KOBV-Portal

UID:

almafu_9959328118002883

Umfang: 1 online resource (xxiv, 694 pages)

Ausgabe: 2nd ed.

ISBN: 9780470779750 , 0470779756 , 9780470779767 , 0470779764 , 9780470017272 , 0470017279

Inhalt: Second Edition has been completely revised and updated, plus there are some important additions reflecting recent developments. In detail, this volume: Features a new section on prevention and screening--both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Contains detailed considerations of the epidemiology of diabetes in populations around the world, including Africa, South-East Asia, India, China, the Caribbean and the Pacific Islands. The Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus: An international perspective provides an unique, overall assessment of the prevalence of Diabetes, and discusses in detail the impact of the disease in all geographic regions. It is an essential resource for practitioners, students, scientists, and all those working in the public health sector.

Anmerkung: Machine derived contents note: Contents -- About the Editors xv -- Contributors xvii -- Foreword xxix -- Acknowledgments xxxi -- 1: Introduction, J.-M. Eko?e, M. Rewers, P.Z. Zimmet -- and R. Williams 1 -- Introduction, 1 Introduction to the Second Edition, 2 -- 2: The Clinical Syndrome and the Biochemical Definition, J.-M. Eko?e, -- P.Z. Zimmet and J.-F. Yale 5 -- Definition of the Diabetic State, 5 The Clinical Syndrome, 6 The -- Biochemical Definition, 7 Hyperglycemia: the Common Factor, 7 -- Significance of Blood Glucose in a Population, 7 -- 3: Diagnosis and Classification, J.-M. Eko?e and P.Z. Zimmet 11 -- Diagnosis and Diagnostic Criteria, 11 The Demonstration of an Abnormal -- Blood Glucose Level Using an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, 12 The Oral -- Glucose Tolerance Test, 12 New Criteria in Diagnostic Value for Fasting -- Plasma Blood Glucose Concentrations, 13 Epidemiological Studies, 14 -- Classification of the Diabetes Mellitus Syndrome and Other Categories of -- Glucose Intolerance, 14 Previous Classifications, 14 New Classifications, 15 -- Changes in Terminology, 15 Clinical Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and -- Other Categories of Glucose Tolerance, 17 The Newly Proposed Staging -- Classification, 18 Diabetes Mellitus, 19 Impaired Glucose Regulation -- (Prediabetes), 19 Normoglycemia, 19 The Newly Proposed Etiological -- Types, 19 Type 1, 19 Type 2, 20 Other Specific Types, 20 Genetic Defects -- of?-cell Function, 21 Genetic Defects in Insulin Action, 22 Diseases of the -- Exocrine Pancreas, 22 Endocrinopathies, 22 Drug- or Chemical-induced -- Diabetes, 22 Infections, 22 Uncommon but Specific Forms of -- Immune-mediated Diabetes Mellitus, 22 Other Genetic Syndromes -- Associated with Diabetes, 23 Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, 23 Diagnosis of -- Gestational Diabetes, 24 Conclusions, 25 -- 4: Epidemiology of Metabolic Syndrome, D.J. Magliano, A. Cameron, -- J.E. Shaw and P.Z. Zimmet 31 -- Introduction, 31 What is Metabolic Syndrome?, 31 Historical Overview, 31 -- Etiology of Metabolic Syndrome, 32 Approaches to Defining Metabolic -- Syndrome, 33 Current Working Definitions of Metabolic Syndrome, 34 -- Metabolic Syndrome and Other Diseases, 38 All-cause Mortality, 39 -- Cardiovascular Disease, 39 Diabetes, 41 Risk Factors for Metabolic -- Syndrome, 41 Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome, 41 Prevalence of -- Metabolic Syndrome in Adults, 41 Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome -- in Children and Adolescents, 48 Genetics of Metabolic Syndrome, 48 -- Summary and Conclusion, 49 -- 5: Obesity and Diabetes, R. Huxley, A. Omari and I. Caterson 57 -- Introduction: Defining Obesity, 57 Epidemiological Trends in Obesity, 57 -- Obesity and Diabetes are Causally Linked, 59 Attributable Burden of Diabetes -- due to Excess Weight, 59 Age and Regional Variation in the Association -- between Obesity and Diabetes, 59 Central Obesity Versus BMI as a Predictor -- of Diabetes, 60 Physiological Mechanisms Mediating Excess Weight with -- Diabetes, 61 Other Key Risk Factors for Obesity and Diabetes, 62 Impact of -- Social Class on Obesity, 62 Early Life Environment and the?Programming? -- Hypothesis, 64 The Increasing Global Burden of Diabetes and Obesity, 65 -- Global Burden of Diabetes, 66 Does Weight Loss Improve Diabetic -- Outcomes? Evidence from Randomized Trials, 67 -- 6: Methodology for Physical Activity Assessment, K.L. Storti, -- E.W. Gregg and A.M. Kriska 71 -- Introduction, 71 What Is Physical Activity?, 72 How Has Physical Activity -- Been Measured?, 72 Description of Some of the Popular Objective -- Approaches, 73 Subjective Measures, 75 An Example of a Comprehensive -- Physical Activity Survey, 77 Application of Physical Activity Assessment: -- Population and Outcome Considerations, 79 Concluding Remarks, 80 -- 7: Epidemiology of Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus: Etiology -- and Environmental Factors, J. Mann and M. Toeller 87 -- Introduction, 87 Carbohydrate and Dietary Fiber, 88 Dietary Fats, 89 -- Protein, 90 Alcohol, 90 Other Dietary Factors and Smoking, 91 Physical -- Inactivity, 91 Potential for Intervention, 91 Conclusions, 92 -- 8: Genetic Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes, L. Groop, V. Lyssenko, C. Ling -- and M. Orho-Melander 95 -- Introduction, 95 Genetic Risk, 95 Evidence that Type 2 Diabetes is Inherited, -- 96 Thrifty Genotypes or Phenotypes?, 96 Prediction of Future Type 2 -- Diabetes, 97 Genetic Variability, 97 Mapping Genetic Variability, 98 -- Linkage, 98 Calpain 10 and Type 2 Diabetes, 99 Association Studies and -- Candidate Genes for Type 2 Diabetes, 99 PPARG, 100 KCNJ 11, 100 TCF -- 7 L 2, 101 WFS 1, 101 Common Variants in MODY Genes, 102 Genetic -- Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes, 103 Why Is It Difficult to Replicate a Finding -- of an Association with a Complex Disease?, 104 Why Do Not Linkage -- Studies Detect All Associations?, 105 Whole-genome Association -- Studies, 105 Genetic Influences on Age-related Decline in Mitochondrial -- Dysfunction, 106 Gene?Environment Interactions, 107 Pharmacogenetics, -- 107 Future Directions, 107 -- 9: Epidemiologic Aspects of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Europe, -- H. Keen 111 -- Introduction, 111 A Diabetes Epidemic?, 111 Changing Patterns, 111 The -- Impact of Revised Diagnostic Criteria on Epidemiological Estimates, 112 -- Changing Diabetes Prevalence in Europe, 112 Europe in the Global Context: -- The IDF Analysis, 113 Individual Countries of Europe, 114 Diabetes in -- Ethnic Minorities in Europe, 115 T2DM in Children in Europe, 115 Genetic -- and Epigenetic Aspects of Diabetes Epidemiology, 116 Conclusion, 117 -- 10: The Burden of Diabetes and its Complications in the Middle East -- and Eastern Mediterranean Region, I.M. El-Kebbi and -- M.M. Engelgau 121 -- Introduction, 121 Type 1 Diabetes, 121 Type 2 Diabetes, 123 Risk Factors -- for Diabetes in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean Region, 126 Adult -- Obesity, 126 Childhood Obesity, 127 Complications of Diabetes, 127 -- Diabetes Prevention, 128 Diabetes Surveillance, 128 Conclusions, 128 -- 11: Epidemiology of Diabetes in Africa, A.A. Motala, M.A.K. Omar -- and F.J. Pirie 133 -- Introduction, 133 Prevalence of Diabetes, 134 Early Studies, 134 Based on -- 1980/1985 WHO Criteria, 135 Based on 1997 