UID:
almafu_9960117219302883
Umfang:
1 online resource (pages 1723-2456) :
,
digital, PDF file(s).
Ausgabe:
First edition.
ISBN:
9781316992975
,
1316992977
,
9781316990735
,
1316990737
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9781316958087
,
1316958086
Serie:
World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Reports
Inhalt:
The Dispute Settlement Reports of the World Trade Organization (WTO) include Panel and Appellate Body reports, as well as arbitration awards, in disputes concerning the rights and obligations of WTO members under the provisions of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization. These are the WTO authorized and paginated reports in English. An essential addition to the library of all practicing and academic trade lawyers and needed by students worldwide taking courses in international economic or trade law. DSR 2015: Volume 4 reports on United States - Certain Country of Origin Labelling (COOL) Requirements (Recourse to Article 21.5 of the DSU by Canada and Mexico) (WT/DS384, WT/DS386).
Anmerkung:
Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 29 Sep 2017).
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Cover -- Title page -- Half-title -- Copyright information -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- UNITED STATES - CERTAIN COUNTRY OF ORIGIN LABELLING (COOL) REQUIREMENTS -- Recourse to Article 21.5 of the DSU by Canada and Mexico (WT/DS384, WT/DS386) -- Reports of the Appellate Body -- ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THESE REPORTS -- PANEL EXHIBITS CITED IN THESE REPORTS -- CASES CITED IN THESE REPORTS -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. ARGUMENTS OF THE PARTICIPANTS AND THIRD PARTICIPANTS -- 2.1 Claims of Error by the United States - Appellant -- 2.1.1 Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.1.1.1 The increased recordkeeping burden entailed by the amended COOL measure -- 2.1.1.2 The accuracy of labels prescribed by the amended COOL measure -- 2.1.1.3 The exemptions under the amended COOL measure -- 2.1.2 Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.1.3 Articles III:4 and IX of the GATT 1994 -- 2.1.4 Article XX of the GATT 1994 -- 2.1.5 Article XXIII:1(b) of the GATT 1994 -- 2.2 Arguments of Canada - Appellee -- 2.2.1 Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.2.1.1 The increased recordkeeping burden entailed by the amended COOL measure -- 2.2.1.2 The accuracy of labels prescribed by the amended COOL measure -- 2.2.1.3 The exemptions under the amended COOL measure -- 2.2.2 Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.2.3 Articles III:4 and IX of the GATT 1994 -- 2.2.4 Article XX of the GATT 1994 -- 2.2.5 Article XXIII:1(b) of the GATT 1994 -- 2.3 Arguments of Mexico - Appellee -- 2.3.1 Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.3.1.1 The increased recordkeeping burden entailed by the amended COOL measure -- 2.3.1.2 The accuracy of labels prescribed by the amended COOL measure -- 2.3.1.3 The exemptions under the amended COOL measure -- 2.3.2 Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.3.3 Articles III:4 and IX of the GATT 1994 -- 2.3.4 Article XX of the GATT 1994 -- 2.3.5 Article XXIII:1(b) of the GATT 1994.
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2.4 Claims of Error by Canada - Other Appellant -- 2.4.1 Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.4.1.1 The Panel's analysis of Label D -- 2.4.1.2 The Panel's analysis of Label E -- 2.4.1.3 The prohibition of a trace-back system -- 2.4.2 Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.4.2.1 Introduction -- 2.4.2.2 The legal test under Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.4.2.3 The degree of contribution made by the amended COOL measure to its objective -- 2.4.2.4 The first and second proposed alternative measures -- 2.4.2.5 The third and fourth proposed alternative measures -- 2.4.3 Article XXIII:1(b) of the GATT 1994 -- 2.5 Claims of Error by Mexico - Other Appellant -- 2.5.1 Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.5.1.1 The Panel's analysis of Label E -- 2.5.2 Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.5.2.1 Introduction -- 2.5.2.2 The legal test under Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.5.2.3 The degree of contribution made by the amended COOL measure to its objective -- 2.5.2.4 The first and second proposed alternative measures -- 2.5.2.5 The third and fourth proposed alternative measures -- 2.5.3 Article XXIII:1(b) of the GATT 1994 -- 2.6 Arguments of the United States - Appellee -- 2.6.1 Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.6.1.1 The Panel's analysis of Label D -- 2.6.1.2 The Panel's analysis of Label E -- 2.6.1.3 The prohibition of a trace-back system -- 2.6.2 Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.6.2.1 Introduction -- 2.6.2.2 The legal test under Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 2.6.2.3 The degree of contribution made by the amended COOL measure to its objective -- 2.6.2.4 The first and second proposed alternative measures -- 2.6.2.5 The third and fourth proposed alternative measures -- 2.6.3 Article XXIII:1(b) of the GATT 1994 -- 2.7 Arguments of the Third Participants -- 2.7.1 Australia -- 2.7.2 Brazil -- 2.7.3 China -- 2.7.4 Colombia.
