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  • 1
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    Biosociology and neurosociology (2012)
    Bingley, U.K. :Emerald,
    Details
    UID:
    almahu_9949068938402882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (xiii, 266 p.) : , ill.
    ISBN: 9781781902578 (electronic bk.) :
    Serie: Advances in group processes, v. 29
    Inhalt: This special volume features contributions aligned with the interdisciplinary explosion of research on the biological and neurological foundations of social behavior and organization. Biosociology and neurosociology are rapidly developing scientific fields that draw from, and contribute unique knowledge to, a number of interdisciplinary partners, including: biopsychology, neuropsychology, evolutionary psychology, social and affective neuroscience and neurophilosophy. The chapters in this volume focus on the complex and dynamic links between brain, mind, self, society, and human evolutionary heritage in relation to group dynamics and social interaction, emotions, morality, historical processes, anti-social behavior, and mental health.
    Anmerkung: The biology and neurology of group processes / Jonathan H. Turner, Alexandra Maryanski -- Sacrifice, gratitude, and obligation : serial reciprocity in early Christianity / Richard Machalek, Michael W. Martin -- Critique and refinement of the neurosociology of mirror neurons / David D. Franks, Jeff Davis -- Biosocial interaction rituals of autism spectrum disorders : a research agenda for neurosociology / Jessica A. Leveto, Will Kalkhoff -- Differential susceptibility to context : a promising model of the interplay of genes and the social environment / Ronald L. Simons, Steven R.H. Beach, Ashley B. Barr -- Morally bonded and bounded : a sociological introduction to neurology / Rengin Firat, Steven Hitlin -- Self-enhancement versus self-verification : physiological and self-report responses to status dissonance / Nicole H.W. Civettini -- Toward an unobtrusive measure of emotion during interaction : thermal imaging techniques / Dawn T. Robinson ... [et al.].
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9781781902561
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/doi/10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)29
    URL: https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/doi/10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)29
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 2
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    Biosociology and Neurosociology (2012)
    Bingley, U.K : Emerald
    Dazugehörige Titel
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1652191828
    Umfang: XIII, 266 S.
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource Emerald insight
    ISBN: 9781781902561
    Serie: Advances in group processes 29
    Inhalt: This special volume features contributions aligned with the interdisciplinary explosion of research on the biological and neurological foundations of social behavior and organization. Biosociology and neurosociology are rapidly developing scientific fields that draw from, and contribute unique knowledge to, a number of interdisciplinary partners, including: biopsychology, neuropsychology, evolutionary psychology, social and affective neuroscience and neurophilosophy. The chapters in this volume focus on the complex and dynamic links between brain, mind, self, society, and human evolutionary heritage in relation to group dynamics and social interaction, emotions, morality, historical processes, anti-social behavior, and mental health.
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9781781902578
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9781781902561
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Biosociology and neurosociology Bingley : Emerald, 2012 ISBN 9781781902561
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 1781902569
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9781780529318
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 1780529317
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Soziobiologie ; Neurologie
    DOI: 10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)29
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 3
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    Differential Susceptibility to Context: A Promising Model of the Interplay of Genes and the Social Environment (2012)
    Dazugehörige Titel
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1923257641
    ISBN: 9781781902561
    Inhalt: Purpose – The goal of this chapter is to demonstrate the importance of incorporating gene by environment (G×E) interactions into behavioral science theory and research. Design/methodology/approach – We critique behavioral genetics, discuss the emergence of epigenetics, review findings on G×E effects, and present the differential susceptibility model of gene–environment interplay. Findings – The studies reviewed demonstrate that genetic variation often interacts with environmental context to influence the probability of various behaviors. Importantly, in many, and perhaps most, of the studies reviewed, the genetic variable, unlike the environmental variable, has little if any main effect on the outcome of interest. Rather, the influence of the genetic variable is limited to its moderation of the effect of the environmental construct. Research limitations/implications – Molecular G×E research does not undermine the importance of environmental factors; rather it shows how social scientific explanations of human behavior might be made more precise by incorporating genetic information. This suggests expanded research opportunities for those interested in social causation. Social implications – This model of molecular G×E research presented suggests that a substantial proportion of the population is genetically predisposed to be more susceptible than others to environmental influence. We argue that this model of G×E is particularly relevant to sociologists and psychologists and has the potential to enhance the development of theory in both areas. Originality/value – This chapter will be of particular interest to sociologists and psychologists who have found the behavioral genetic paradigm off-putting because of its emphasis on genetic main effects and genetic determinism. The current chapter offers an alternative model that may better capture the available data and better integrate social processes with genetic and biological processes.
