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Format: XX, 504 p. 355 illus., 277 illus. in color. , online resource.

ISBN: 9783319319032

Content: Light and light based technologies have played an important role in transforming our lives via scientific contributions spanned over thousands of years. In this book we present a vast collection of articles on various aspects of light and its applications in the contemporary world at a popular or semi-popular level. These articles are written by the world authorities in their respective fields. This is therefore a rare volume where the world experts have come together to present the developments in this most important field of science in an almost pedagogical manner. This volume covers five aspects related to light. The first presents two articles, one on the history of the nature of light, and the other on the scientific achievements of Ibn-Haitham (Alhazen), who is broadly considered the father of modern optics. These are then followed by an article on ultrafast phenomena and the invisible world. The third part includes papers on specific sources of light, the discoveries of which have revolutionized optical technologies in our lifetime. They discuss the nature and the characteristics of lasers, Solid-state lighting based on the Light Emitting Diode (LED) technology, and finally modern electron optics and its relationship to the Muslim golden age in science. The book’s fourth part discusses various applications of optics and light in today's world, including biophotonics, art, optical communication, nanotechnology, the eye as an optical instrument, remote sensing, and optics in medicine. In turn, the last part focuses on quantum optics, a modern field that grew out of the interaction of light and matter. Topics addressed include atom optics, slow, stored and stationary light, optical tests of the foundation of physics, quantum mechanical properties of light fields carrying orbital angular momentum, quantum communication, and Wave-Particle dualism in action.

Note: History -- A brief history of light -- Ibn Al-Haitham – Father of modern optics -- Optical Sources -- Femtosecond light -- Laser -- LED light -- Electron optics -- Applications -- Biophotonics -- Optical communication -- Optical astronomy -- Solar cells -- Optics in Remote Sensing -- Optics in nanotechnology -- Optics in art -- Eye -- Optics in medicine -- Optical illusions -- Quantum Optics -- Optical tests of foundations of physics -- Nonlinear Optics: Historical Perspectives and New Opportunities -- Quantum communication -- Nature of photon -- Atom optics -- Coherent effects: From EIT to slow light.

In: Springer eBooks

Additional Edition: Printed edition: ISBN 9783319319025

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books. ; Electronic books.

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-31903-2

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31903-2

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Format: 1 online resource (509 pages)

