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  • 1
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    The challenge of BRIC multinationals (2016)
    Bingley, U.K. :Emerald,
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    UID:
    almafu_9961831672502883
    Umfang: 1 online resource (xxiii, 672 p.) : , ill.
    ISBN: 9781786353498 (electronic bk.)
    Serie: Progress in international business research, v. 11
    Inhalt: This PIBR volume examines a number of idiosyncratic elements in the internationalization strategies of BRIC MNEs and, in particular, in their relationship with home country policies: 1.The theoretical challenge: do we need different or more specific theories of EMNEs to assess the phenomenon of BRIC multinationals? 2.The empirical challenge: what marks the changing position of BRIC countries in the world economy? 3.The managerial challenge: with the coming of age of a new breed of multinationals, what distinguishes BRIC multinationals from other (emerging market) multinationals? 4.The policy making challenge: what impact have MNEs from BRIC countries had on their domestic economy?
    Anmerkung: Third World multinationals: a retrospective / Louis T. Wells -- Third World multinationals - then and now / Liena Kano, Alain Verbeke, Rob van Tulder -- Introduction to this volume: what makes BRIC multinationals special? / Rob van Tulder, Jorge Carneiro, Maria Alejandra Gonzalez-Perez -- New facts about BRIC multinationals: from macro to micro evidence / Valeria Gattai, Piergiovanna Natale -- TRIAD & BRIC MNEs: will the internationalization strategies converge? studying the convergence of FDI outflows across nations and determining the role of home country government in enhancing FDI outflows / Srishti Goyal, Vasudha Chopra -- BRIC multinational enterprises: the roles of corruption and nationalism / Duane Windsor -- Overcoming the home field disadvantage: how BRICS firms adapt to market reforms / Luis Alfonso Dau, David Wesley -- Giants from emerging markets: the internationalization of BRIC multinationals / Liliana Rodriguez-Arangi, Maria Alejandra Gonzalez-Perez -- BRIC(S) as an emerging block? / Badar Alam Iqbal, Mohd Nayyer Rahman -- BRICS and free trade agreements: a special relationship / Bipin Kumar -- Internationalization as co-evolution of market and non-market strategies: the case of Vale / Suzana B. Rodrigues, Marleen Dieleman -- Hering, from a global production network player to a regional retail leader / Germano Aldofo Gehrke, Hoye〈U+0302〉do Nunes Lins, Jose〈U+0301〉 Alonso Borba -- Natura - the international expansion of Brazilian cosmetics leader Natura: in search of a European scent / Jorge Carneiro, Bettysa Dornelas, Felipe Esteves -- Do institutions matter? the case of wines manufacturer from an emerging economy / Jefferson Marlon Monticelli, Ivan Lapuente Garrido, Fa〈U+0301〉bio Dal-Soto -- Building political connexions to expand overseas: the trajectory of a Brazilian construction company / Cyntia Vilasboas Calixto, Marina Amado Bahia Gama -- Russian MNCs: empirical and theoretical aspects / Alexander Bulatov, Alexey Kuznetsov, Yuri Kvashnin, Alice Maltseva, Ninel Seniuk -- Internationalization of Russian business: a double-headed strategy? / Timur Atnashev, Teimuraz Vashakmadze -- The role of sanctions in the internationalization of Russian multinationals towards China: the case of energy and ICT sectors / Anna Abramova, Olga Garanina -- Against all odds - a diaspora entrepreneur developing Russian and Central Asian markets / Maria Elo -- When the subsidiary leads expansion: from Russia to Belarus and beyond / Brent McKenzie, Igor Dukeov, Vadim Iliunin -- Early internationalization of new and small Indian firms - an exploratory study / Pratik Arte, Andrew Barron -- Chemistry looks to the future at Innovassynth / Ajeet N. Mathur -- FDI strategies of Chinese companies in the electronics industry: motives, locations, and entry mode choices / Xiaoyan Luo, Michal K. Lemanski -- Local issues of Chinese direct investment in Africa: the case of China National Petroleum Corporation International Chad (2006-2013) / Seign-goura Yorbana -- JAC Motors - how a Chinese car manufacturer successfully approached the Brazilian Market.
