UID:
almafu_9959327940102883
Format:
1 online resource
ISBN:
9781118659755
,
1118659759
,
9781118659847
,
1118659848
,
9781118659830
,
111865983X
,
1118659899
,
9781118659892
,
1118160061
,
9781118160060
,
9781299939400
,
1299939406
Content:
This technical book explores current and future applications of solar power as an unlimited source of energy that earth receives every day. Photosynthetic organisms have learned to utilize this abundant source of energy by converting it into high-energy biochemical compounds. Inspired by the efficient conversion of solar energy into an electron flow, attempts have been made to construct artificial photosynthetic systems capable of establishing a charge separation state for generating electricity or driving chemical reactions. Another important aspect of photosynthesis is the CO2 fixation and the production of high energy compounds. Photosynthesis can produce biomass using solar energy while reducing the CO2 level in air. Biomass can be converted into biofuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol. Under certain conditions, photosynthetic organisms can also produce hydrogen gas which is one of the cleanest sources of energy.
Note:
Introduction /
,
Sun /
,
Light /
,
Thermodynamics /
,
Photovoltaics /
,
Photosynthesis /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Importance of Photosynthesis: Why Study Photosynthesis? /
,
Oxygenic Versus Anoxygenic Photosynthesis /
,
What Can We Learn from Natural Photosynthesis to Achieve Artificial Photosynthesis? /
,
Atomic Level Structures of Photosynthetic Systems /
,
Scope of the Chapter /
,
Path of Energy: From Photons to Charge Separation /
,
Overview: Harvesting Sunlight for Redox Chemistry /
,
Light absorption and Light-Harvesting Antennas /
,
Excitation Energy Transfer: Coherent Versus Incoherent or Wavelike Versus Hopping /
,
Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives for Artificial Photosynthesis /
,
Electron Transfer Pathways /
,
Overview of the Primary Photochemistry and the Electron Transfer Chain /
,
Components Associated with P680 and P700 and the Entry into the Electron Transfer Chain /
,
Photosystem II: Function and Electron Transfer Pathway /
,
Photosystem I: Function and the Electron Transfer Pathways /
,
Intersystem Electron Transfer /
,
Water as a Source of Electrons for the Photosynthetic Electron Transfer Chain /
,
Can the Rate Limitation of O2 Production by Photosystem II Be Improved in Future Artificial Water-Splitting Systems? /
,
Photophosphorylation /
,
Overview /
,
Mechanism of ATP Synthesis /
,
Concluding Remarks /
,
Carbon Dioxide to Organic Compounds /
,
Overview of Carbon Dioxide Assimilation Systems in Oxygenic Organisms /
,
C3 Pathway Versus C4 Pathway /
,
C3 versus C4 Plants During Glacial/Interglacial Periods /
,
Concluding Remarks: Can the Natural Assimilation Pathways Be Improved to Help Solve the Energy Crisis? /
,
Evolution of Oxygenic Photosynthesis /
,
Overview /
,
Two Photosystems for Oxygenic Photosynthesis /
,
Evolutionary Acclimation to Decreasing CO2 Availability /
,
Some Interesting Questions about Whole Plants /
,
Overview /
,
Why Are There Grana in Land Plants but Not in Algae? /
,
Why Are Leaves Darker on the Upper Side than on the Lower Side? /
,
How Much Do Different Layers in the Leaf Contribute to Photosynthesis? /
,
How Does Photosynthesis Interact with Climate-Atmosphere? /
,
Is There Photosynthesis Without CO2 Assimilation (N2 Fixation in Cyanobacteria, Light-Dependent N3- Assimilation in Land Plants)? /
,
How Can Animals Carry Out Photosynthesis? /
,
Perspectives for the Future /
,
Summary /
,
Acknowledgments /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Overall Reaction Pattern of Photosynthesis and Respiration /
,
Bioenergetic Limit of Solar Energy Exploitation: Water Splitting /
,
Humankind's Dream of Using Water and Solar Radiation as "Clean Fuel" /
,
Nature's Blueprint of Light-Induced Water Splitting /
,
Types of Approaches in Performing Light-Driven H2 and O2 Formation from Water /
,
Use of Photosynthetic Organisms /
,
Hybrid Systems /
,
Synthetic Systems /
,
Oxidative Water Splitting into O2 and 4H+ /
,
Synthetic WOCs /
,
Light-Induced Water Splitting in Photosystem II /
