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Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxiii, 396 Seiten) : , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karte.

ISBN: 978-3-030-91611-4

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-030-91610-7

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-030-91612-1

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Soziologie

Schlagwort(e): Fertilität ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Bevölkerungspolitik

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91611-4

URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)

URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)

UID:

Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (415 Seiten)

ISBN: 9783030916114

Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources , Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Author -- List of Figures -- 1 Introduction -- References -- 2 Measuring Fertility -- Reliable Fertility Data Is Widely Available -- Common Measures of Fertility -- Cohort and Period Fertility in Sweden -- What About the Dads? -- Interpreting Fertility Data Wisely -- References -- 3 How Many Children Can Humans Have Biologically? -- Female, Male, and Couple Fecundity -- Natural Fertility: Seven to Ten Children Per Woman -- For the Most Part, Fecundity Has Likely Improved -- Save the Sperm? -- Interpreting Contemporary Fertility Against the Backdrop of Fecundity and Natural Fertility -- References -- 4 Fertility from the Dawn of Humanity Through the Nineteenth Century -- The Other Determinant of the Number of Surviving Offspring: Mortality -- Prehistoric Mortality and Fertility -- Traditional Mechanisms and Methods of Limiting Family Size -- Low Fertility in Pre-industrial Europe -- Higher Status, Higher Fertility -- Slow Population Growth and Modest Changes in Mortality and Fertility Until the 1800s -- References -- 5 The Demographic Transition: Fewer Deaths and Eventually Fewer Births -- Mortality Declines in Western Europe -- France: The Birth Place of Lower Birth Rates -- Why Did the Demographic Transition Take Place in Europe First? -- Education as the Driving Force of Fertility Decline -- The Timing and Pace of the Demographic Transition in Asia, Africa, and South America -- The Demographic Transition Causes Rapid Population Growth -- Reversal in the Status-Fertility Relationship -- Lessons Learned from the Demographic Transition -- References -- 6 Contemporary Global Fertility -- Replacement Level: How Many Births Does It Take to Sustain a Population? -- Global Fertility Has Declined Radically, but Remains Above the Replacement Level , Fertility Still Varies Widely Across World Regions -- Differences Within Countries Can Be as Dramatic as Differences Between Countries -- Contemporary Fertility: A Polarized World -- References -- 7 The New Have-Nots: Childlessness in the Twenty-First Century -- Childlessness Is Increasing Globally -- Childlessness Has Become a Male Phenomenon -- From a Lack of Surviving Men to a Lack of "Suitable" Men -- Social Inequalities in Childlessness: Highest Among Highly Educated, Professional Women and Low-Educated Men -- Modern Childlessness: Biological, Intentional, or Coincidental? -- Many People Are Childless Because They Do Not Find the "Right" Partner -- The Incompatibility of Work and Family: The Example of University Research Careers -- Childlessness Due to (Age-Related) Infertility -- Only a Minority Prefer to Remain "Childfree" -- The Consequences of Childlessness for Individuals -- Is Modern Childlessness a Problem? -- References -- 8 More Education, Fewer Children -- The Global Rise in Education -- Higher Education Tends to Go Along with Lower Fertility, but the Relationship is Weaker in Low Fertility Contexts -- The Effect of Education on Fertility Is Causal, Not Just Coincidental -- Education Affects Fertility Through Different Mechanisms -- Education Increases Women's Childbearing Autonomy -- Children Are Getting More Expensive -- More Education Is a Good Thing -- References -- 9 An Era of Choice: Childbearing Has Become More Planned -- Contraception Key to Fertility Decline -- Two-Thirds of People Now Use Contraception Globally -- Abortion Decreases Unintended Fertility -- Family Planning Reduces Unplanned Pregnancies -- Three Out of Four Births Are Planned -- Planned Childbearing: Still Room for Improvement -- References -- 10 Fertility Preferences: How Many Children Do People Want? -- Measuring Fertility Ideals and Intentions , Ideal Family Size Has Shrunk -- Social Differences in Ideal and Intended Family Size -- Low Fertility Role Models -- Gaps Between Fertility Ideals and Actual Fertility -- Most People Want Smaller (but Not Too Small) Families -- References -- 11 Delaying Parenthood, for Better and for Worse -- People Are Postponing Parenthood All Over the World -- Education Decisive for Fertility Postponement -- Delay Due to the Labor Market -- Why Age Matters-For Men and for Women -- Most People Prefer to Delay Childbearing...Somewhat -- The Risks and Rewards of Postponed Fertility -- References -- 12 Finding a Mate: Contemporary Partnership and Conception -- Let's Talk About Sex......and Assisted Reproductive Technology -- Marriage Still Predicts Fertility -- The Decrease and Delay in Marriage -- The Spread of Cohabitation -- What Makes a Good Mate? -- Problems Establishing a Partnership -- Same-Sex Couples -- Same Now as It Was Then: Late and Low Marriage Lowers Fertility -- References -- 13 Money Matters: The Economics of Fertility -- Economic Approaches to Fertility -- How Much Do Children Cost? -- High Costs of Children Can Drive Down Fertility -- Do Richer People Have More Children? -- It's Still the Economy, Stupid -- Making Childbearing More Affordable -- References -- 14 Fertility in the Aftermath of Disaster -- Catastrophic Events and Fertility -- Disaster-Related Pro-Natalism -- Disasters Can Affect "Opportunities" for Conception-Wanted or Not -- Disasters Can Cause Economic Malaise and Uncertainty About the Future -- Fertility of Displaced Persons -- Looming Threats: Pandemics and Global Warming -- Disasters Are Becoming More Relevant for Understanding Fertility -- References -- 15 New Times, Old Beliefs: Religion and Contemporary Fertility -- The Relationship Between Religion and Fertility-Then and Now -- Why Does Religion Affect Fertility? , Buddhism-The Low Fertility Religion -- The Future of (No) Religion -- Religion and the Future of Fertility -- References -- 16 Contemporary Fertility from an Evolutionary Perspective: Are the Fittest Still Surviving? -- Evolutionary Approaches to Childbearing -- How Do Evolutionary Perspectives Explain Low Fertility? -- Fertility is Genetically Heritable -- Climbing the Social Ladder, Then and Now -- Trade-off Between Social and Evolutionary "Success" -- References -- 17 How Low Will It Go? Projecting Future Fertility -- How Do Demographers Make Projections? -- How Certain Are Fertility Projections? -- Is Two the Magic Number? -- What Will the Future of Fertility Look like? -- The End of Reproduction is Unlikely, but so is a Return to Replacement Fertility in Richer Countries -- References -- 18 Fertility, Population Growth, and Population Composition -- Population Growth Across Human Existence -- Fertility Now Matters More for Population Growth -- Population Growth and Human Welfare: The Pessimists and Optimists -- Fertility, the Natural Environment, and Climate Change -- Shifting Characteristics of the Global Population -- Fertility and Population Aging -- Fertility Shapes Our Shared Future -- References -- 19 Fertility Policies: Past, Present, and Future Directions -- What Constitutes a Fertility Policy? -- Fertility Policies of the Past -- Contemporary Fertility Policies -- Do Fertility Policies Make a Difference? -- Challenges to Government Intervention -- What Countries Should Be Doing -- References -- 20 Low-But Not Too Low-Fertility Is a Good Thing -- References -- Glossary