ADA and 1998 WHO Criteria, -- 135 The 1997 ADA versus 1985 WHO Diagnostic Criteria, 135 Intermediate -- Categories of Abnormal Glucose Tolerance/Glycemia; Total Glucose -- Intolerance (TGI), 135 Based on 1985 WHO Criteria, 135 Based on 1997 -- ADA Criteria and 1998 WHO Criteria, 138 Urban?Rural Differences, 139 -- Ethnic Differences and the Effect of Migration, 139 Prevalence of Known -- Diabetes, 140 Gender Distribution, 140 Impact of Age, 140 Measures of -- Adiposity: Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference; Waist:Hip Ratio -- (WHR), 142 Family History, 143 Physical Activity, 143 Is the Prevalence -- of Diabetes Increasing in Africa?, 143 Other Biochemical Variables, 143 -- Longitudinal Studies, 143 Other Factors, 143 Complications, 143 Mortality -- and Acute Complications, 143 Chronic Complications, 144 Costs of -- Diabetes Care, 144 Future Trends, 144 -- 12: Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus in Latin America, L.J. Franco -- and S.R.G. Ferreira 147 -- Introduction, 147 Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes in Latin America, 147 -- Argentina, 148 Brazil, 148 Chile, 149 Colombia, 149 Mexico, 149 -- Paraguay, 149 Peru, 150 Puerto Rico, 150 Other Countries in Latin -- America, 150 Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes in Latin America, 150 -- Argentina, 150 Bolivia, 153 Brazil, 153 Chile, 155 Colombia, 155 -- Mexico, 156 Paraguay, 156 Peru, 157 Other Countries in Central and -- South America, 157 Mortality by Diabetes, 157 Diabetic Complications, 158 -- Conclusion, 159 -- 13: Diabetes in the Caribbean an Epidemiological Review!, E. Morrison -- and D. , Ragoobirsingh 163 -- Introduction, 163 Some Related Health Issues, 164 Diabetes and Obesity, -- 166 Atypical Diabetes, 168 The Burden of Diabetes Mellitus in the -- Caribbean, 168 Acknowledgments, 168 -- 14: Japan, N. Tajima 171 -- Introduction, 171 Incidence and Prevalence Study, 171 Type 1 Diabetes, 171 -- Type 2 Diabetes, 172 Mortality Study, 174 Type 1 Diabetes, 174 Type 2 -- Diabetes, 175 -- 15: Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese, J.C.N. Chan and -- C.S. Cockram 179 -- Introduction, 179 Socioeconomic Impact of Diabetes, 179 Prevalence of -- Hyperglycemia and Type 2 Diabetes, 180 Diagnosis of Hyperglycemia in -- Chinese Populations, 180 Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, 182 Childhood -- Obesity and Diabetes, 183 Type 1 Diabetes, 184 Type 2 Diabetes and -- MetS, 185 Definition of Obesity, 185 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes and -- MetS, 186 Phenotypic Heterogeneity of Diabetes, 188 Diabetic -- Complications, 190 Pattern of Macrovascular Complications, 190 Pattern of -- Microvascular Complications, 190 Diabetic Kidney Disease, 191 From -- Epidemiology to Prevention, 194 Conclusion, 196 -- 16: Epidemiology of Diabetes in South East Asia, A. Ramachandran -- and C. Snehalatha 207 -- Diabetes: Burden, Global Prevalence and Projections, 207 Scenario in South -- East Asia, 207 Rising Prevalence of Diabetes in the Indian Subcontinent, 208 -- Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Impaired Fasting Glucose, 211 Genetic -- Factors, 211 Acquired Risk Factors, 212 Age, 212 Family History of -- Diabetes, 212 Environmental Risk Factors, 213 Obesity and Central -- Adiposity, 213 Physical Inactivity and Sedentary Occupation, 213 -- Urbanization, 213 Gestational.

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0470017279

Sprache: Englisch

Schlagwort(e): Electronic books. ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books.

DOI: 10.1002/9780470779750

URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9780470779750

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