1 Introduction to Cells -- Universal Principles of Living Cells -- Features That Distinguish Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells -- Overview of Eukaryotic Cellular Organization and Functions -- Plasma Membrane -- Nucleus -- Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis -- Endoplasmic Reticulum -- Golgi Apparatus -- Lysosomes -- Mitochondria -- Peroxisomes -- Cytoskeleton and Motility Apparatus -- Cell Cycle -- Welcome to the Rest of the Book -- 2 Evolution of Life on Earth -- Prebiotic Chemistry Leading to an RNA World -- Divergent Evolution From the Last Universal Common Ancestor of Life -- Evolution of Prokaryotes -- Origin of Eukaryotes -- The First Billion Years of Eukaryotic Evolution -- Evolution of the Mitochondrion -- Evolution of Membrane-Bounded Organelles -- Origins and Evolution of Chloroplasts -- Divergence Eukaryotes From Last Eukaryotic Common Ancestor -- Evolution of Multicellular Eukaryotes -- Looking Back in Time -- Acknowledgments -- Selected Readings -- II Chemical and Physical Background -- II Chemical and Physical Background -- Section II Overview -- 3 Molecules -- Water -- Proteins -- Properties of Amino Acids -- Architecture of Proteins -- Folding of Polypeptides -- Secondary Structure -- Packing of Secondary Structure in Proteins -- Interaction of Proteins with Solvent -- Intrinsically Disordered Regions of Proteins -- Protein Dynamics -- Modular Domains in Proteins -- Nucleic Acids -- Building Blocks of Nucleic Acids -- Covalent Structure of Nucleic Acids -- Secondary Structure of DNA -- Secondary and Tertiary Structure of RNAs -- Carbohydrates -- Aqueous Phase of Cytoplasm.
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Acknowledgments -- Selected Readings -- 4 Biophysical Principles -- First-Order Reactions -- Second-Order Reactions -- Reversible Reactions -- Thermodynamic Considerations -- Linked Reactions -- Chemical Bonds -- Hydrogen and Electrostatic Bonds -- Hydrophobic Effect -- van der Waals Interactions -- Strategy for Understanding Cellular Functions -- Analysis of an Enzyme Mechanism: The Ras GTPase -- Acknowledgment -- Selected Readings -- 5 Macromolecular Assembly -- Assembly of Macromolecular Structures From Subunits -- Specificity by Multiple Weak Bonds on Complementary Surfaces -- Symmetrical Structures Constructed From Identical Subunits -- Subunits Arranged in Hexagonal Arrays in Plane Sheets -- Helical Filaments Produced by Polymerization of Identical Subunits With Like Bonds -- Spherical Assemblies Formed by Regular Polygons of Subunits -- Assembly Pathways -- Regulation at Multiple Steps on Sequential Assembly Pathways -- Regulation by Subunit Biosynthesis and Degradation -- Regulation of Nucleation -- Regulation by Changes in Environmental Conditions -- Regulation by Covalent Modification of Subunits -- Regulation by Accessory Proteins -- EXAMPLE 1 Actin Filaments: Rate-Limiting Nucleation and the Concept of Critical Concentration -- EXAMPLE 2 Myosin Filaments: New Properties Emerge as the Filaments Grow -- EXAMPLE 3 Bacterial Flagella: Assembly with a Rate-Limiting Folding Reaction -- EXAMPLE 4 Tobacco Mosaic Virus: A Helical Polymer Assembled With a Molecular Ruler of RNA -- EXAMPLE 5 Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus: Quasi-equivalent Bonding Between Protein Subunits -- EXAMPLE 6 Bacteriophage T4: Three Irreversible Assembly Pathways Form a Metastable Structure -- Acknowledgment -- Selected Readings -- 6 Research Strategies -- Imaging -- Light Microscopy Methods -- Fluorescence Microscopy -- Fluorescent Probes.
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Imaging Methods for Fluorescence Microscopy -- Superresolution Fluorescence Microscopy -- Electron Microscopy -- Choice of Organisms for Biological Research -- Model Organisms -- Cell Culture -- Inventory: Gene and Protein Discovery -- Classical Genetics: Identification of Genes Through Mutations -- Genomics and Reverse Genetics -- Biochemical Fractionation -- Purification of Organelles -- Purification of Soluble Proteins -- From Protein to Gene -- Isolation of Genes and Complementary DNAs -- Genome Engineering -- Molecular Structure -- Primary Structure -- Subunit Composition -- Atomic Structure -- Partners and Pathways -- Biochemical Methods -- Genetics -- Large-Scale Screening With Microarrays -- Rates and Affinities -- Reconstitution of Function From Isolated Components -- Anatomic Tests of Physiological Function -- Three Options to Test for Physiological Function -- Reducing the Concentration of a Macromolecule -- Increasing the Concentration of a Macromolecule -- Altering the Activity of a Macromolecule -- Mathematical Models of Systems -- Selected Readings -- Internet -- III Chromatin, Chromosomes, and the Cell Nucleus -- Section III Overview -- 7 Chromosome Organization -- Chromosome Morphology and Nomenclature -- One DNA Molecule Per Chromosome -- Organization of Genes on Chromosomes -- Transposable Elements Make up Much of the Human Genome -- Pseudogenes -- Segmental Duplications in the Human Genome -- The Human Genome: Variations on a Theme -- The Centromere: Overview -- Variations in Centromere Organization Among Species -- Vertebrate Centromere DNA -- Ends of the Chromosomes: Why Specialized Telomeres Are Needed -- Structure of Telomeric DNA -- How Telomeres Replicate the Ends of the Chromosomal DNA -- Structural Proteins of the Telomere -- Telomeres, Aging, and Cancer -- Acknowledgments -- Selected Readings.
