Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Format: 1 online resource (1246 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9780443365706 , 0443365709 , 9780443365690 , 0443365695

Note: Intro -- Terrestrial Biomes: Global Biome Conservation and Global Warming Impacts on Ecology and Biodiversity -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Contributors -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Section A: Deserts -- Chapter 1: Antarctica desert -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Geographic location -- 3. Biodiversity -- 3.1. Terrestrial biota -- 3.1.1. Vertebrates -- Birds -- Seals -- 3.1.2. Protists and invertebrates -- Protozoa -- Rotifera -- Tardigrada -- Nematoda -- Platyhelminthes -- Gastrotricha -- Annelida -- Mollusca -- Crustacea -- Insecta -- Arachnida -- Myriapoda -- 3.1.3. Plants -- 3.2. Intertidal zone biota -- 4. Conservation areas and their ecological indicators -- 5. Human activities and their impacts -- 6. Conclusions and perspectives -- References -- Chapter 2: Northern Great Rift Valley: Deserts and other biomes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Geographic and geologic history -- 3. Notes on Fauna and Flora -- 4. Human activities and their impacts -- 5. Dead Sea and Jordan Valley area -- 6. There is also pillage of resources of the Dead Sea -- 7. Conservation -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3: Ecosystem services in the Atacama region, Chile -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Ecosystem services -- 1.2. The region of Atacama in Chile and ecosystem services -- 2. Methodology -- 2.1. Study area: The Huasco river valley -- 2.2. Definition of local actors -- 2.3. Design and application of the interview -- 2.4. Data analysis -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4: Loss of biodiversity and effect of climate change on the vascular flora of the Chihuahuan Desert of Mexico -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Geographic location -- 3. Biodiversity of the Chihuahuan Desert of Mexico -- 4. Conservation areas and their ecological indicators -- 5. Human activities and their impacts. , 6. Operational and potential tools to conserve or recover the biome -- 7. Conclusions and perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5: Simpson Desert -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. The central Australian environment through time -- 1.2. Historical biogeography -- 2. Geographic location -- 2.1. Landforms -- 2.2. Climate -- 2.3. Land use and tenure -- 3. Biodiversity -- 3.1. Indigenous biocultural knowledge and use -- 3.2. Vegetation -- 3.3. Vertebrates -- 3.3.1. Mammals -- 3.3.2. Birds -- 3.3.3. Reptiles -- 3.3.4. Amphibians -- 3.3.5. Fish -- 3.4. Invertebrates -- 3.5. Genetic diversity -- 3.6. Ecological diversity -- 3.6.1. Rainfall and wildfire -- 3.6.2. Biotic interactions -- 4. Human activities and their impacts -- 4.1. Current threats -- 4.2. Future threats -- 5. Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or recover the biome -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6: The Indian Thar Desert -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Geographic location -- 3. Biodiversity -- 3.1. Floral biodiversity -- 3.2. Faunal biodiversity -- 3.2.1. Invertebrates -- 3.2.2. Vertebrates -- 4. Conservation areas and their ecological indicators -- 4.1. Conservation of flora -- 4.2. Conservation of fauna -- 5. Human activities and their impacts -- 6. Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or to recover the biome -- 7. Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 7: Sahara and other African deserts -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Overview of African deserts -- 1.2. Background and significance of studying African deserts -- 1.3. Objectives and scope of the chapter -- 2. Geographic location -- 3. Major landforms and geomorphic features -- 4. Climate and climatic variations -- 5. Desertification processes and their drivers -- 6. Biodiversity -- 6.1. Species richness and endemism. , 6.2. Adaptations of flora and fauna to desert conditions -- 6.3. Unique desert ecosystems and their ecological functions -- 7. Conservation areas and their ecological indicators -- 7.1. Protected areas and biodiversity hotspots -- 7.1.1. National parks -- 7.1.2. Wildlife reserves -- 7.1.3. Community-managed conservancies -- 7.1.4. Biodiversity hotspots -- 7.2. Ecoindicators for conservation assessment -- 7.2.1. Species diversity -- 7.2.2. Habitat connectivity -- 7.2.3. Population trends -- 7.2.4. Ecosystem services -- 7.2.5. Threats and pressures -- 7.3. Ecoindicators for assessing desert ecosystem health and resilience -- 7.3.1. Vegetation cover -- 7.3.2. Species diversity and abundance -- 7.3.3. Water availability -- 7.3.4. Soil health -- 7.3.5. Indicator species -- 7.4. Management strategies for habitat conservation -- 7.4.1. Habitat protection -- 7.4.2. Invasive species control -- 7.4.3. Community engagement -- 7.4.4. Law