UID:
almahu_9948197257702882
Format:
1 online resource (xx, 567 pages) :
,
illustrations
ISBN:
9780470740644
,
0470740647
,
9780470740576
,
0470740574
,
9780470740651
,
0470740655
Content:
This text presents the state-of-the-art in visual media coding and transmission. The authors provide information that will be essential for the future study and development of visual media communications technologies.
Note:
-- /VISNET II Researchers xiii -- Preface xv -- Glossary of Abbreviations xvii -- 1 Introduction 1 -- 2 Video Coding Principles 7 -- 2.1 Introduction 7 -- 2.2 Redundancy in Video Signals 7 -- 2.3 Fundamentals of Video Compression 8 -- 2.3.1 Video Signal Representation and Picture Structure 8 -- 2.3.2 Removing Spatial Redundancy 9 -- 2.3.3 Removing Temporal Redundancy 14 -- 2.3.4 Basic Video Codec Structure 16 -- 2.4 Advanced Video Compression Techniques 17 -- 2.4.1 Frame Types 17 -- 2.4.2 MC Accuracy 19 -- 2.4.3 MB Mode Selection 20 -- 2.4.4 Integer Transform 21 -- 2.4.5 Intra Prediction 22 -- 2.4.6 Deblocking Filters 22 -- 2.4.7 Multiple Reference Frames and Hierarchical Coding 24 -- 2.4.8 Error-Robust Video Coding 24 -- 2.5 Video Codec Standards 28 -- 2.5.1 Standardization Bodies 28 -- 2.5.2 ITU Standards 29 -- 2.5.3 MPEG Standards 29 -- 2.5.4 H.264/MPEG-4 AVC 31 -- 2.6 Assessment of Video Quality 31 -- 2.6.1 Subjective Performance Evaluation 31 -- 2.6.2 Objective Performance Evaluation 32 -- 2.7 Conclusions 35 -- References 36 -- 3 Scalable Video Coding 39 -- 3.1 Introduction 39 -- 3.1.1 Applications and Scenarios 40 -- 3.2 Overview of the State of the Art 41 -- 3.2.1 Scalable Coding Techniques 42 -- 3.2.2 Multiple Description Coding 45 -- 3.2.3 Stereoscopic 3D Video Coding 47 -- 3.3 Scalable Video Coding Techniques 48 -- 3.3.1 Scalable Coding for Shape, Texture, and Depth for 3D Video 48 -- 3.3.2 3D Wavelet Coding 68 -- 3.4 Error Robustness for Scalable Video and Image Coding 74 -- 3.4.1 Correlated Frames for Error Robustness 74 -- 3.4.2 Odd / Even Frame Multiple Description Coding for Scalable H.264/AVC 82 -- 3.4.3 Wireless JPEG 2000: JPWL 91 -- 3.4.4 JPWL Simulation Results 94 -- 3.4.5 Towards a Theoretical Approach for Optimal Unequal Error Protection 96 -- 3.5 Conclusions 98 -- References 99 -- 4 Distributed Video Coding 105 -- 4.1 Introduction 105 -- 4.1.1 The Video Codec Complexity Balance 106 -- 4.2 Distributed Source Coding 109 -- 4.2.1 The Slepian / Wolf Theorem 109.