    In: Biosociology and Neurosociology, Bingley, U.K : Emerald, 2012, (2012), Seite 139-163, 9781781902561
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2012
    In: pages:139-163
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)0000029008
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 4
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    Critique and Refinement of the Neurosociology of Mirror Neurons (2012)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1923257668
    ISBN: 9781781902561
    Inhalt: Purpose – The purpose of this chapter is to be as comprehensive as possible about what is known about mirror neurons at this time. Design/methodology/approach – This chapter offers a comprehensive critique including Churchland's hesitations about findings on mirror neurons (2011) which are balanced by Ramachandran's conviction that much of the research on mirror neurons is valid (2011). Following this is a summary of the results of the Mirror Neuron Forum (2011) wherein leading mirror neuron researchers exchange their views and conclusions about this subject. Findings – The few single cells measures that we have show that they are much wider distributed throughout the brain than we have previously imagined. It should be stressed that single measures of mirror neurons have occurred albeit in limited situations. This establishes once and for all their relevance to humans. Originality/value – The work on mirror neurons is a critical contribution from neuroscience to bringing the social brain into sociology and refining our understandings of intersubjectivity and of our biologically driven connections with others.
    In: Biosociology and Neurosociology, Bingley, U.K : Emerald, 2012, (2012), Seite 77-117, 9781781902561
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2012
    In: pages:77-117
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)0000029006
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 5
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    Morally Bonded and Bounded: A Sociological Introduction to Neurology (2012)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1923257633
    ISBN: 9781781902561
    Inhalt: Purpose – Due to an absence of dialogue between sociology and the neurosciences, the scientific study of morality largely ignores cultural and structural influences. This chapter offers a synthetic approach integrating these separate disciplines to aid a more complete understanding of morality. Design/methodology/approach – This chapter reviews morality's bonding (a sense of groupness and belonging) and bounding (reproducing and reinforcing group boundaries) qualities across disciplines, and proposes three provisional principles to systematize an interdisciplinary model of morality. We then offer a preliminary illustration of how this model might be operationalized with functional MRI data. Findings – Our proposed principles (as exemplified by our illustrative example) suggest that the sociology-neurology gap in understanding the domain of morality might shrink through an engagement with the underlying neural mechanisms that encompass issues of empathy, racial attitudes, and identity as potential platforms opening up a more “social” neuroscience. Research limitations/implications – This chapter provides a starting-point for further research incorporating biological mechanisms into sociological theories in the area of morality. The illustrative case study should be replicated in a larger sample and/or in additional studies with different social groups. Practical implications – This chapter is a useful source of information for sociologists seeking to find out more about the intersection of neuroscience and sociology as well as the neural dynamics of morality. Originality/value – This chapter presents an introduction to an integrative approach recognizing our biological capacities for a socially constructed morality and the interaction between society and the mind. It includes one of the first sociologically oriented fMRI studies, offering avenues for new ways to bridge research disciplines.
    In: Biosociology and Neurosociology, Bingley, U.K : Emerald, 2012, (2012), Seite 165-199, 9781781902561
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2012
    In: pages:165-199
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)0000029009
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 6
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    Biosocial Interaction Rituals of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Research Agenda for Neurosociology (2012)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_192325765X
    ISBN: 9781781902561
    Inhalt: Purpose – The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate how biosociologists can further the understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorders by combining neurology's knowledge of the brain with social scientific knowledge about paraverbal communication and interactional synchrony. Findings – We theoretically analyze Autism Spectrum Disorders through the lens of neurosociology and develop a research agenda centered on relationships among brain function, interactional symmetry, and autism. We also derive an intervention model involving the artificial manipulation of speech communication. In our analysis we draw attention to multidisciplinary research on vocal and behavioral synchrony and demonstrate how this knowledge contributes to a neurosociological understanding of autism. Research limitations/implications – We synthesize diverse programs of research from multiple fields and innovate a neurosociological approach to understanding biosocial interaction rituals in relation to autism. We discuss the potential use of “dichotic filtration” of speech to enhance communication efficacy for individuals with autism. Practical implications – Our arguments suggest that the social difficulties faced by individuals with autism may be rooted in problems associated with the cerebral processing of paralanguage. As a potential remedy for these problems, we suggest an intervention method based on recent technological advancements stemming from decades of theoretical and empirical research. Social implications – To the extent that the proposed intervention model proves successful, it will enhance the lives of individuals with autism and those with whom they interact by improving social communication and associated channels for creating social bonds. Originality/value – This work is uniquely important as an example of how biosociologists might move “from bench to application” in the context of a cumulative program of interdisciplinary research, development, and technology transfer.
