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Format: 1 online resource (444 pages)

ISBN: 9783319104256

Note: Intro -- Glossary and Abbreviations -- Contents -- Editor Bios and Contributors -- Editor Bios -- Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Planning and Climate Change: Concepts, Approaches, Design -- Introduction -- Climate Change and the City: A Complex Relationship -- From Sustainability to Climate Change: Towards a New Approach -- Mitigation and Adaptation in the European Agenda -- Towards Urban Adaptation -- A New Role for Planning -- New Concepts -- Conclusions: Building Urban Adaptation - The Main Role of Planners -- References -- Introduction -- Introduction -- Part I: The Urban Heat Island: Evidence, Measures and Tools -- Chapter 1: Forecasting Models for Urban Warming in Climate Change -- 1.1 General Introduction -- 1.2 Overview of Models and Tools -- 1.3 Case Studies -- 1.3.1 Projections of Climate Trends for Urban Areas in Central Europe Using WRF -- 1.3.1.1 Introduction -- 1.3.1.2 Data and Methods -- 1.3.1.3 Results -- 1.3.1.4 Conclusion -- References -- 1.3.2 Human-Biometeorological Assessment of Changing Conditions in the Region of Stuttgart in the Twenty-First Century -- 1.3.2.1 Data and Methods -- 1.3.2.2 Results -- References -- 1.3.3 Urban Climate Modelling with SURFEX/TEB at the Hungarian Meteorological Service -- 1.3.3.1 Introduction -- 1.3.3.2 Methodology -- 1.3.3.3 Results -- 1.3.3.3.1 Budapest -- 1.3.3.3.2 Szeged -- 1.3.3.4 Summary -- References -- 1.3.4 Regional Climate Modelling Considering the Effect of Urbanization on Climate Change in Central Europe -- 1.3.4.1 Introduction -- 1.3.4.2 Background of Modelling for Europe -- 1.3.4.3 Urban Parameterization and Experimental Setup -- 1.3.4.4 Results -- 1.3.4.5 Conclusions -- References -- 1.3.5 Statistical Downscaling Techniques Applied to ENSEMBLES GCMs: Bologna-Modena Case Study -- 1.3.5.1 Introduction -- 1.3.5.2 Data and Methods -- 1.3.5.3 Results. , 1.3.5.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Urban Heat Island Gold Standard and Urban Heat Island Atlas -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Concepts -- 2.3 Planning a Representative Urban Climate Station Network -- 2.4 Exposure of Instruments -- 2.4.1 Temperature -- 2.4.2 Humidity -- 2.4.3 Wind Speed and Direction -- 2.4.4 Precipitation -- 2.4.5 Solar Radiation -- 2.5 Measurement Programs in Urban Environments -- 2.6 Site Description for METADATA -- 2.7 Data Transmission and Data Management -- 2.8 The Central-European Urban Heat Island Atlas -- 2.8.1 UHI Atlas and its database -- 2.8.2 High Resolution (< -- 0.5 km) Raster Data and Vector Data -- 2.8.2.1 Corine Land Cover -- 2.8.2.2 Land Cover/Land Use for Cities Included in Project (Urban Atlas) -- 2.8.2.3 Digital Elevation Data SRTM -- 2.9 Raster Data with Low Resolution (≥0.5 km) -- 2.9.1 MODIS NDVI Images -- 2.9.2 MODIS LST Images -- 2.9.3 VIIRS Night Scene Images -- 2.9.4 Air Temperature (2 m Above the Ground) -- 2.10 The Data from the Partners -- 2.11 Summary -- References -- Chapter 3: Methodologies for UHI Analysis -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Urban Heat Island in Central Europe -- 3.3 Short-Term Analyses of the Observations -- 3.4 Long-Term Analyses of the Observations -- 3.5 Modelling Efforts -- 3.6 A Systematic Framework for the Representation of Urban Variables -- 3.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Relevance of Thermal Indices for the Assessment of the Urban Heat Island -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Methods and Data -- 4.2.1 Physiologically Equivalent Temperature -- 4.2.2 Universal Thermal Climate Index -- 4.3 Exemplary Results -- 4.4 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Decision Support Systems for Urban Planning -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Development of the UHI Project's DSS -- 5.3 UHI's Decision Support System -- 5.3.1 Structure -- 5.3.2 The Interface. , 5.3.3 Project Logical Framework -- 5.3.4 The Consultation Tool -- 5.3.5 The DSS -- 5.4 DSS Input -- 5.4.1 WP3 -- 5.4.2 WP4 -- 5.4.3 WP5 Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies -- 5.5 Main Acronyms -- Reference -- Part II: Pilot Actions in European Cities -- Chapter 6: UHI in the Metropolitan Cluster of Bologna-­Modena: Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies -- 6.1 Implementing Solutions for Climate Change in Urban Context -- 6.2 The Metropolitan Cluster Of Bologna-Modena -- 6.2.1 Urban and Environmental Framework -- 6.2.2 Pilot Area Identification Methodology and Description -- 6.2.3 UHI Phenomenon in the Urban Area of Modena and Application of Models to Simulate Mitigation Measures -- 6.2.4 Experimental Environmental Quality Index to Assess the UHI's Mitigation Actions in a Building Lot -- 6.2.5 Adaptation Strategy to Heat Risk: Assessment of a Possible Development of the Heat Risk Alert