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Skirbekk, Vegard Decline and Prosper! Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2022 ISBN 9783030916107

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Soziologie

Schlagwort(e): Fertilität ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Bevölkerungspolitik

UID:

Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource(XXXIII, 396 p. 36 illus., 5 illus. in color.)

Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2022.

ISBN: 9783030916114

Inhalt: Introduction -- Measuring Fertility -- How Many Children Can Humans Have Biologically? -- Fertility from the Dawn of Humanity through the 19th Century -- The Demographic Transition: Fewer Deaths and Fewer Births, Eventually.-Contemporary Global Fertility.The New Have-Nots: Childlessness in the 21st Century -- More Education, Fewer Children -- An Era of Choice: Childbearing Has Become More Planned -- Fertility Preferences: How Many Children Do People Want? -- Delaying Parenthood, For Better and For Worse -- Finding a Mate: Contemporary Partnership and Conception -- Money Matters: The Economics of Fertility -- Fertility in the Aftermath of Disaster -- New Times, Old Beliefs: Religion and Contemporary Fertility -- Contemporary Fertility from an Evolutionary Perspective: Are the Fittest Still Surviving? -- How Low Will It Go? Projecting Future Fertility -- Fertility, Population Growth and Population Composition -- Fertility Policies: Past, Present, and Future Directions -- Low – But Not Too Low – Fertility is a Good Thing.

Inhalt: Globally, women are having half as many children as they had just fifty years ago. Why have birth rates fallen, and how will low fertility affect our shared future? In Decline and Prosper!, demographic expert Vegard Skirbekk offers readers an accessible, comprehensive and evidence-based overview of human reproduction. Readers learn about the evolution of childbearing across different populations and how fertility is related to (changes in) our reproductive capacity, contraception, education, religion, partnering, policies, economics, assisted reproduction, and catastrophes. Readers will explore the future of family size and its impact on human welfare, women’s empowerment and the environment. Skirbekk argues that low fertility is on the whole a good thing, while recognizing the challenges of population aging and “coincidental” childlessness. A balanced, integrative examination of one of the most important issues of our time, Decline and Prosper! drives home the fact that we must ultimately adapt to a world with fewer children. The book will be invaluable to anyone who is interested in the far-reaching effects of global fertility, including researchers and students of demography, social statistics, medical sociologists, family and childhood studies, human geographers, sociology of culture, social and public policy.

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9783030916107

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9783030916121

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 9783030916107

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 9783030916121

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91611-4

URL: lizenzpflichtig

UID:

Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxiii, 396 Seiten) : , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karte.

ISBN: 978-3-030-91611-4

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-030-91610-7

Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-030-91612-1

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Soziologie

Schlagwort(e): Fertilität ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Bevölkerungspolitik

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91611-4

URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)