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2.7.5 European Union -- 2.7.6 Japan -- 2.7.7 Korea -- 2.7.8 New Zealand -- 3. ISSUES RAISED IN THIS APPEAL -- 4. BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW OF THE MEASURE AT ISSUE -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Overview of the Amended COOL Measure -- 4.3 Coverage of the Amended COOL Measure -- 4.4 Categories of Meat -- 4.5 Labelling Requirements -- 4.6 Flexibilities -- 5. ANALYSIS OF THE APPELLATE BODY -- 5.1 Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 5.1.1 Introduction -- 5.1.2 Claims of the United States under Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 5.1.2.1 Claims relating to the Panel's analysis of the recordkeeping burden entailed by the amended COOL measure -- 5.1.2.2 Claims relating to the Panel's analysis of the accuracy of the labels prescribed by the amended COOL measure -- 5.1.2.3 Claims relating to the exemptions prescribed by the amended COOL measure -- 5.1.3 Claims of Canada and Mexico under Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 5.1.3.1 Whether the Panel erred in its assessment of Label D under Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 5.1.3.2 Whether the Panel erred in its assessment of Label E under Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 5.1.3.3 Whether the Panel erred in its assessment of the amended COOL measure's prohibition of a trace-back system under Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 5.2 Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 5.2.1 Interpretation of Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 5.2.2 Claims of error with respect to the legal test for "more trade-restrictive than necessary" under Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 5.2.3 Claims of error with respect to the Panel's finding on the amended COOL measure's degree of contribution to its objective -- 5.2.4 Claims of error with respect to the Panel's interpretation and application of the phrase "taking account of the risks non-fulfilment would create" in Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement.
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5.2.4.1 The United States' claim that the Panel erred in its interpretation of the phrase "taking account of the risks non-fulfilment would create -- 5.2.4.2 Canada's and Mexico's claims that the Panel erred in the factors it took into account in assessing "the risks non-fulfilment would create -- 5.2.4.3 Claims of error with respect to the Panel's finding that Canada and Mexico failed to make a prima facie case that the first and second proposed alternative measures would make an equivalent degree of contribution to the amended COOL measure's objective -- 5.2.4.4 Claims of error with respect to the Panel's assessment of certain evidence and arguments in respect of consumer demand for origin information -- 5.2.4.5 Completion of the legal analysis with respect to the first and second proposed alternative measures -- 5.2.5 Claims of error with respect to the third and fourth proposed alternative measures -- 5.3 Article III:4 and Article IX of the GATT 1994 -- 5.3.1 The Panel's findings -- 5.3.2 Article IX of the GATT 1994 as relevant context for the interpretation of Article III:4 of the GATT 1994 -- 5.4 Article III:4 and Article XX of the GATT 1994 -- 5.4.1 Interim review section of the Panel Reports -- 5.4.2 The availability of an Article XX exception with respect to the amended COOL measure -- 5.5 Article XXIII:1(b) of the GATT 1994 -- 6. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS IN THE APPELLATE BODY REPORT WT/DS384/AB/RW -- ANNEX 1 -- ANNEX 2 -- ANNEX 3 -- ANNEX 4 -- ANNEX 5 -- ANNEX 6 -- Reports of the Panel -- LIST OF ANNEXES -- CASES CITED IN THESE REPORTS -- LIST OF EXHIBITS CITED IN THESE REPORTS -- CANADA -- MEXICO -- UNITED STATES -- ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THESE REPORTS -- LIST OF TABLES -- LIST OF FIGURES -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1 Complaints by Canada and Mexico -- 1.2 Panel Establishment and Composition -- 1.3 Panel Proceedings -- 1.3.1 General.
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1.3.2 Procedures for an open substantive meeting -- 1.3.3 Procedures to protect Business Confidential Information (BCI) -- 1.3.4 Procedures and Reports for DS384 and DS386 -- 1.3.5 Request for enhanced third-party rights -- 2. FACTUAL ASPECTS -- 2.1 Measure at Issue -- 2.2 Products at Issue -- 3. PARTIES' REQUESTS FOR FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 4. ARGUMENTS OF THE PARTIES -- 5. ARGUMENTS OF THE THIRD PARTIES -- 6. INTERIM REVIEW -- 7. FINDINGS -- 7.1 Claims -- 7.2 Order of Analysis -- 7.3 The Amended COOL Measure -- 7.3.1 Amended COOL Labels -- 7.3.1.1 Definition of origin -- 7.3.1.2 Information on labels -- 7.3.1.3 Methods of providing origin information -- 7.3.2 Coverage of the amended COOL measure -- 7.3.2.1 Products at issue -- 7.3.2.2 Exemptions -- 7.3.3 Flexibilities -- 7.3.3.1 Commingling flexibility removed -- 7.3.3.2 Country order flexibility removed -- 7.3.3.3 Amended multiple countries of raising flexibility -- 7.3.4 Label variations in light of the flexibilities -- 7.3.5 Unchanged recordkeeping and verification rules -- 7.4 Scope of the Compliance Dispute -- 7.5 Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 7.5.1 Legal test -- 7.5.2 Technical regulation -- 7.5.3 Likeness -- 7.5.4 Less favourable treatment -- 7.5.4.1 Detrimental impact -- 7.5.4.2 Legitimate regulatory distinctions -- 7.5.4.3 Conclusion on less favourable treatment -- 7.5.5 Conclusion on Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement -- 7.6 Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement -- 7.6.1 Legal test -- 7.6.1.1 Main factors -- 7.6.1.2 Whether Article 2.2 entails the two-step approach advanced by Mexico -- 7.6.1.3 Relative importance of interests or values furthered by the measure as an additional factor -- 7.6.2 The amended COOL measure's degree of contribution to a legitimate objective -- 7.6.2.1 The objective of the amended COOL measure -- 7.6.2.2 Legitimate objective.
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7.6.2.3 Degree of contribution.
Weitere Ausg.:
ISBN 9781107188389
Weitere Ausg.:
ISBN 1107188385
Sprache:
Englisch
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