,
Light-Induced "Stable" Charge Separation /
,
Energetics of Light-Induced Charge Separation /
,
Oxidative Water Splitting: The Kok Cycle /
,
Yz Oxidation by P680 + [" /
,
Structure and Function of the WOC /
,
Structure of the Catalytic Mn-Ca Cluster and its Coordination Sphere /
,
Electronic Configuration and Nuclear Geometry in the Si States of the Catalytic Site /
,
Kinetics of Oxidative Water Splitting in the WOC /
,
Substrate/Product Pathways /
,
Mechanism of Oxidative Water Splitting /
,
Concluding Remarks /
,
Acknowledgments /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Organic Pigment Assemblies on Electrodes /
,
Photosystem Assemblies on Electrodes /
,
Hydrogen Production by Photosystem I Hybrid Systems /
,
Mimicking Water Oxidation with Manganese Complexes /
,
Protein Design for Introducing Manganese Chemistry in Proteins /
,
Protein Design and Photoactive Proteins with Chl Derivatives /
,
Conclusion 133 /
,
Acknowledgment /
,
References /
,
Ruthenium(II) /
,
Ligand Influence on the Photochemistry of Ru(II) /
,
Importance of Polypyridyl Ligands and Metal Ion for Tuning of MLCT Transitions /
,
Electron Transfer of Ru(II) Complexes /
,
Light-Harvesting Complexes Using Ru(II) Complexes /
,
Ru(II) Artificial Photosystem Models for Photosystem II /
,
Ru (II) Artificial Photosystem Models for Hydrogenase /
,
Conclusion /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Microbiology /
,
Biochemistry of CO2 Fixation /
,
CO2 Assimilation and Concentrating Mechanisms in Algae /
,
Carbon-Concentrating Mechanisms (CCMs) /
,
Parameters Affecting the CO2 Sequestration Process /
,
Selection of Algal Species /
,
Effect of Flue Gas Component /
,
Effect of Physiochemical Parameters /
,
Issues of Product Inhibition /
,
Hydrogen Production by Cyanobacteria /
,
Mechanism of Hydrogen Production /
,
Mode of Hydrogen Production /
,
Hydrogenase Versus Nitrogenase-Based Hydrogen Production /
,
Factors Affecting Hydrogen Production in Cyanobacteria /
,
Recent Advances in the Field of Hydrogen Production Using Cyanobacteria /
,
Mechanisms of H2 Production in Green Algae /
,
Light Fermentation /
,
Dark Fermentation /
,
Use of Chemicals /
,
Sulfur Deprivation /
,
Control of Sulfur Quantity /
,
Immobilization /
,
Molecular Approach /
,
Recent Trends in the Field of Hydrogen Production by Green Algae /
,
Photobioreactors /
,
Vertical Tubular Photobioreactor /
,
Horizontal Tubular Photobioreactor /
,
Helical Tubular Photobioreactor /
,
Flat Panel Photobioreactor /
,
Stirred Tank Photobioreactor /
,
Hybrid Photobioreactor /
,
Conclusion /
,
Acknowledgments /
,
References /
,
Carbon Sequestration by Biomass /
,
Introduction to Cyanobacteria /
,
CO2 Uptake Efficiency of Cyanobacteria /
,
Mitigation of Costs Through Captured-Carbon Products /
,
Captured-Carbon Products from Engineered Cyanobacteria /
,
Isobutyraldehyde /
,
Isobutanol /
,
Fatty Acids /
,
Hydrocarbons /
,
1-Butanol /
,
Isoprene /
,
Hydrogen /
,
Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate /
,
Indirect Production Technology /
,
Conclusion /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Hydrogenase Engineering /
,
Metabolic Reprograming /
,
Light Capture Improvement /
,
Acknowledgments /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Advantages of Algae /
,
Algal Strains and Biofuel Production /
,
Algal Biofuels /
,
Complete Cell Biomass /
,
Lipids /
,
Biodiesel /
,
Advantages of Biodiesel from Algae Oil /
,
Hydrocarbons /
,
Hydrogen /
,
Ethanol /
,
Unique Products /
,
Algal Cultivation for Biofuel Production /
,
Carbon Dioxide Capture /
,
Light /
,
Nutrient Removal /
,
Temperature /
,
Biomass Harvesting /
,
Photobioreactors Employed for Algal Biofuels /
,
Tubular Photobioreactors /
,
Flat Panel Photobioreactors /
,
Offshore Membrane Enclosure for Growing Algae (OMEGA) /
,
Recent Achievements in Algal Biofuels /
,
Strategies for Enhancement of Algal Biofuel Production /
,
Biorefinery: The High-Value Coproduct Strategy /
,
Exploration of Growth Conditions and Nutrients /
,
Design of Advanced Photobioreactors /
,
Biotechnological Tools /
,
Cost-Effective Technologies for Biomass Harvesting and Drying /
,