enforcement and monitoring -- 7.4.5. Climate change adaptation -- 8. Human activities and their impacts -- 9. Operational and potential monitoring tools of conservation and restoration -- 9.1. Remote sensing -- 9.2. Geographic information systems -- 9.3. Biodiversity surveys -- 9.4. Noninvasive monitoring techniques -- 9.5. Climate monitoring -- 9.6. Community-based monitoring -- 9.7. Indicators of ecosystem health -- 10. Conclusions and perspectives -- Conflicts of interests -- Funding -- References -- Section B: Insular biomes -- Chapter 8: Madagascar and Mauritius as insular biomes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Geographic location -- 3. Biodiversity -- 4. Conservation areas and their ecological indicators -- 5. Human activities and their impacts -- 6. Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or to recover the biome -- 7. Conclusions and perspectives -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Section C: Mediterranean. , Chapter 9: Mediterranean Basin -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Climate -- 3. Biological history -- 4. Ecoregions -- 4.1. Terrestrial ecoregions -- 4.2. Freshwater ecoregions -- 4.3. Marine ecoregions -- 5. Species diversity and endemism -- 6. Plant and animal diversity -- 6.1. Vegetation -- 6.2. Flora -- 6.3. Birds -- 6.4. Mammals -- 6.5. Amphibians -- 6.6. Reptiles -- 6.7. Invertebrates -- 7. Ecosystem services in the Mediterranean Basin Hotspot -- References -- Chapter 10: An Afromontane biome in South Africa: Ecological quality of natural vs transformed habitats -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Geographic location -- 3. Biodiversity -- 4. Conservation areas and their ecological indicators -- 5. Human activities and their impacts -- 6. Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or to recover the biome -- 7. Concluding remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section D: Prairies and steppes -- Chapter 11: Prairies and steppes: Cradles of grassland biodiversity -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Global distribution of prairies and steppes -- 3. Biodiversity of prairies and steppes -- 3.1. Flora -- 3.2. Fauna -- 4. Determinants of biodiversity -- 5. Thread and management of grasslands -- References -- Chapter 12: European steppes and forest-steppes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Geographic location, origin, and climate -- 3. Biodiversity and its conservation -- 4. Human activities and their impacts -- 5. Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or to recover the biome -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 13: American -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Geographic location -- 2.1. Grasslands -- 2.2. North America -- 2.3. South America -- 3. History -- 3.1. North America -- 3.2. South America -- 4. Biodiversity -- 4.1. North America -- 4.2. South America -- 5. Conservation areas and their ecological indicators -- 5.1. Conservation areas. , 5.1.1. North America -- 5.1.2. South America -- 6. Ecological indicators -- 6.1. Birds -- 6.2. Insects -- 6.3. Plants -- 6.4. Mammals -- 7. Human activities and their impacts -- 7.1. Habitat loss -- 7.2. Habitat conversion -- 7.3. Invasive species -- 7.3.1. Graminoids -- 7.3.2. Forbs -- 7.3.3. Woody species -- 7.4. Habitat fragmentation and landscape change -- 7.4.1. Plants -- 7.4.2. Insects -- 7.4.3. Birds -- 7.4.4. Stream fish -- 7.4.5. Herpetofauna -- 7.4.6. Mammals -- 7.5. Changes to disturbance regimes -- 7.6. Urbanization -- 7.7. Climatic and environmental changes -- 8. Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or recover the biome -- 8.1. Grazing as an operational tool -- 8.2. Fire as an operational tool -- 8.2.1. Temporal -- 8.2.2. Spatial -- 8.2.3. Habitat impacts -- 8.3. Mowing as an operational tool -- 8.4. Alternative operational tools -- 8.4.1. Herbicide -- 8.4.2. Mechanical removal -- 8.4.3. Seeding -- 9. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section E: Shrublands -- Chapter 14: Biodiversity and ecological dynamics of the Fynbos biome in South Africa -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Fire adaptability -- 3. Features and dispersal pattern -- 4. Significance of Fynbos -- 5. Nutrient cycling and ecological stability -- 6. Genetic storage -- 7. Cultural and research value -- 8. Water regulation and purification -- 9. Threats and conservation challenges -- 10. Habitat loss -- 11. Climate change -- 12. Invasive alien species -- 13. Agriculture and forest plantations -- 14. Urbanization -- 15. Pollution -- 16. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15: Mediterranean shrublands -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Postfire dynamics of shrubs: How do shrubs recover lost space? -- 3. The seeder shrubs: Fabiana imbricata and Acaena splendens -- 4. Resprouter shrubs: Mulinum spinosum and Senecio bracteolatus -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments. , References.

Language: English