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4.2.2 The Wyner / Ziv Theorem 110 -- 4.2.3 DVC Codec Architecture 111 -- 4.2.4 Input Bitstream Preparation / Quantization and Bit Plane Extraction 112 -- 4.2.5 Turbo Encoder 112 -- 4.2.6 Parity Bit Puncturer 114 -- 4.2.7 Side Information 114 -- 4.2.8 Turbo Decoder 115 -- 4.2.9 Reconstruction: Inverse Quantization 116 -- 4.2.10 Key Frame Coding 117 -- 4.3 Stopping Criteria for a Feedback Channel-based Transform Domain Wyner / Ziv Video Codec 118 -- 4.3.1 Proposed Technical Solution 118 -- 4.3.2 Performance Evaluation 120 -- 4.4 Rate-distortion Analysis of Motion-compensated Interpolation at the Decoder in Distributed Video Coding 122 -- 4.4.1 Proposed Technical Solution 122 -- 4.4.2 Performance Evaluation 126 -- 4.5 Nonlinear Quantization Technique for Distributed Video Coding 129 -- 4.5.1 Proposed Technical Solution 129 -- 4.5.2 Performance Evaluation 132 -- 4.6 Symmetric Distributed Coding of Stereo Video Sequences 134 -- 4.6.1 Proposed Technical Solution 134 -- 4.6.2 Performance Evaluation 137 -- 4.7 Studying Error-resilience Performance for a Feedback Channel-based Transform Domain Wyner / Ziv Video Codec 139 -- 4.7.1 Proposed Technical Solution 139 -- 4.7.2 Performance Evaluation 140 -- 4.8 Modeling the DVC Decoder for Error-prone Wireless Channels 144 -- 4.8.1 Proposed Technical Solution 145 -- 4.8.2 Performance Evaluation 149 -- 4.9 Error Concealment Using a DVC Approach for Video Streaming Applications 151 -- 4.9.1 Proposed Technical Solution 152 -- 4.9.2 Performance Evaluation 155 -- 4.10 Conclusions 158 -- References 159 -- 5 Non-normative Video Coding Tools 161 -- 5.1 Introduction 161 -- 5.2 Overview of the State of the Art 162 -- 5.2.1 Rate Control 162 -- 5.2.2 Error Resilience 164 -- 5.3 Rate Control Architecture for Joint MVS Encoding and Transcoding 165 -- 5.3.1 Problem Definition and Objectives 165 -- 5.3.2 Proposed Technical Solution 166 -- 5.3.3 Performance Evaluation 169 -- 5.3.4 Conclusions 171 -- 5.4 Bit Allocation and Buffer Control for MVS Encoding Rate Control 171.
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5.4.1 Problem Definition and Objectives 171 -- 5.4.2 Proposed Technical Approach 172 -- 5.4.3 Performance Evaluation 177 -- 5.4.4 Conclusions 179 -- 5.5 Optimal Rate Allocation for H.264/AVC Joint MVS Transcoding 179 -- 5.5.1 Problem Definition and Objectives 179 -- 5.5.2 Proposed Technical Solution 180 -- 5.5.3 Performance Evaluation 181 -- 5.5.4 Conclusions 182 -- 5.6 Spatio-temporal Scene-level Error Concealment for Segmented Video 182 -- 5.6.1 Problem Definition and Objectives 182 -- 5.6.2 Proposed Technical Solution 183 -- 5.6.3 Performance Evaluation 187 -- 5.6.4 Conclusions 188 -- 5.7 An Integrated Error-resilient Object-based Video Coding Architecture 189 -- 5.7.1 Problem Definition and Objectives 189 -- 5.7.2 Proposed Technical Solution 189 -- 5.7.3 Performance Evaluation 195 -- 5.7.4 Conclusions 195 -- 5.8 A Robust FMO Scheme for H.264/AVC Video Transcoding 195 -- 5.8.1 Problem Definition and Objectives 195 -- 5.8.2 Proposed Technical Solution 195 -- 5.8.3 Performance Evaluation 197 -- 5.8.4 Conclusions 198 -- 5.9 Conclusions 199 -- References 199 -- 6 Transform-based Multi-view Video Coding 203 -- 6.1 Introduction 203 -- 6.2 MVC Encoder Complexity Reduction using a Multi-grid Pyramidal Approach 205 -- 6.2.1 Problem Definition and Objectives 205 -- 6.2.2 Proposed Technical Solution 205 -- 6.2.3 Conclusions and Further Work 208 -- 6.3 Inter-view Prediction using Reconstructed Disparity Information 208 -- 6.3.1 Problem Definition and Objectives 208 -- 6.3.2 Proposed Technical Solution 208 -- 6.3.3 Performance Evaluation 210 -- 6.3.4 Conclusions and Further Work 211 -- 6.4 Multi-view Coding via Virtual View Generation 212 -- 6.4.1 Problem Definition and Objectives 212 -- 6.4.2 Proposed Technical Solution 212 -- 6.4.3 Performance Evaluation 215 -- 6.4.4 Conclusions and Further Work 216 -- 6.5 Low-delay Random View Access in Multi-view Coding Using a Bit Rate-adaptive Downsampling Approach 216 -- 6.5.1 Problem Definition and Objectives 216 -- 6.5.2 Proposed Technical Solution 216.
