UID:
almafu_9960143973702883
Format:
1 online resource
Edition:
1st ed.
Content:
Throughout history, the first and foremost role of urban water management has been the protection of human health and the local aquatic environment. To this end, the practice of (waste- )water treatment has maintained a central focus on the removal of pollutants through dissipative pathways. Approaches like - in the case of wastewater treatment - the activated sludge process, which makes 'hazardous things' disappear, have benefitted our society tremendously by safeguarding human and environmental health. While conventional (waste- )water treatment is regarded as one of the greatest engineering achievements of the 20th century, these dissipative approaches will not suffice in the 21st century as we enter the era of the circular economy. A key challenge for the future of urban water management is the need to re-envision the role of water infrastructure, still holding paramount the safeguard of human and environmental health while also becoming a more proactive force for sustainable development through the recovery of resources embedded in urban water. This book aims (i) to explain the basic principles governing resource recovery from water (how much is there, really); (ii) to provide a comprehensive overview and critical assessment of the established and emerging technologies for resource recovery from water; and (iii) to put resource recovery from water in a legal, economic (including the economy of scale of recovered products), social (consumer's point of view), and environmental sustainability framework. This book serves as a powerful teaching tool at the graduate entry master level with an aim to help develop the next generation of engineers and experts and is also highly relevant for seasoned water professionals and practicing engineers.
Note:
Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Chapter 1: Resource recovery from municipal wastewater: what and how much is there? -- 1.1 INTRODUCTION -- 1.2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES -- 1.3 HOW DO WE DEFINE WASTEWATER? -- 1.4 HOW MUCH MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER IS PRODUCED? -- 1.5 HOW IS MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER COLLECTED? -- 1.6 UNTREATED MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER - WHAT RESOURCES ARE IN THERE AND IN WHAT CONCENTRATION RANGE? -- 1.7 WHAT RESOURCES CAN BE RECOVERED DURING TREATMENT OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER? -- 1.7.1 Water reuse -- 1.7.2 Inerts -- 1.7.3 Organic matter -- 1.7.4 Energy from wastewater -- 1.7.5 Nitrogen -- 1.7.6 Phosphorus -- 1.7.7 Heavy metals -- 1.7.8 Coagulants -- 1.8 CHAPTER SUMMARY -- 1.9 EXERCISES -- 1.10 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS -- FURTHER READING MATERIALS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2: Resource recovery from industrial wastewater: what and how much is there? -- 2.1 INTRODUCTION -- 2.2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES -- 2.3 THE MAJOR INDUSTRIES THAT PRODUCE WASTEWATER AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS -- 2.3.1 Food and beverage industries -- 2.3.2 Textile industries and leather production -- 2.3.3 Wood-related industries -- 2.3.4 Metal and mining industries -- 2.3.5 Oil and gas production and refining -- 2.3.6 Chemical industry -- 2.4 CURRENT PRACTICE IN INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT -- 2.5 WHICH RESOURCES CAN BE RECOVERED FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT? -- 2.5.1 Nutrients -- 2.5.2 Metals -- 2.5.3 Chemical compounds -- 2.5.4 Stabilized organic biosolids -- 2.5.5 Water -- 2.5.6 Energy -- 2.5.7 Symbiotic resource recovery -- 2.6 CHAPTER SUMMARY -- 2.7 EXERCISES -- 2.8 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3: Resource recovery from drinking water production facilities: what and how much is there? -- 3.1 INTRODUCTION -- 3.2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES -- 3.3 MAJOR SOURCES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DRINKING WATER -- 3.4 CURRENT PRACTICE IN WATER TREATMENT.