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9781786353504
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/doi/10.1108/S1745-8862201711
    URL: https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/doi/10.1108/S1745-8862201711
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 2
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    Case F Chemistry Looks to the Future at Innovassynth (2016)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1922722235
    ISBN: 9781786353498
    Inhalt: Purpose This teaching case describes a born-global Indian enterprise in R&D that developed and leveraged knowledge-intensive business services in speciality chemicals, custom synthesis of genes and contract research co-evolving dynamic capabilities in partnership with multinationals from Europe and North America. The purpose of this case to explore how emerging market multinationals can leverage factor market strengths for niche positioning in industries generally populated by large players, in this case, the big Pharma companies. Methodology/approach The case describes how the international strategy of the company was rooted in the “Make in India” national policy. The risks and opportunities involved a “springboard” approach of gaining customer confidence in North America, Europe and Japan in incremental steps. Challenges concerned fostering a credible talent management eco-system where scientific spirit and business pathways were pursued around unknown and unfamiliar projects challenging resource-based views of the firm. Research implications An interesting facet of this case is how the nexus of treaties with stakeholding constituents were configured and sustained for strategic management of intellectual capital and organizational knowledge. Originality/value The novelty of the case is in demonstrating how small EMNCs can leverage factor market advantages to become world leaders in niche segments. Another interesting feature is how such firms are organized around sustainability of shareholder value without profitability in their initial years.
    In: The challenge of BRIC multinationals, Bingley, U.K. : Emerald, 2016, (2016), Seite 559-586, 9781786353498
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2016
    In: pages:559-586
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S1745-886220160000011033
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  • 3
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    Chapter 4 New Facts about BRIC Multinationals: From Macro to Micro Evidence (2016)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1922722375
    ISBN: 9781786353498
    Inhalt: Purpose In this chapter, we document the growing importance of FDI from BRIC countries in relation to FDI from both developed and developing countries and investigate the types of firms that are responsible for BRIC FDI. Methodology/approach We follow a two-step empirical approach. First, we provide macro evidence on FDI from BRIC countries. We use UNCTAD data to highlight the patterns of FDI flows and stocks. Second, we provide firm-level evidence on FDI. Using ORBIS data, we elaborate a rich taxonomy of FDI that accounts for the decision to invest abroad and for the location, ownership, and number of foreign subsidiaries. Thus, we characterize BRIC multinationals’ involvement in FDI and examine the relationship between FDI and performance at the firm level. Findings We unveil new facts about BRIC multinationals. BRIC multinationals are in the minority in their home countries, but they outperform domestic enterprises. Within the group of BRIC investors, those firms that invest in developing countries, that operate in joint ventures, or that have more than five foreign subsidiaries are in the minority, but they outperform those firms that select other FDI strategies. Research limitations/implications Our estimates document a positive and robust correlation between FDI and performance; however, the cross-sectional nature of our data does not permit a proper causality analysis. Originality/value Our work contributes to the International Economics literature on internationalization and firm performance as well as to the International Business literature on FDI from emerging economies. With respect to the former, we innovate by studying the relation between FDI strategies and firm performance. In relation to the latter, we innovate by introducing firm-level data and a cross-country approach that lets us illustrate the roles and features of FDI from BRIC countries.
    In: The challenge of BRIC multinationals, Bingley, U.K. : Emerald, 2016, (2016), Seite 61-92, 9781786353498
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2016
    In: pages:61-92
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S1745-886220160000011007
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  • 4
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    Chapter 3 Introduction to This Volume: What Makes BRIC Multinationals Special? (2016)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1922722383
    ISBN: 9781786353498
    In: The challenge of BRIC multinationals, Bingley, U.K. : Emerald, 2016, (2016), Seite 41-57, 9781786353498
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2016
    In: pages:41-57
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S1745-886220160000011005
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  • 5
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    Chapter 11 Internationalization as Co-Evolution of Market – And Non-market Strategies: The Case of Vale (2017)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1922700029
    ISBN: 9781786353498
    Inhalt: Purpose The purpose of this chapter is to explore the role of the home country government in the internationalization of multinationals from emerging markets. This is an important topic because governments play a greater role in BRIC countries. We build upon the literature on non-market strategy, extending this to emerging market multinationals. Methodology/approach We ground our arguments based on a multimethod case study of Vale, a Brazilian mining multinational. Findings Our study suggests that the role of home country governments is crucial for internationalization of firms from emerging markets, but also that it changes over time, is complex, and context-specific. We suggest that non-market strategy development is a process of co-evolution that is intricately linked to both external and internal factors. Practical Implications These findings are of relevance to emerging markets where governments are less constrained and perhaps more inclined to intervene in the private sector due to a legacy of state-led growth. Originality/value We tease out unique links between market shifts, government tactics, and firm strategies. Our study shows the need to shift our attention to home country non-market pressures as an explanatory factor for internationalization trajectories.