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6.5.3 Performance Evaluation 219 -- 6.5.4 Conclusions and Further Work 222 -- References 222 -- 7 Introduction to Multimedia Communications 225 -- 7.1 Introduction 225 -- 7.2 State of the Art: Wireless Multimedia Communications 228 -- 7.2.1 QoS in Wireless Networks 228 -- 7.2.2 Constraints on Wireless Multimedia Communications 231 -- 7.2.3 Multimedia Compression Technologies 234 -- 7.2.4 Multimedia Transmission Issues in Wireless Networks 235 -- 7.2.5 Resource Management Strategy in Wireless Multimedia Communications 239 -- 7.3 Conclusions 244 -- References 244 -- 8 Wireless Channel Models 247 -- 8.1 Introduction 247 -- 8.2 GPRS/EGPRS Channel Simulator 247 -- 8.2.1 GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) 247 -- 8.2.2 GPRS Physical Link Layer Model Description 250 -- 8.2.3 EGPRS Physical Link Layer Model Description 252 -- 8.2.4 GPRS Physical Link Layer Simulator 256 -- 8.2.5 EGPRS Physical Link Layer Simulator 261 -- 8.2.6 E/GPRS Radio Interface Data Flow Model 268 -- 8.2.7 Real-time GERAN Emulator 270 -- 8.2.8 Conclusion 271 -- 8.3 UMTS Channel Simulator 272 -- 8.3.1 UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) 272 -- 8.3.2 UMTS Physical Link Layer Model Description 279 -- 8.3.3 Model Verification for Forward Link 290 -- 8.3.4 UMTS Physical Link Layer Simulator 298 -- 8.3.5 Performance Enhancement Techniques 307 -- 8.3.6 UMTS Radio Interface Data Flow Model 309 -- 8.3.7 Real-time UTRAN Emulator 312 -- 8.3.8 Conclusion 313 -- 8.4 WiMAX IEEE 802.16e Modeling 316 -- 8.4.1 Introduction 316 -- 8.4.2 WIMAX System Description 317 -- 8.4.3 Physical Layer Simulation Results and Analysis 323 -- 8.4.4 Error Pattern Files Generation 324 -- 8.5 Conclusions 328 -- 8.6 Appendix: Eb/No and DPCH_Ec/Io Calculation 329 -- References 330 -- 9 Enhancement Schemes for Multimedia Transmission over Wireless Networks 333 -- 9.1 Introduction 333 -- 9.1.1 3G Real-time Audiovisual Requirements 333 -- 9.1.2 Video Transmission over Mobile Communication Systems 335 -- 9.1.3 Circuit-switched Bearers 339.