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3.4.1 Coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation -- 3.4.2 Lime-soda ash softening -- 3.4.3 Ion exchange -- 3.4.4 Membrane filtration -- 3.5 WHICH RESOURCES CAN BE RECOVERED? -- 3.6 CHAPTER SUMMARY -- 3.7 EXERCISES -- 3.8 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS -- FURTHER READING MATERIALS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4: Water reuse: a pillar of the circular water economy -- 4.1 INTRODUCTION -- 4.2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES -- 4.3 WATER REUSE AS A KEY PILLAR OF THE CIRCULAR (WATER) ECONOMY -- 4.4 WATER REUSE PLANNING -- 4.4.1 Key water reuse drivers -- 4.4.2 Key water reuse challenges -- 4.4.2.1 Economic viability -- 4.4.2.2 Social acceptance -- 4.4.2.3 Policy and regulation -- 4.4.2.4 Technical issues and energy efficiency -- 4.4.2.5 Innovation -- 4.5 WATER REUSE APPLICATIONS -- 4.6 WATER REUSE TREATMENT AND DESIGN -- 4.6.1 Typical treatment trains for agricultural and landscape irrigation -- 4.6.2 Typical treatment trains for urban reuse -- 4.6.3 Typical treatment schemes for potable reuse -- 4.6.4 Typical process design -- 4.7 KEY CHARACTERISTICS AND MILESTONES OF AGRICULTURAL WATER REUSE -- 4.7.1 Water quality requirements -- 4.7.2 Health risk management -- 4.7.3 Major findings and lessons learned -- 4.8 KEY CHARACTERISTICS AND MILESTONES OF URBAN WATER REUSE -- 4.8.1 Landscape irrigation -- 4.8.2 Other urban uses -- 4.8.3 Main steps and milestones in the development of urban reuse -- 4.8.4 Major findings and lessons learned -- 4.9 KEY CHARACTERISTICS AND MILESTONES OF INDUSTRIAL WATER REUSE -- 4.9.1 Water quality requirements -- 4.9.2 Management of adverse water quality impacts -- 4.9.3 Milestones in industrial reuse -- 4.9.4 Major findings and lessons learned -- 4.10 KEY CHARACTERISTICS AND MILESTONES OF POTABLE WATER REUSE -- 4.10.1 Key points in development of potable reuse -- 4.10.2 Milestones in potable water reuse -- 4.10.3 Major findings and lessons learned.
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4.11 THE COST-RISK NEXUS -- 4.12 INNOVATION AND RESEARCH NEEDS -- 4.13 CHAPTER SUMMARY -- 4.14 EXERCISES -- 4.14.1 Multiple choice test -- 4.15 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS -- 4.15.1 Planning and evaluation of the feasibility of water reuse -- 4.15.2 Water reuse technologies -- 4.15.3 Water reuse applications -- FURTHER READING MATERIALS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5: Established full-scale applications for energy recovery from water: anaerobic digestion -- 5.1 INTRODUCTION -- 5.2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES -- 5.3 CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW OF ENERGY RECOVERY THROUGH ANAEROBIC DIGESTION -- 5.3.1 Fundamental principles of anaerobic digestion -- 5.3.2 Characterizing feedstock and methane potential -- 5.3.3 Overview of anaerobic digestion technologies -- 5.3.3.1 Lagoon-based anaerobic technologies -- 5.3.3.2 High rate granular technologies -- 5.3.3.3 Anaerobic membrane technologies -- 5.3.3.4 Mixed liquor reactor technologies -- 5.3.3.5 Solid phase anaerobic technologies -- 5.3.3.6 Summary of AD technologies -- 5.3.4 Design and operation of anaerobic digestion technologies -- 5.3.4.1 Technology selection -- 5.3.4.2 Process sizing (loading rates) -- 5.3.4.3 Materials handling and transport -- 5.3.4.4 Reactor mixing -- 5.3.4.5 Temperature management -- 5.3.4.6 Dewatering, drying and conservation -- 5.3.4.7 Biogas treatment and utilization -- 5.3.5 Process monitoring and troubleshooting -- 5.3.5.1 Process performance -- 5.3.5.2 Process stability -- 5.3.5.3 Process troubleshooting -- 5.4 CASE STUDIES AND IMPLEMENTATION -- 5.4.1 Case study 1: anaerobic digestion of agricultural wastewater -- 5.4.2 Case study 2: high-rate anaerobic digestion in the food and beverage industry -- 5.4.3 Case study 3: anaerobic digestion of municipal wastewater sludge -- 5.5 CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES AND RESEARCH NEEDS -- 5.6 SUMMARY -- 5.7 EXERCISES -- 5.8 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS.