    In: Biosociology and Neurosociology, Bingley, U.K : Emerald, 2012, (2012), Seite 119-138, 9781781902561
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2012
    In: pages:119-138
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)0000029007
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 7
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    Preface (2012)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1923257692
    ISBN: 9781781902561
    Inhalt: This volume begins with two chapters that draw on evolutionary sociology to advance our understanding of interpersonal processes and their role in social organization. In “The Biology and Neurology of Group Processes,” Jonathan H. Turner and Alexandra Maryanski draw on three areas of evolutionary sociology (cladistic analysis, comparative neuroanatomy, and ecological analysis) to show how understanding the selection pressures acting on the brain over millions of years can help us get a better grasp on the biologically based capacities and propensities that are involved in group processes such as role-taking and role-making. An improved understanding of these processes means better explanations of how humans create, sustain, and change social structures and culture – topics that lie at the core of sociological inquiry. At the same time, Turner and Maryanski's chapter will give sociologists much to think about and debate, as one of the main conclusions of their argument is that neurology explains human capacities to develop non-kin groups more than culture. The next chapter entitled “Sacrifice, Gratitude, and Obligation: Serial Reciprocity in Early Christianity,” by Richard Machalek and Michael W. Martin, may be seen as giving more equal explanatory weight to culture and biology in a theoretical analysis that combines a focus on cognitive processes (historically unique meanings and ideas) with evolutionary sociological insights about emotions in order to generate better explanations of complex socio-historical developments. Specifically, Machalek and Martin extend Rodney Stark's analysis of how ideas contributed to the rise of Christianity by showing how the evolved features of human emotionality related to “paying it forward” (or serial reciprocity in more formal terms) may have also played an important role in this historical process. Both chapters provide excellent examples of the value of combining multiple theoretical perspectives and paying attention to the interplay of social and biological forces.
    In: Biosociology and Neurosociology, Bingley, U.K : Emerald, 2012, (2012), Seite ix-xiii, 9781781902561
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2012
    In: pages:ix-xiii
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)0000029003
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 8
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    List of Contributors (2012)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1923257706
    ISBN: 9781781902561
    In: Biosociology and Neurosociology, Bingley, U.K : Emerald, 2012, (2012), Seite vii-viii, 9781781902561
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2012
    In: pages:vii-viii
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)0000029002
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 9
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    Biosociology and Neurosociology (2012)
    Dazugehörige Titel
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1923257609
    ISBN: 9781781902561
    In: Biosociology and Neurosociology, Bingley, U.K : Emerald, 2012, (2012), Seite i, 9781781902561
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2012
    In: pages:i
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)0000029012
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 10
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    The Biology and Neurology of Group Processes (2012)
    Dazugehörige Titel
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1923257684
    ISBN: 9781781902561
    Inhalt: Purpose – The purpose of this chapter is to bring data to suggest that group processes have a biological base, lodged in human neurology as it evolved over the last 7 million years. Design/methodology/approach – The method for discovering the neurological basis of group processes is labelled evolutionary sociology, and this method revolves around: (1) cladistic analysis of traits of distant ancestors to humans and the great apes, with whom humans share a very high proportion of genes, (2) comparative neurology between the great apes and humans that can inform us about how the brains of humans were rewired from the structures shared by the last common ancestor to humans and apes, and (3) ecological analysis of the habitats and niches that generated selection pressures on the neurology of apes and hominins. Findings – A key finding is that most of the interpersonal processes that drive group processes are neurologically based and evolved before the brain among hominins was sufficiently large to generate systems of symbols organized in cultural texts remotely near the human measure. There is, then, good reason to study the neurological basis of behavior because neurology explains more about the dynamics of interpersonal behavior than does culture, which was a very late arrival to the hominin line. Research implications – One implication of these findings is that social scientific analysis of interpersonal processes and group dynamics can no longer assume that groups are solely a constructed process, mediated by culture and social structure. There were powerful selection pressures during the course of hominin evolution to increase hominin sociality and especially group formation, which required considerable rewiring of the basic ape brain. Since groups are not “natural” to apes in general and even to an evolved ape-like humans, it is important to discover how humans ever became group-organizing animals. The answer resides in the dramatic enhancing of emotions in hominins and humans, which shifts attention away from the neocortex to the older subcortical areas of the brain. Once this shift is made, theorizing and research, as well as public views on human sociality, need to be recast as, first, an evolved biological trait and, only second, as a most tenuous and fragile of a big-brained animal using language and culture to construct its social world. Originality/value – The value of this kind of analysis is to liberate sociology and the social sciences in general from simplistic views that, because humans have language and can use language to construct culture and social structures, the underlying biology and neurology of human action is not relevant to understanding the social world. Indeed, just the opposite is the case: to the extent that social scientists insist upon a social constructionists research agenda, they will fail to conceptualize and perform research on more fundamental forces in the social world, including group dynamics.
    In: Biosociology and Neurosociology, Bingley, U.K : Emerald, 2012, (2012), Seite 1-37, 9781781902561
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2012
    In: pages:1-37
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)0000029004
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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