Umfang:
Online-Ressource
,
v.: digital
Ausgabe:
Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Biomedical and Life Sciences
ISBN:
9781441911315
Serie:
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 655
Inhalt:
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology is a unique compilation of reviews addressing frontiers in biologicals as a rich source for innovative medicines. This book fulfills the needs of a broad community of scientists interested in biologicals from diverse perspectives-basic research, biotechnology, protein engineering, protein delivery, medicines, pharmaceuticals and vaccinology. The diverse topics range from advanced biotechnologies aimed to introduce novel, potent engineered vaccines of unprecedented efficacy and safety for a wide scope of human diseases to natural products, small peptides and polypeptides engineered for discrete prophylaxis and therapeutic purposes. Modern biologicals promise to dramatically expand the scope of preventive medicine beyond the infectious disease arena into broad applications in immune and cancer treatment, as exemplified by anti-EGFR receptors antibodies for the treatment of breast cancer. The exponential growth in biologicals such as engineered proteins and vaccines has been boosted by unprecedented scientific breakthroughs made in the past decades culminating in an in-depth fundamental understanding of the scientific underpinnings of immune mechanisms together with knowledge of protein and peptide scaffolds that can be deliberately manipulated. This has in turn led to new strategies and processes. Deciphering the human, mammalian and numerous pathogens` genomes provides opportunities that never before have been available-identification of discrete antigens (genomes and antigenomes) that lend themselves to considerably improved antigens and monoclonal antibodies, which with more sophisticated engineered adjuvants and agonists of pattern recognition receptors present in immune cells, deliver unprecedented safety and efficacy. Technological development such a nanobiotechnologies (dendrimers, nanobodies and fullerenes), biological particles (viral-like particles and bacterial ghosts) and innovative vectors (replication-competent attenuated, replication-incompetent recombinant and defective helper-dependent vectors) fulfill a broad range of cutting-edge research, drug discovery and delivery applications. Most recent examples of breakthrough biologicals include the human papilloma virus vaccine (HPV, prevention of women genital cancer) and the multivalent Pneumoccocal vaccines, which has virtually eradicated in some populations a most prevalent bacterial ear infection (i.e., otitis media). It is expected that in the years to come similar success will be obtained in the development of vaccines for diseases which still represent major threats for human health, such as AIDS, as well as for the generation of improved vaccines against diseases like pandemic flu for which vaccines are currently available. Furthermore, advances in comparative immunology and innate immunity revealed opportunities for innovative strategies for ever smaller biologicals and vaccines derived from species such as llama and sharks, which carry tremendous potential for innovative biologicals already in development stages in many pharmaceutical companies. Such recent discoveries and knowledge exploitations hold the promise for breakthrough biologicals, with the coming decade. Finally, this book caters to individuals not directly engaged in the pharmaceutical drug discovery process via a chapter outlining discovery, preclinical development, clinical development and translational medicine issues that are critical the drug development process. The authors and editors hope that this compilation of reviews will help readers rapidly and completely update knowledge and understanding of the frontiers in pharmaceutical biotechnologies. TOC:Translational Medicine-a Paradigm Shift in Modern Drug Discoveryand Development: The Role of Biomarkers.- Natural Products in Drug Discovery: Present Status and Perspectives.- Protein Pharmaceuticals: Discovery and Preclinical Development.- The Role of Nanobiotechnology in drug discovery.- Conotoxin Venom Peptide Therapeutics.- Shark novel antigen receptors-the next generation of biologic therapeutics?.- Immune Interventions of Human Diseases through Toll-Like Receptors.- Genome-Based Vaccine Development: A Short Cut for the Future.- The Antigenome: From Protein Subunit Vaccines to Antibody Treatments of Bacterial Infections?.- HSV as a vector in vaccine development and gene therapy.- Virus-Like Particles as a Vaccine Delivery System: Myths and Facts.- Applications of Bacterial Ghosts in Biomedicine.- Immune Modulators with Defined Molecular Targets: Cornerstone to Optimize Rational Vaccine Design.- Innovative Approaches to Develop Prophylactic and Therapeutic Vaccines against HIV/AIDS.- New Strategies to Overcome the Drawba cks of Currently Available Flu Vaccines.