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9.1.4 Packet-switched Bearers 348 -- 9.1.5 Video Communications over GPRS 350 -- 9.1.6 GPRS Traffic Capacity 351 -- 9.1.7 Error Performance 354 -- 9.1.8 Video Communications over EGPRS 357 -- 9.1.9 Traffic Characteristics 357 -- 9.1.10 Error Performance 358 -- 9.1.11 Voice Communication over Mobile Channels 359 -- 9.1.12 Support of Voice over UMTS Networks 360 -- 9.1.13 Error-free Performance 361 -- 9.1.14 Error-prone Performance 362 -- 9.1.15 Support of Voice over GPRS Networks 362 -- 9.1.16 Conclusion 363 -- 9.2 Link-level Quality Adaptation Techniques 365 -- 9.2.1 Performance Modeling 365 -- 9.2.2 Probability Calculation 367 -- 9.2.3 Distortion Modeling 368 -- 9.2.4 Propagation Loss Modeling 368 -- 9.2.5 Energy-optimized UEP Scheme 369 -- 9.2.6 Simulation Setup 370 -- 9.2.7 Performance Analysis 372 -- 9.2.8 Conclusion 373 -- 9.3 Link Adaptation for Video Services 373 -- 9.3.1 Time-varying Channel Model Design 374 -- 9.3.2 Link Adaptation for Real-time Video Communications 379 -- 9.3.3 Link Adaptation for Streaming Video Communications 389 -- 9.3.4 Link Adaptation for UMTS 396 -- 9.3.5 Conclusion 402 -- 9.4 User-centric Radio Resource Management in UTRAN 403 -- 9.4.1 Enhanced Call-admission Control Scheme 403 -- 9.4.2 Implementation of UTRAN System-level Simulator 403 -- 9.4.3 Performance Evaluation of Enhanced CAC Scheme 410 -- 9.5 Conclusions 411 -- References 413 -- 10 Quality Optimization for Cross-network Media Communications 417 -- 10.1 Introduction 417 -- 10.2 Generic Inter-networked QoS-optimization Infrastructure 418 -- 10.2.1 State of the Art 418 -- 10.2.2 Generic of QoS for Heterogeneous Networks 420 -- 10.3 Implementation of a QoS-optimized Inter-networked Emulator 422 -- 10.3.1 Emulation System Physical Link Layer Simulation 426 -- 10.3.2 Emulation System Transmitter/Receiver Unit 428 -- 10.3.3 QoS Mapping Architecture 428 -- 10.3.4 General User Interface 438 -- 10.4 Performances of Video Transmission in Inter-networked Systems 442 -- 10.4.1 Experimental Setup 442.
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10.4.2 Test for the EDGE System 443 -- 10.4.3 Test for the UMTS System 445 -- 10.4.4 Tests for the EDGE-to-UMTS System 445 -- 10.5 Conclusions 452 -- References 453 -- 11 Context-based Visual Media Content Adaptation 455 -- 11.1 Introduction 455 -- 11.2 Overview of the State of the Art in Context-aware Content Adaptation 457 -- 11.2.1 Recent Developments in Context-aware Systems 457 -- 11.2.2 Standardization Efforts on Contextual Information for Content Adaptation 467 -- 11.3 Other Standardization Efforts by the IETF and W3C 476 -- 11.4 Summary of Standardization Activities 479 -- 11.4.1 Integrating Digital Rights Management (DRM) with Adaptation 480 -- 11.4.2 Existing DRM Initiatives 480 -- 11.4.3 The New ''Adaptation Authorization'' Concept 481 -- 11.4.4 Adaptation Decision 482 -- 11.4.5 Context-based Content Adaptation 488 -- 11.5 Generation of Contextual Information and Profiling 492 -- 11.5.1 Types and Representations of Contextual Information 492 -- 11.5.2 Context Providers and Profiling 494 -- 11.5.3 User Privacy 497 -- 11.5.4 Generation of Contextual Information 498 -- 11.6 The Application Scenario for Context-based Adaptation of Governed Media Contents 499 -- 11.6.1 Virtual Classroom Application Scenario 500 -- 11.6.2 Mechanisms using Contextual Information in a Virtual Collaboration Application 502 -- 11.6.3 Ontologies in Context-aware Content Adaptation 503 -- 11.6.4 System Architecture of a Scalable Platform for Context-aware and DRM-enabled Content Adaptation 504 -- 11.6.5 Context Providers 507 -- 11.6.6 Adaptation Decision Engine 510 -- 11.6.7 Adaptation Authorization 514 -- 11.6.8 Adaptation Engines Stack 517 -- 11.6.9 Interfaces between Modules of the Content Adaptation Platform 544 -- 11.7 Conclusions 552 -- References 553 -- Index 559.
Additional Edition:
Print version: Kondoz, A.M. (Ahmet M.). Visual media coding and transmission. Chichester, U.K. : Wiley, 2009 ISBN 9780470740576
Additional Edition:
ISBN 0470740574
Language:
English
Keywords:
Electronic books.
DOI:
10.1002/9780470740644
URL:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9780470740644
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