Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Format: 1 online resource (0 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 0-443-30121-2

Note: Front Cover -- Lung Cancer and Environmental Toxicants -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of contributors -- About the editors -- 1 Introduction to lung cancer -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 Screening for lung cancer -- 1.2 Current and future prospects for staging lung cancer -- 1.3 Stem cells and lung cancer -- 1.3.1 Stem cell therapies -- 1.4 The future of surgery for lung cancer -- 1.5 The future of adjuvant therapy for resected nonsmall cell lung cancer -- 1.6 Strategies for improvement -- 1.6.1 Targeted therapies for lung cancer -- 1.7 Conclusions -- References -- 2 Environmental toxicants -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Types of environmental toxicants -- 2.2.1 Chemical toxicants -- 2.2.1.1 Heavy metals -- 2.2.1.2 Pesticides -- 2.2.1.3 Industrial chemicals -- 2.2.2 Biological toxicants -- 2.2.2.1 Microbial toxins -- 2.2.2.2 Biotoxins from plants and animals -- 2.2.3 Physical toxicants -- 2.2.3.1 Radiation -- 2.2.3.2 Particulate matter -- 2.3 Sources of environmental toxicants -- 2.3.1 Natural sources -- 2.3.2 Anthropogenic sources -- 2.3.3 Point versus nonpoint sources -- 2.4 Mechanisms of toxicity -- 2.4.1 Cellular and molecular mechanisms -- 2.4.2 Oxidative stress and DNA damage -- 2.4.3 Disruption of hormonal and immune systems -- 2.5 Health impacts of environmental toxicants -- 2.5.1 Acute and chronic effects -- 2.5.2 Effects on vulnerable populations -- 2.5.3 Case studies -- 2.5.3.1 Minamata disease (mercury poisoning) -- 2.5.3.2 Bhopal disaster (methyl isocyanate exposure) -- 2.6 Environmental distribution and fate of toxicants -- 2.6.1 Bioaccumulation and biomagnification -- 2.6.2 Transport and transformation in air, water, and soil -- 2.6.3 Persistence and degradability -- 2.7 Detection and monitoring of environmental toxicants -- 2.7.1 Analytical techniques -- 2.7.2 Chromatography -- 2.7.3 Spectroscopy. , 2.7.4 Mass spectrometry -- 2.7.5 Biomonitoring and environmental sampling -- 2.7.6 Challenges in detection -- 2.8 Mitigation and remediation strategies -- 2.9 Public awareness and education -- 2.10 Future directions and conclusion -- 2.10.1 Future directions -- 2.11 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Environmental toxicants and lung cancer -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Epidemiology of lung cancer -- 3.2.1 Vaping and environmental toxicants interact as lung cancer risk factors -- 3.2.2 Vaping and lung cancer -- 3.3 Nitrosamine compounds -- 3.3.1 Propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin -- 3.3.2 Flavoring compounds -- 3.3.3 Cannabidiol vaping products -- 3.4 Environmental toxicants and lung cancer -- 3.4.1 Medical radiation -- 3.4.2 Heavy metals -- 3.4.3 Cadmium -- 3.4.4 Arsenic -- 3.4.5 Asbestos -- 3.4.6 Pesticides -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Chemical substances linked to lung cancer -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Chemical substances associated with lung cancer -- 4.2.1 Tobacco smoke -- 4.2.1.1 Carcinogenic components in tobacco smoke -- 4.2.1.2 Mechanisms of action in lung cancer -- 4.2.2 Asbestos -- 4.2.3 Radon gas -- 4.2.4 Heavy metals -- 4.2.4.1 Arsenic -- 4.2.4.2 Chromium -- 4.2.4.3 Nickel -- 4.2.5 Airborne pollutants -- 4.2.5.1 Particulate matter (PM) -- 4.2.5.2 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons -- 4.2.6 Industrial and occupational chemicals -- 4.2.6.1 Diesel exhaust -- 4.2.6.2 Silica dust -- 4.2.6.3 Chemical solvents -- 4.2.7 Mechanisms of chemical-induced lung carcinogenesis -- 4.2.7.1 DNA damage and mutation -- 4.2.7.2 Oxidative stress and inflammation -- 4.2.7.3 Epigenetic modifications -- 4.3 Epidemiological evidence -- 4.4 Strategies for prevention and mitigation -- 4.5 Advances in research and therapeutic interventions -- 4.5.1 Identification of biomarkers -- 4.5.2 Innovations in screening and early detection. , 4.5.3 Targeted therapies for chemically induced lung cancer -- 4.6 Future directions -- 4.7 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Asbestos and lung cancer -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Lung cancer and cumulative asbestos exposure, with or without asbestosis-source epidemiological data -- 5.2 The pathogenesis and some molecular alterations in, asbestos-related lung cancer -- 5.3 The synergy between asbestos fibers and tobacco smoke for lung cancer causation epidemiological data -- 5.3.1 The synergy between asbestos fibers and tobacco smoke for lung cancer causation -- 5.4 The synergy between asbestos fibers and tobacco smoke for lung cancer causation -- 5.4.1 The synergy between asbestos fibers and tobacco smoke for lung cancer causation-studies in humans -- 5.5 Relevance of estimates of cumulative asbestos exposure to causal attribution and lung cancer risk -- 5.6 Problems with numerical assessments of asbestos exposure -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Arsenic and lung cancer -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Sources of arsenic and its geography -- 6.3 Role of arsenic in medicine -- 6.4 Present studies on non-malignant lung illnesses and arsenic -- 6.5 Lung disorders and the metabolism of arsenic -- 6.6 The pathological mechanism of arsenic-induced lung cancer -- 6.7 Treatment -- 6.7.1 Natural antioxidants fighting arsenic toxicity -- 6.7.2 Role of chelators in arsenic toxicity -- 6.8 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Benzene and lung cancer -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Benzene: properties, use, and exposure -- 7.2.1 Pathophysiology of benzene-induced toxicity -- 7.2.2 Benzene interferes with cell cycle control, apoptosis, and DNA repair mechanisms -- 7.3 Mechanisms linking benzene exposure to lung cancer -- 7.3.1 Oxidative stress and benzene exposure -- 7.4 Epidemiological evidence linking benzene to lung cancer -- 7.5 Regulatory and preventive measures. , 7.5.1 Future directions in research and policy -- 7.6 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Cadmium and lung cancer -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Cadmium: sources and exposure pathways -- 8.2.1 Natural and anthropogenic sources of cadmium in the environment -- 8.2.2 Occupational and nonoccupational exposure pathways -- 8.2.3 Routes of cadmium entry into the human body -- 8.3 Mechanisms of cadmium-induced carcinogenesis -- 8.3.1 Overview of cellular and molecular mechanisms implicated in cadmium-induced lung carcinogenesis -- 8.3.2 Cadmium's effects on gene expression and cell signaling pathways related to cancer -- 8.4 Epidemiological evidence linking cadmium and lung cancer -- 8.5 Risk factors and populations at risk -- 8.5.1 Populations at high risk of cadmium exposure and lung cancer -- 8.5.2 Synergistic effect of cadmium exposure with other lung cancer risk factors -- 8.6 Diagnosis and biomarkers of cadmium exposure -- 8.6.1 Current methods for diagnosing cadmium exposure and related health effects -- 8.6.2 Potential biomarkers of cadmium exposure and early lung cancer detection -- 8.7 Treatment and management of cadmium-induced health effects -- 8.8 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Nickel and lung cancer -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Epidemiological exploration -- 9.3 Ni accumulation in the human pulmonary system -- 9.4 Ni's impact on immune function: exploring immunotoxic effects -- 9.5 Ni compound-induced chromosomal damage: mechanisms and implications -- 9.6 Molecular mechanisms: Ni's impact on DNA and nuclear proteins in lung cancer -- 9.6.1 Ni ion binding to DNA and nuclear proteins -- 9.6.2 DNA damage: Strand breaks and crosslinks induced by Ni exposure -- 9.6.3 DNA synthesis dysregulation and impaired DNA repair mechanisms -- 9.6.4 Transition of B-DNA to Z-DNA: exploring the helical shift. , 9.7 The role of oncogenes and oncogene proteins in evaluating the carcinogenic potential of Ni -- 9.8 Therapeutic strategies for Ni-Induced lung cancer -- 9.9 Conclusion and future perspective -- References -- 10 Uranium and lung cancer -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Uranium (good metal or bed metal?) -- 10.3 Source and exposure of uranium in lung cancer -- 10.4 Uranium sources in groundwater -- 10.5 Metabolism of uranium -- 10.5.1 Absorption -- 10.5.2 Tissue distribution -- 10.5.3 Excretion -- 10.6 Effect of uranium in human health and in lung cancer -- 10.7 How lung cancer develops -- 10.8 Risk factors for lung cancer -- 10.8.1 Non modifiable risk factors -- 10.8.1.1 Age -- 10.8.1.2 Gender -- 10.8.1.3 Family history -- 10.8.2 Modifiable risk factors -- 10.8.2.1 Tobacco smoking -- 10.8.2.2 Asbestos -- 10.8.2.3 Radon -- 10.8.2.4 Arsenic -- 10.8.2.5 Air pollution -- 10.9 Type of lung cancer -- 10.9.1 Nonsmall-cell lung cancer -- 10.9.2 Small-cell lung carcinoma -- 10.10 Clinical presentation -- 10.11 Pathology of lung cancer -- 10.12 Lung cancer pathophysiology associated with uranium -- 10.13 Epidemiology -- 10.14 Treatment options for lung cancer -- 10.14.1 Surgery -- 10.14.2 Radiotherapy -- 10.14.3 Stereotactic body radiotherapy -- 10.14.4 Particle beam radiotherapy -- 10.14.5 Systemic therapies -- 10.14.6 Immunotherapy -- 10.15 Mortality from lung cancer -- 10.16 Conclusion and future challenges -- References -- 11 Formaldehyde and lung cancer -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Understanding formaldehyde -- 11.2.1 Physical properties of formaldehyde -- 11.2.2 Chemical properties of formaldehyde -- 11.2.3 Production and use of formaldehyde -- 11.3 Workplace and environmental contact -- 11.4 Biochemical interactions, metabolic transformations, and pharmacokinetic profiles -- 11.5 Techniques for evaluating DNA damage -- 11.5.1 Dissecting genotoxic mechanisms. , 11.6 Chronic exposure to formaldehyde: bioassay results and their significance.

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-443-30120-4

Language: English