System Based on the Use of Emergency Ambulance Data -- 6.2.5.1 Alert System -- 6.2.5.2 Emilia-Romagna Regional Government Coordination Actions -- 6.2.5.3 Proposed Pilot Action: Preliminary Assessment of a Possible Development of the Heat Risk Alert System Based on the Use of Emergency Ambulance Data -- 6.2.6 Conclusions -- 6.3 Next Steps -- Appendices -- Appendix A -- Review of the Different Rules and Regulation Set Up by Emilia-­Romagna Local Government -- Resolution of the Regional Council n. 344 of 14th March 2011 -- Resolution of the Regional Assembly n. 28 of 10th December 2010 -- Resolution of the Regional Assembly n. 1570 of 26th July 2011 -- Resolution of the Regional Assembly n. 50 of 26th July 2011 -- Resolution of the Regional Assembly n. 156 of 4th March 2008 -- Regional Law n. 26 of 23rd December 2004 "Discipline of the Territorial Energy Planning and Other Energy Related Provisions" -- Regional Energy Plan (PER) -- Regional Territorial Plan (PTR). , The Integrated Transports Regional Plan (PRIT) Approved in 1998 -- Environmental Action Plan -- Incentives, Financing and Regulatory Actions in Support of Environmental Restoration, Energy Conservation and Reduction of the Phenomena Related to Climate Change Put in Act from Your Local Authorities to Facilitate a Sustainable Land Use (Local Author -- Implementation of the Directive 2001/42/EC on the Assessment of the Environmental Effects of Plans and Programmes -- Appendix B -- Technical Content of the Requirement on Control of Solar Energy Intake -- Need -- Scope -- Performance Level -- Summer Sunshine -- Winter Sunshine -- Method of Verification at the Design Stage -- Method of Verification at Work Completed -- Appendix C -- 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 3.1 Product Characteristics -- 3.2 Types of Actions -- 3.3 Data Entry (Actual State - Planned State) -- 4 -- 4.1 Phenomena Analysis Methodology -- 4.2 Simulation of Plants -- 4.3 Index Output -- 5 -- 5.1 Index Output -- 6 -- 6.1 Indexes and Economic Assessment of Planning Solutions -- 7 -- 8 -- 8.1 Limits to the Granting of Bonuses and Awards -- References -- Chapter 7: The Urban Corridor of Venice and The Case of Padua -- 7.1 Urban and Environmental Framework -- 7.2 Pilot Areas Identification Methodology -- 7.3 UHI Phenomena in the Pilot Area -- 7.3.1 Mobile Surveys -- 7.3.2 In Situ Measurements -- 7.4 Feasibility Study: UHI Mitigation Strategies by Simulations -- References -- Chapter 8: Mitigation of and Adaptation to UHI Phenomena: The Padua Case Study -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Analysis Methods: Traditional Surveys and Remote Sensing -- 8.3 Feasibility Study -- 8.4 The Pilot Area as Testing Ground for the Veneto Region -- 8.5 Possible Transformations of the Pilot Area -- 8.5.1 Outdoor Public Spaces -- 8.5.2 Public Green Spaces: Create New Traffic Islands and Plant New Trees -- 8.5.3 Private Outdoor Spaces. , 8.5.4 Post-scenario Intervention -- Bibliography -- Focus A: Energy and Urban Form -- Bibliography -- Focus B: Using Aerial Photogrammetry for Urban Sustainability Analysis -- Step One -- Step Two -- Step Three -- Bibliography -- Focus C: Urban Sprawl and Measures for Environmental Sustainability -- Urban Sprawl: Characteristics and Impacts -- 8.1.1 Measures and Tools for Sprawl Containment -- Chapter 9: Pilot Action City of Vienna - UHI-STRAT Vienna -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 A Consistent Strategy for UHI in Urban Planning -- 9.2.1 Consolidation at the European and the National Level -- 9.2.2 Strategic Approach to UHI-Relevant Aspects in Vienna -- 9.3 UHI and the Urban Climate in Vienna - Status Quo and Future Developments -- 9.4 Fields of Action for UHI-STRAT Vienna - City-Wide Actions and Actions for Individual Lots and Buildings -- 9.4.1 Awareness Building, Information and Public Relations -- 9.4.2 Urban Structure, Large-Scale Strategic Measures -- 9.4.3 Specific Technical and Structural Measures -- 9.5 Level of Action - From Master Plan to Project -- 9.5.1 Master Plans and Urban Planning Mission Statements -- 9.5.2 Strategic Environmental Assessment and Environmental Impact Assessment -- 9.5.3 Land Use and Building Development Planning -- 9.5.4 Planning and Development of Public Green and Open Space -- 9.5.5 Developer Competitions, Housing Initiatives and Public Housing Construction -- 9.5.6 Planning and Development of Public Utility Buildings -- 9.5.7 Subsidising Measures -- 9.6 Feasibility Studies -- 9.6.1 People's Attitude Towards Heat in the City -- 9.6.2 Feasibility Study for the Urban Development Master Plan -- 9.6.2.1 UHI-Relevant Links in the Master Plan Process -- 9.6.2.2 UHI Measures in the Master Plan for "Nordbahnstraße - Innstraße" -- 9.6.2.3 Modelling Measures and Their Impact with the Example of "Nordbahnstraße - Innstraße". , 9.6.3 Feasibility Study at the Level of Land-Use and Building Development Planning.