    In: The challenge of BRIC multinationals, Bingley, U.K. : Emerald, 2016, (2017), Seite 269-294, 9781786353498
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2017
    In: pages:269-294
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S1745-886220160000011014
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  • 6
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    Case A Hering, from a Global Production Network Player to a Regional Retail Leader (2017)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1922700010
    ISBN: 9781786353498
    Inhalt: Purpose This study traces the internationalization strategy of Hering, a Brazilian-based apparel company active in manufacturing and retail. Methodology/approach The data set and analysis is presented in chronological order and decisions taken by the company are viewed based on internationalization theories. It presents two main internationalization frameworks, the production network and the value chain models. Findings While the company started the internationalization process in the 1960s and reached a consistent global presence in distinct markets, it has now retracted from main markets in Europe and North America and is focused on its own distribution network in South America. Hering has changed its strategy of a global production network player into a leader in the retail value chain model with regional distribution. This strategy change has been possible by valuing brand management and distribution instead of manufacturing capacity. Originality/value BRIC countries are known for exporting commodities but have poor performance in selling its own branded consumer goods abroad. This study provides such a rare case of a Brazilian consumer good company operating abroad.
    In: The challenge of BRIC multinationals, Bingley, U.K. : Emerald, 2016, (2017), Seite 295-315, 9781786353498
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2017
    In: pages:295-315
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S1745-886220160000011016
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  • 7
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    Chapter 12 Russian MNC s : Empirical and Theoretical Aspects (2017)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1922700002
    ISBN: 9781786353498
    Inhalt: Purpose Russia is one of the leaders in outward FDI from emerging market economies and at the same time Russian MNCs have their specific features. The purpose of this chapter is to analyze characteristics of Russian MNCs by researching relationship between specificities of Russian economic and political model, on the one hand, and specific features of Russian MNCs, on the other hand. Methodology/approach For these researches, traditional instruments of neoclassical theory are basically used. Findings The principal finding is that specific characteristics of Russian MNCs reflect specificities of Russia’s economic and political model. To some extent, they correlate with characteristics of MNCs of other two leading emerging economies – China and India. Research limitations/implications Russian MNCs operate in line with principal theories of FDI, that is, on the basis of their country and firms’ comparative advantages. However, they possess specific features: many of them are state-controlled MNCs; private MNCs are controlled by oligarchs; all of them have tight relations with offshores and offshore conduit countries. The comparison with China and India shows that some of these specific features are typical of Chinese and Indian MNCs to more or less extent. Practical implications The empirical part of the chapter analyzes scope, industrial and geographical profiles of Russian MNCs, their motivation and management, impact on Russian economy and regional integration. Social implications National MNCs with their offshore affiliates are the leading tax evasion economic agents in Russia. Moreover, stable FDI outflow reduces gross capital formation in Russia which is insufficient (19–25% of GDP) for substantial economic growth by standards of emerging economies in this decade (from 4.3 to −3.8 in Russia, from 6.8 to 9.5 in China, from 5.1 to 7.3 in India). Originality/value The principal value (originality) of the chapter is its comparatively detailed review of main aspects of Russian MNCs’ worldwide activity made from the point of view of its connection to Russia’s economic and political model.
    In: The challenge of BRIC multinationals, Bingley, U.K. : Emerald, 2016, (2017), Seite 395-421, 9781786353498
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2017
    In: pages:395-421
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S1745-886220160000011019
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  • 8
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    Chapter 13 Internationalization of Russian Business: A Double-Headed Strategy? (2017)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1922699993
    ISBN: 9781786353498
    Inhalt: Purpose To analyze internationalization patterns among large Russian multinational corporations (MNCs). Approach Case study analysis of systematic internationalization attempts within three industries: IT, banking, and steel. For case studies, secondary data was used along with industry expert interviews. Findings The first finding is that Russian firms actively pursuing internationalization strategies through mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and greenfield investments were not as successful as several optimistic assessments had earlier suggested. Few global corporate champions emerged among Russian MNCs, despite a decade of record high outward foreign direct investments (OFDI). Secondly, we observed the unique trend of splitting operations between international and Russian businesses, which proved more sustainable than operating as a single firm. For example, the IBS-Luxoft group achieved success through gradual legal and organizational separation of branches in order to serve rising demand in developed markets and from its Russian business within the same industry. This double-headed strategy divides a business into two parts that are controlled by the same owners, but operate independently: one firm operates within the home market, while another firm aims to expand globally. This seems to be a typical trend, confirming recent findings for Russian small and medium enterprise (SME) internationalization and reinforcing earlier literature on institutional constraints in the Russian economy. Research limitations We analyzed major cases from three actively internationalizing industries. For each industry, we extensively analyzed one main case in particular. Industries’ choice also affects specific internationalization strategies. Originality This study identifies two distinct approaches in the literature on Russian business internationalization and attempts to combine both. We will also highlight organizational dilemmas as well as patterns in Russian businesses’ successful and failed internationalization strategies over the last decade. We identified an original double-headed internationalization strategy consisting of the separation of the national and global businesses, rather than leveraging their synergy. We will also question the established optimistic assessment of Russian MNC internationalization.