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FURTHER READING MATERIALS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6: Upgrading anaerobic digestion within the energy economy - the methane platform -- 6.1 INTRODUCTION -- 6.2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES -- 6.3 WHAT DRIVES METHANE AND CARBON DIOXIDE YIELDS IN ANAEROBIC DIGESTION -- 6.3.1 Thermodynamic reason for high methane yields - extreme fermentation -- 6.3.2 Why carbon dioxide is produced besides methane - electron balance -- 6.3.3 How to improve methane yields with biology - thermophilic AD -- 6.4 HOW TO IMPROVE METHANE YIELDS OR PRODUCE OTHER ENERGY-CARRIERS WITH HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS -- 6.4.1 What are hydrothermal systems? -- 6.4.2 Thermal hydrolysis (TH) as a pre-treatment to AD -- 6.4.3 Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) as a pre- or post-treatment for AD -- 6.5 REMOVING CARBON DIOXIDE FROM BIOGAS -- 6.5.1 The basic principle of carbon dioxide separation -- 6.5.2 Physical and chemical absorption -- 6.5.3 Physical absorption of carbon dioxide using water scrubbing -- 6.5.4 Chemical absorption of carbon dioxide using amines -- 6.5.5 Adsorption -- 6.5.6 Biogas upgrading using pressure-swing adsorption -- 6.6 EX-SITU BIOMETHANATION -- 6.6.1 PtG concept -- 6.6.2 Hydrogen supply via electrolysis -- 6.6.3 Bioreactor technology -- 6.6.4 Why operate at 65°C rather than 37°C -- 6.6.5 Thermophilic methanogen - Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus -- 6.7 PERSPECTIVES AND FUTURE NEEDS -- 6.8 CHAPTER SUMMARY -- 6.9 EXERCISES -- 6.10 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS -- FURTHER READING MATERIALS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7: Anaerobic fermentation technologies for the production of chemical building blocks and bio-based products from wastewater -- 7.1 INTRODUCTION -- 7.2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES -- 7.3 MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF CARBOXYLIC ACID PRODUCTION -- 7.3.1 Hydrolysis -- 7.3.1.1 Hydrolysis of polysaccharides -- 7.3.1.2 Hydrolysis of proteins -- 7.3.1.3 Hydrolysis of fats.
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7.3.2 Primary fermentations -- 7.3.2.1 Primary fermentation pathways for saccharides -- 7.3.2.2 Primary fermentation pathways for amino acids -- 7.3.2.3 Primary fermentation pathways for long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) -- 7.3.2.4 Practical implications -- 7.3.3 Secondary anaerobic conversions -- 7.3.3.1 Secondary fermentations to SCCA from lactic acid -- 7.3.3.2 Reverse beta-oxidation with ethanol as electron donor -- 7.3.3.3 Chain elongation using alternative electron donors -- 7.3.4 The reason behind it all: energy maximization and redox balancing -- 7.4 CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DOWNSTREAM/UPGRADING ROUTES FOR THE RECOVERY OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS -- 7.4.1 Solid-liquid separation before product recovery -- 7.4.2 Physicochemical product upgrading -- 7.4.2.1 Product extraction and up-concentration -- 7.4.2.1.1 Gas stripping combined with absorption -- 7.4.2.1.2 Adsorption -- 7.4.2.1.3 Pressure-driven membrane processes -- 7.4.2.1.4 Liquid-liquid extraction -- 7.4.2.1.5 Membrane electrochemical processes -- 7.4.2.1.6 Hybrid downstream trains -- 7.4.2.2 Chemical conversions -- 7.4.3 Biological product upgrading -- 7.4.3.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates for bioplastics -- 7.4.3.2 Microbial protein for feed and food -- 7.5 CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW OF THE PRODUCTION OF SHORT-CHAIN CARBOXYLIC ACIDS (SCCA) FROM WASTEWATER -- 7.5.1 Technological principles -- 7.5.2 Fundamental principles -- 7.5.3 Applications -- 7.5.4 Case studies -- 7.6 CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW OF THE PRODUCTION OF MEDIUM-CHAIN CARBOXYLIC ACIDS (MCCA) FROM WASTEWATER -- 7.6.1 Technological principles -- 7.6.2 Fundamental principles -- 7.6.3 Applications -- 7.6.4 Case studies -- 7.7 CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES AND RESEARCH NEEDS -- 7.7.1 Bioprocess engineering -- 7.7.2 SCCA/MCCA product recovery -- 7.7.3 From lab to real life -- 7.8 CHAPTER SUMMARY -- 7.9 EXERCISES -- 7.10 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS -- REFERENCES.
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Chapter 8: Upscaled and validated technologies for the production of bio-based materials from wastewater.
Additional Edition:
ISBN 9781789060317
Additional Edition:
ISBN 1789060311
Language:
English
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