Conclusion /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Hydrogen Production by Algae /
,
Hydrogenase Enzyme /
,
Diversity of Hydrogen-Producing Algae /
,
Model Microalgae for H2 Production Studies: Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii /
,
Approaches for Enhancing Hydrogen Production /
,
Immobilization Processes /
,
Increasing the Resistance of Algal Cells to Stress Conditions /
,
Optimization of Bioreactor Conditions /
,
Integrated Photosynthetic Systems /
,
Genetic Engineering Approaches to Improve Photosynthetic Efficiency /
,
Metabolic Pathways of H2 Production /
,
Conclusion /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Design of Photobioreactors /
,
Limitations to Productivity of Microalgal Cultures /
,
Actual Productivities of Microalgal Cultures /
,
Distribution of Light in Photobioreactors /
,
Gas Exchange in Photobioreactors /
,
Shear Stress in Photobioreactors /
,
Current Trends in Photobioreactor Development /
,
Acknowledgment /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Relevant Issues for Design and Operation of Systems for Microalgal Cultures /
,
Stoichiometry of Microalgal Growth /
,
Microalgal Kinetics /
,
Mass Balance /
,
Energy Balance /
,
Basic System Design of Microalgal Cultivation /
,
Gas-Liquid Mass Transport /
,
Mixing /
,
Open Systems /
,
Typologies /
,
Mass Balances /
,
Energy Balance /
,
Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer /
,
Closed Systems: Photobioreactors /
,
Photobioreactor Typologies /
,
Mass Balances /
,
Energy Balance /
,
Cultivation System Design /
,
Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer /
,
Novel Photobioreactor Configurations /
,
Case Study: Intensive Production of Bio-Oil /
,
Assessment of Maximum Productivity /
,
Economic Assessment /
,
Acknowledgments /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Biofuel Supply, Demand, Production, and New Feedstocks /
,
Feasibility of Photosynthetic Fuel Production /
,
Biodiesel Production and Feedstocks /
,
Macroalgae Biofuel Feedstocks and Production /
,
Conclusion /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Technology Selection and Process Design /
,
Design Basis /
,
Strain Selection /
,
Technology Selection /
,
Process Design /
,
Economic Analysis /
,
Capital Cost Estimates /
,
Major Equipment Cost (MEC) /
,
Fixed Capital Investments and Working Capital /
,
Operating Cost Estimates /
,
Cost of Ethanol Production /
,
Overall Production Cost /
,
Profitability /
,
Reduction of Overall Production Cost /
,
Conclusion /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Microalgae Cultivation Systems /
,
Outdoor Open Systems /
,
Outdoor Enclosed Systems /
,
Fermenter-Type Reactors /
,
Lipids /
,
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids /
,
Carotenoids /
,
Carbohydrates /
,
Polysaccharides /
,
Protein /
,
Phycobiliproteins /
,
Process Integration /
,
Conclusion /
,
References /
,
Introduction /
,
Nature of Lignocellulosic Biomass /
,
Cellulose /
,
Hemicellulose /
,
Lignin /
,
Feedstocks for Biomass Processing /
,
Agricultural Residues /
,
Forest Residues /
,
Production of Fermentable Sugars from Biomass /
,
Pretreatment of Biomass /
,
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose /
,
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Hemicellulose /
,
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Pretreated Biomass by Industrial Cellulase Mixtures /
,
Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass to Fuels and Chemicals /
,
Gasification /
,
Pyrolysis /
,
Liquefaction /
,
Fuels and Chemicals from Biomass /
,
Conclusion /
,
References /
Additional Edition:
Print version: Razeghifard, Reza, 1964- editor of compilation. Natural and artificial photosynthesis. Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley and Sons, Inc., [2013] ISBN 9781118160060
Language:
English
Keywords:
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;
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Electronic books.
URL:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118659892
URL:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118659892
URL:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118659892
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