    In: The challenge of BRIC multinationals, Bingley, U.K. : Emerald, 2016, (2017), Seite 423-450, 9781786353498
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2017
    In: pages:423-450
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S1745-886220160000011021
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  • 9
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    Chapter 14 The Role of Sanctions in the Internationalization of Russian Multinationals Toward China: The Case of Energy and ICT Sectors (2017)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1922699985
    ISBN: 9781786353498
    Inhalt: Purpose Economic sanctions imposed by the EU and United States on Russia have brought significant changes into Russian foreign economic policy, in particular leading to deepening cooperation with Asian countries and China in particular. The present contribution aims to shed light on the influence of sanctions on Russian multinational enterprises (MNEs) internationalization toward China using the example of energy and information and communication technology (ICT) industries. Methodology/approach The chapter builds on case study analysis. The choice of sectors allows us to highlight the recent strategic trends in the internationalization of oil and gas industry, dominated by state-owned multinationals, and in ICT by privately owned companies. Findings Our results provide empirical data for understanding the influence of sanctions on MNEs from the country being under the sanctions. In the case of Russian oil and gas industry and ICTs, research indicates that the shift toward China was not initiated primarily by the sanctions. In both cases, expansion to Asian markets was correlated with business interests in the Chinese market. However, changes in geopolitical and macroeconomic business environment accelerated Russian MNE’s pivot to China, for the purposes of attracting capital and reaching new markets in context of deteriorating relations with western partners. The cases demonstrate a moderating role of the industry in the context of sanctions, helping compensate for the slowdown of economic relations with traditional partners. Originality/value The novelty of the chapter is to delineate the consequences of sanctions on MNEs from the country being under sanctions. In this way, it illustrates the role of geopolitical environment in intensifying internationalization of Russian MNEs toward China.
    In: The challenge of BRIC multinationals, Bingley, U.K. : Emerald, 2016, (2017), Seite 451-479, 9781786353498
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2017
    In: pages:451-479
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S1745-886220160000011023
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  • 10
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    Chapter 15 Against All Odds – A Diaspora Entrepreneur Developing Russian and Central Asian Markets (2017)
    Dazugehörige Titel
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    UID:
    gbv_1922699977
    ISBN: 9781786353498
    Inhalt: Purpose To understand how diaspora entrepreneurship evolves and becomes a small-scale emerging market multinational and how this process is enabled. Methodology/approach Case study and ethnographic methods were employed. Findings Diaspora entrepreneurs can act as change agents who create and penetrate markets under difficult conditions. They are less influenced by institutional voids in home and host countries when they have strong international diaspora networks that enable a connection to resources, overcoming such voids. Diaspora entrepreneurs may be resource-embedded socially in a way that creates superior competitive advantages and reduces liabilities of foreignness and of outsidership. Research limitations/implications Diaspora entrepreneurship incorporates invisible and idiographic potential, such as social capital and knowledge networks. These are not available for other non-incumbent companies (e.g., foreign entrants) and are difficult to research due to access barriers. Practical implications Perception and active management of network-based resources is important for opportunity and business development. Management in a transition economy context requires holistic views, deep understanding, and working linkages across markets. Social implications Transgenerational entrepreneurship and ethnic traditions are important for the community. Entrepreneurship provides continuity and identity, such as using ethnic language, as well as prosperity and solidarity that are important for supporting cultural identity. Originality/value This study connects diaspora entrepreneurship in Central Asia and emerging market multinationals that are small and medium-sized enterprises. Both are underexplored domains, but may share particular institutional settings. Growth and internationalization into a multinational enterprise with an emerging market origin, especially by women entrepreneurs, are rarely studied. This case illustrates the need to capture the processual dynamics, resources, and actor networks, including sociocultural and spatiotemporal factors for better contextualization.
    In: The challenge of BRIC multinationals, Bingley, U.K. : Emerald, 2016, (2017), Seite 481-502, 9781786353498
    In: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
    In: year:2017
    In: pages:481-502
    Sprache: Englisch
    DOI: 10.1108/S1745-886220160000011024
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