Additional Edition: Print version: Musco, Francesco Counteracting Urban Heat Island Effects in a Global Climate Change Scenario Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2016 ISBN 9783319104249

Language: English

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UID:

Format: LIII, 400 p. 213 illus., 181 illus. in color. , online resource.

ISBN: 9783319104256

Content: Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) are a microclimatic phenomenon which manifests as a significant increase in the temperature of cities compared to their surrounding areas. Recently the phenomenon has been enforced by the tendency to climate change and in particular by extreme climate events. This book presents and analyzes the results of a project to develop and apply mitigation and adaptation strategies and measures for counteracting the global urban heat islands phenomenon, supported by the EU’s Central Europe Regional Development Fund. Pilot studies were carried out in eight metropolitan areas: Bologna/Modena, Budapest, Ljubljana, Lodz, Prague, Stuttgart, Venice/Padua, and Vienna. The project involved feasibility studies and strategies for appropriately altering planning rules and governance to tackle the problem of UHIs, and focused on the specific morphology of EU urban areas, which are often characterized by the presence of historical old towns. The first part of the book is devoted to evidence, measures and tools, including tools to facilitate UHI analysis and decision support systems. The second part explores measures for counteracting urban heat islands, including specific analysis of the case studies and offering solutions for European cities. The volume includes supplemental materials such as references, glossaries and keyword lists. The UHI management plans developed here can be integrated into national and regional sustainable development approaches for urban and land planning. They can also contribute to the application of innovative urban planning techniques that foster a new “climate proof” planning approach in European cities. UHI project has been implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF.

Note: Part I The Urban Heat Island – Evidence, Measures and Tools -- Forecasting Models for Urban Warming in Climate Change -- Assessment Indication and Gold Standard -- Methodologies for UHI Analysis -- Decision Support Systems for Urban Planning -- Part II Pilot Actions in European Cities -- Counteracting Urban Heat Islands: Solutions for European Cities. .

In: Springer eBooks

Additional Edition: Printed edition: ISBN 9783319104249

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10425-6

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10425-6

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10425-6

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (LIII, 400 p. 213 illus., 181 illus. in color.)

Edition: 1st ed. 2016.

ISBN: 3-319-10425-X

Content: Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) are a microclimatic phenomenon which manifests as a significant increase in the temperature of cities compared to their surrounding areas. Recently the phenomenon has been enforced by the tendency to climate change and in particular by extreme climate events. This book presents and analyzes the results of a project to develop and apply mitigation and adaptation strategies and measures for counteracting the global urban heat islands phenomenon, supported by the EU’s Central Europe Regional Development Fund. Pilot studies were carried out in eight metropolitan areas: Bologna/Modena, Budapest, Ljubljana, Lodz, Prague, Stuttgart, Venice/Padua, and Vienna. The project involved feasibility studies and strategies for appropriately altering planning rules and governance to tackle the problem of UHIs, and focused on the specific morphology of EU urban areas, which are often characterized by the presence of historical old towns. The first part of the book is devoted to evidence, measures and tools, including tools to facilitate UHI analysis and decision support systems. The second part explores measures for counteracting urban heat islands, including specific analysis of the case studies and offering solutions for European cities. The volume includes supplemental materials such as references, glossaries and keyword lists. The UHI management plans developed here can be integrated into national and regional sustainable development approaches for urban and land planning. They can also contribute to the application of innovative urban planning techniques that foster a new “climate proof” planning approach in European cities. UHI project has been implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF.