Anmerkung:
Description based upon print version of record
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CONTENTS; 1. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE - A PARADIGM SHIFT IN MODERN DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLE OF BIOMARKERS; Abstract; Drug Targets-Historical Perspectives; Translational Medicine: Definition; Biomarkers-Utilitarian Classification; Natural Products Under Development; Principles of Target Selection; Class A-Disease Specific; Class B - Target Present Physiologically but in a Non-Active Form, but Is Activated and Contributes to the Disease; Class C - Target Functions Physiologically but at Augmented, Uncontrolled Fashion That Contributes to the Disease
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Class D-Target Maintains Physiological Functions in Normaland Disease StatesConclusion; 2. NATURAL PRODUCTS IN DRUG DISCOVERY: PRESENT STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES; Abstract; Introduction; Drug Discovery Evolution; Natural Products Properties; The Urgent Need for New Drugs; From Microbial Diversity to Drug Discovery; Microbial Sources; Microbial Extracts; Chemical Screening; Biological Screening; Production, Purification and Characterization of a New Natural Product; Metagenomics for Drug Discovery; New Strategies in Fighting Infectious Diseases; Conclusion
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3. PROTEIN PHARMACEUTICALS: DISCOVERY AND PRECLINICAL DEVELOPMENTAbstract; Introduction; Protein Drug Discovery; Novel Agents; Challenges and Opportunities; Next Generation Proteins; Conclusion; 4. THE ROLE OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY IN DRUG DISCOVERY; Abstract; Introduction; Role of Nanoparticles in Drug Discovery; Role of Nanoproteomics in Drug Discovery; Atomic Force Microscopy for Drug Discovery; Role of Nanoscale Biosensors in Drug Discovery; Nanofluidics, Nanoarrays and Nanobiochips; Nanomaterials as Drug Candidates; Nanobiotechnology and Drug Discovery for Personalized Medicine; Conclusion
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5. CONOTOXIN VENOM PEPTIDE THERAPEUTICSAbstract; Introduction; Calcium Channel Inhibitors; Sodium Channel Inhibitors; Antagonists of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors; Norepinephrine Transporter Inhibitors; NMDA Receptor Antagonists; Neurotensin ReceptorAgonists; 6. SHARK NOVEL ANTIGEN RECEPTORS - THE NEXT GENERATION OF BIOLOGIC THERAPEUTICS?; Abstract; Introduction; The Rise and Rise of Antibodies; What Are IgNARs?; How Diverse Are IgNARs?; What Is the Function of IgNAR?; Developing IgNARs as Therapeutics; Intrinsic Therapeutic Attributes of IgNARs; Isolation of Antigen-Specific Clones
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In Vitro MaturationFormatting; Conclusion; 7. IMMUNE INTERVENTIONS OF HUMAN DISEASES THROUGH TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; Abstract; Introduction; Toll-Like Receptors and Their Known Ligands; Toll-Like Receptor Signaling; The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in the Human Immune System; TLR-Based Immune Intervention in Humans: Promise and Caution; TLR2; TLR4; TLR5; TLR7 and TLR8; TLR9; TLR3, TLRIO; Other Signaling Molecules; Conclusion; 8. GENOME-BASED VACCINE DEVELOPMENT: A SHORT CUT FOR THE FUTURE; Abstract; Conventional Vaccinology; Reverse Vaccinology; The Classical Reverse VaccinologyApproach
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Comparative Genome Analysis: The Second Phase of Reverse Vaccinology
Weitere Ausg.:
ISBN 9781441911322
Weitere Ausg.:
ISBN 9781441911315
Sprache:
Englisch
DOI:
10.1007/978-1-4419-1132-2
URL:
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