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8 DNA Packaging in Chromatin and Chromosomes -- First Level of Chromosomal DNA Packaging: The Nucleosome -- Chromatin Modifications and Regulation of Chromatin Function -- Regulation of Chromatin Structure by the Histone N-Terminal Tails -- Histone Deposition During Nucleosome Assembly -- Histone Variants -- Linker DNA and the Linker Histone H1 -- Functional Compartmentation of Chromatin: Heterochromatin and Euchromatin -- Imprinting: A Specialized Type of Gene Silencing -- Higher-Order Structure of Chromosomes -- Higher Levels of Chromosomal DNA Packaging in Interphase Nuclei -- Large-Scale Structural Compartmentation of the Nucleus -- Special Interphase Chromosomes With Clearly Resolved Loop Structures -- Chromatin Conformation Capture and Topologically Associating Domains -- Organization of Mitotic Chromosomes -- Role of Nonhistone Proteins in Chromosome Architecture -- The Chromosome's Control Center: The Kinetochore -- Mammalian Kinetochore Proteins -- Centromere Proteins of the Budding Yeast -- Role of RNA Interference at Fission Yeast Centromeres -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- Selected Readings -- 9 Nuclear Structure and Dynamics -- Overall Organization of the Nucleus -- Specialized Subdomains of the Nucleus -- The Nucleolus: The Most Prominent Nuclear Subdomain -- Ribosomal Biogenesis in Functionally Distinct Regions of the Nucleolus -- Disassembly of the Nucleolus During Mitosis -- Structure of the Nuclear Envelope -- Structure and Assembly of the Nuclear Lamina -- Proteins of the Inner Nuclear Membrane -- Role of the Nuclear Envelope in Genome Organization -- Nuclear Envelope Defects Lead to Human Diseases -- Nuclear Pore Complexes -- Traffic Between Nucleus and Cytoplasm -- Components of Nuclear Import and Export -- Adapters -- Nuclear Transport Receptors -- Directionality/Recycling Factors.
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Description of a Single Import Cycle in Detail -- A Distinct Pathway for mRNA Export From Nuclei -- Regulation of Transport Across the Nuclear Envelope -- Disorders Associated With Defective Nuclear Trafficking -- Other Uses of the Importin/Ran Switch -- Acknowledgments -- Selected Readings -- IV Central Dogma: From Gene to Protein -- IV Central Dogma: From Gene to Protein -- Section IV Overview -- 10 Gene Expression* -- Transcription Cycle -- Transcription Unit -- Biogenesis of RNA -- RNA Polymerases -- RNA Polymerase Promoters -- Transcription Initiation -- General Eukaryotic Transcription Factors -- RNA Polymerase II Factors -- Initiation by RNA Polymerases I and III -- Summary of the Eukaryotic Basal Transcription Machinery -- Transcription Elongation and Termination -- Transcription Elongation Complex -- Catalytic Cycle -- Pausing, Arrest, and Termination -- Termination -- Gene-Specific Transcription Regulation -- Regulation of Transcription Initiation in Prokaryotes -- Overview of Eukaryotic Gene-Specific Transcription -- Mapping Transcription Components on the Genome -- Chromatin and Transcription -- Histone Modifications and Gene Expression -- Gene-Specific Eukaryotic Transcription Factors -- DNA-Binding Domains -- Homeodomain -- Zinc Finger Proteins -- Leucine Zipper Proteins -- Transcription Factors as Modular Proteins -- Transcription Factor Binding to Eukaryotic Promoter Proximal and Enhancer Elements -- Coactivators -- Long-Range Regulatory Interactions -- Post Initiation Regulation of Polymerase II Transcription -- Combinatorial Control -- Modulation of Transcription Factor Activity -- Transcription Factors and Signal Transduction -- Steroid Hormone Receptors -- Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling -- Nuclear Factor κB Signaling -- Transcription Factors in Development -- Selected Readings -- 11 Eukaryotic RNA Processing*.
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Synthesis of Messenger RNAs.
Additional Edition:
Print version: Pollard, Thomas D. Cell Biology E-Book Philadelphia : Elsevier,c2016 ISBN 9780323341264
Language:
English
Keywords:
Electronic books.
;
Electronic books.
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