Note: Part I The Urban Heat Island – Evidence, Measures and Tools -- Forecasting Models for Urban Warming in Climate Change -- Assessment Indication and Gold Standard -- Methodologies for UHI Analysis -- Decision Support Systems for Urban Planning -- Part II Pilot Actions in European Cities -- Counteracting Urban Heat Islands: Solutions for European Cities. . , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 3-319-10424-1

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10425-6

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (LIII, 400 p. 213 illus., 181 illus. in color.)

Edition: 1st ed. 2016.

ISBN: 3-319-10425-X

Content: Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) are a microclimatic phenomenon which manifests as a significant increase in the temperature of cities compared to their surrounding areas. Recently the phenomenon has been enforced by the tendency to climate change and in particular by extreme climate events. This book presents and analyzes the results of a project to develop and apply mitigation and adaptation strategies and measures for counteracting the global urban heat islands phenomenon, supported by the EU’s Central Europe Regional Development Fund. Pilot studies were carried out in eight metropolitan areas: Bologna/Modena, Budapest, Ljubljana, Lodz, Prague, Stuttgart, Venice/Padua, and Vienna. The project involved feasibility studies and strategies for appropriately altering planning rules and governance to tackle the problem of UHIs, and focused on the specific morphology of EU urban areas, which are often characterized by the presence of historical old towns. The first part of the book is devoted to evidence, measures and tools, including tools to facilitate UHI analysis and decision support systems. The second part explores measures for counteracting urban heat islands, including specific analysis of the case studies and offering solutions for European cities. The volume includes supplemental materials such as references, glossaries and keyword lists. The UHI management plans developed here can be integrated into national and regional sustainable development approaches for urban and land planning. They can also contribute to the application of innovative urban planning techniques that foster a new “climate proof” planning approach in European cities. UHI project has been implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF.

Note: Part I The Urban Heat Island – Evidence, Measures and Tools -- Forecasting Models for Urban Warming in Climate Change -- Assessment Indication and Gold Standard -- Methodologies for UHI Analysis -- Decision Support Systems for Urban Planning -- Part II Pilot Actions in European Cities -- Counteracting Urban Heat Islands: Solutions for European Cities. . , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 3-319-10424-1

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10425-6

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (LIII, 400 p. 213 illus., 181 illus. in color.)

Edition: 1st ed. 2016.

ISBN: 3-319-10425-X

Content: Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) are a microclimatic phenomenon which manifests as a significant increase in the temperature of cities compared to their surrounding areas. Recently the phenomenon has been enforced by the tendency to climate change and in particular by extreme climate events. This book presents and analyzes the results of a project to develop and apply mitigation and adaptation strategies and measures for counteracting the global urban heat islands phenomenon, supported by the EU’s Central Europe Regional Development Fund. Pilot studies were carried out in eight metropolitan areas: Bologna/Modena, Budapest, Ljubljana, Lodz, Prague, Stuttgart, Venice/Padua, and Vienna. The project involved feasibility studies and strategies for appropriately altering planning rules and governance to tackle the problem of UHIs, and focused on the specific morphology of EU urban areas, which are often characterized by the presence of historical old towns. The first part of the book is devoted to evidence, measures and tools, including tools to facilitate UHI analysis and decision support systems. The second part explores measures for counteracting urban heat islands, including specific analysis of the case studies and offering solutions for European cities. The volume includes supplemental materials such as references, glossaries and keyword lists. The UHI management plans developed here can be integrated into national and regional sustainable development approaches for urban and land planning. They can also contribute to the application of innovative urban planning techniques that foster a new “climate proof” planning approach in European cities. UHI project has been implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF.

Note: Part I The Urban Heat Island – Evidence, Measures and Tools -- Forecasting Models for Urban Warming in Climate Change -- Assessment Indication and Gold Standard -- Methodologies for UHI Analysis -- Decision Support Systems for Urban Planning -- Part II Pilot Actions in European Cities -- Counteracting Urban Heat Islands: Solutions for European Cities. . , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 3-319-10424-1

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10425-6

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource (LIII, 400 p. 213 illus., 181 illus. in color)

ISBN: 9783319104256

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druckausgabe ISBN 978-3-319-10424-9

Language: English

Subjects: Geography , General works

Keywords: Europa ; Stadtklima ; Hitze ; Klimaänderung ; Klimaänderung ; Stadtklima ; Auswirkung ; Klimaänderung ; Stadtklima ; Hitzebelastung ; Klimaänderung ; Anpassung ; Klimaänderung ; Stadtökologie ; Aufsatzsammlung

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10425-6

URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)