ISBN: 9783319319032

Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editors and Authors -- I History -- 1: A Very Brief History of Light -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Greeks and Antiquity -- 1.3 Islamic Period -- 1.4 Scientific Revolution -- 1.5 Light in Twentieth Century -- 1.6 Epilogue -- Bibliography -- 2: Ibn al-Haythamś Scientific Research Programme -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Between Ptolemy and Kepler: Ibn al-Haythamś Celestial Kinematics -- 2.3 Ibn al-Haythamś Reform of Optics -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- II Ultrafast Phenomena and the Invisible World -- 3: Ultrafast Light and Electrons: Imaging the Invisible -- 3.1 Origins -- 3.2 Optical Microscopy and the Phenomenon of Interference -- 3.3 The Temporal Resolution: From Visible to Invisible Objects -- 3.4 Electron Microscopy: Time-Averaged Imaging -- 3.5 2D Imaging and Visualization of Atoms -- 3.6 The Third Dimension and Biological Imaging -- 3.7 4D Ultrafast Electron Microscopy -- 3.8 Coherent Single-Electrons in Ultrafast Electron Microscopy -- 3.9 Visualization and Complexity -- 3.10 Attosecond Pulse Generation -- 3.11 Optical Gating of Electrons and Attosecond Electron Microscopy -- 3.12 Conclusion -- References -- III Optical Sources -- 4: The Laser -- 4.1 Introduction: A Laser in the Hands of Ibn al-Haytham -- 4.2 The Laser: An Optical Oscillator -- 4.2.1 Oscillators -- 4.2.2 The Optical Oscillator -- 4.2.3 Optical Amplification by Stimulated Emission -- 4.2.4 Laser Materials and Pumping Methods -- 4.3 Optical Resonators and Their Modes -- 4.3.1 Modes -- 4.3.2 The Gaussian Beam -- 4.4 Coherence of Laser Light -- 4.5 Pulsed Lasers -- 4.6 Conclusion -- Further Reading -- 5: Solid-State Lighting Based on Light Emitting Diode Technology -- 5.1 Historical Development of LEDs -- 5.2 The Importance of Nitride Materials -- 5.3 LED Basics -- 5.4 Fabrication of an LED Luminaire. , 5.4.1 Efficiency and Efficacy -- 5.5 Research Challenges -- 5.5.1 Crystal Growth -- 5.5.2 Internal Electric Field -- 5.5.3 p-Type Doping -- 5.5.4 Green Gap and Efficiency Droop -- 5.5.5 Chip Design -- 5.5.6 Generation of White Light with LEDs -- 5.5.7 LED Packaging -- 5.6 LEDs for Lighting -- 5.6.1 Quality of LED Lighting -- 5.6.2 Efficacy -- 5.6.3 Lifetime -- 5.6.4 Cost -- 5.7 LED Lighting Applications: The Present and Future -- 5.7.1 General Illumination and Energy Saving -- 5.7.2 Circadian Rhythm Lighting -- 5.8 Chapter Summary -- References -- 6: Modern Electron Optics and the Search for More Light: The Legacy of the Muslim Golden Age -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Electron Optics -- 6.3 Parallels with Optical Microscopy -- 6.4 JJ Thomson and His Discovery, the Electron -- 6.5 The Principle of Electron-Solid Interaction -- 6.6 The Basic Components of Electron Microscopes -- 6.6.1 The Electron Source -- 6.6.2 The Probe-Forming Column (Electron Lenses) -- The Specimen Chamber -- 6.6.3 The Detectors -- 6.7 Fourth-Dimension Electron Microscopy or Time-Resolved Electron Microscopy -- 6.8 Lensless Electron Microscopy -- 6.9 Application of Electron Microscopy Towards Light-Producing Devices -- 6.10 Conclusions -- References -- IV Applications -- 7: The Dawn of Quantum Biophotonics -- 7.1 Overview: Toward Quantum Agri-Biophotonics -- 7.2 Fundamental Light-Matter Interactions and Spectroscopy of Biological Systems -- 7.3 Quantum-Enhanced Remote Sensing -- 7.3.1 Anthrax Detection in Real Time -- 7.3.2 Stand-Off Spectroscopy -- 7.3.3 Detection of Plant Stress Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy -- 7.3.4 Stand-off Detection Using Laser Filaments -- 7.4 Quantum Heat Engines -- 7.4.1 The Laser and the Photovoltaic Cell as a Quantum Heat Engine -- 7.4.2 The Photo-Carnot Quantum Heat Engine -- 7.4.3 Biological Quantum Heat Engines. , 7.5 Emerging Techniques with Single Molecule Sensitivity -- 7.5.1 Coherent Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy -- 7.5.2 Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy -- 7.6 Superresolution Quantum Microscopy -- 7.6.1 Subwavelength Quantum Microscopy -- 7.6.2 Tip-Enhanced Quantum Bioimaging -- 7.7 Novel Light Sources -- 7.7.1 Fiber Sensors -- 7.7.2 Quantum Coherence in X-Ray Laser Generation -- 7.7.3 Coherent Control of Gamma Rays -- 7.8 Conclusion -- References -- 8: Optical Communication: Its History and Recent Progress -- 8.1 Historical Perspective -- 8.2 Basic Concepts Behind Optical Communication -- 8.2.1 Optical Transmitters and Receivers -- 8.2.2 Optical Fibers and Cables -- 8.2.3 Modulations Formats -- 8.2.4 Channel Multiplexing -- 8.3 Evolution of Optical Communication from 1975 to 2000 -- 8.3.1 The First Three Generations -- 8.3.2 The Fourth Generation -- 8.3.3 Bursting of the Telecom Bubble in 2000 -- 8.4 The Fifth Generation -- 8.5 The Sixth Generation -- 8.5.1 Capacity Limit of Single-Mode Fibers -- 8.5.2 Space-Division Multiplexing -- 8.6 Worldwide Fiber-Optic Communication Network -- 8.7 Conclusions -- References -- 9: Optics in Remote Sensing -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Historical Overview -- 9.2.1 Speed of Light -- 9.2.2 Fraunhofer and the Invention of Remote Sensing -- 9.2.3 Passive Remote Sensing -- 9.3 The Development of the Laser for Active Remote Sensing -- 9.4 LIDAR -- 9.4.1 The Precision Measurement of Distances -- 9.4.2 Measuring the Speed of an Object at a Distance Point -- 9.4.3 Measuring Sound Speed as a Function of Depth in the Ocean -- 9.4.4 Measuring Temperature as a Function of Depth in the Ocean -- 9.4.5 Detecting and Identifying Underwater Objects (Fish, Mines, etc.) -- 9.4.6 Trace Gas Detection -- 9.4.7 Femtosecond-Lidar Application for Influencing Weather Phenomena -- 9.4.8 Stand-Off Super-Radiant Spectroscopy -- 9.5 Conclusions. , References -- 10: Optics in Nanotechnology -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Optics in Nanometals: Nature of Interaction of Light with Metal -- 10.2.1 Plasma Model -- 10.2.2 Miniaturized Metal: Subwavelength Concentration of Light -- Bulk Material (3D) -- Thin Film or Sheet (2D) -- Nanowire (1D) -- Nanoparticles/Dot (0D) -- 10.2.3 Miniaturization-Induced Coloration of Metals -- 10.2.4 Plasmonic Lenses -- Confinement-Based Lensing -- Transmission-Based Lensing -- 10.2.5 Metamaterials: Negative Refractive Index -- 10.2.6 Heat Loss: Are Plasmonic-Based Devices Practical? -- 10.3 Optics in Nanosemiconductors -- 10.3.1 Bandgap and Excitons -- 10.3.2 Direct and Indirect Bandgap Materials -- 10.3.3 Enhancing and Blue Shifting of Luminescence by Quantum Confinement -- 10.3.4 Making Silicon Glow: Quantum Confinement -- 10.3.5 Optical Nonlinearity in Nanosilicon -- 10.3.6 Optical Gain in Nanosilicon-Based Material -- 10.4 Applications of Optics in Nanotechnology -- 10.4.1 Integration of Optics and Electronics -- 10.4.2 Confined Light in Service of Substance Detection -- 10.4.3 Nanofabrication and Nanolithography -- 10.4.4 Photovoltaics and Photocurrent -- 10.4.5 Solid State LED White Lighting -- 10.4.6 Plasmonic Hyperthermic-Based Treatment and Monitoring of Acute Disease -- 10.5 Plasmon Effect in Ancient Technology and Art -- 10.6 Alhasan Ibn Alhaytham (Alhazen) and the Nature of Light and Lusterware -- 10.7 From Alhazen to Newton to the Trio: Dispersion of Light -- 10.8 Conclusion -- References -- 11: Optics and Renaissance Art -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Analysis of Paintings -- 11.2.1 Jan van Eyck, The Arnolfini Marriage, 1434 -- 11.2.2 Lorenzo Lotto, Husband and Wife, 1523-1524 -- 11.2.3 Hans Holbein the Younger, The French Ambassadors to the English Court, 1532 -- 11.2.4 Robert Campin, The Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece), c1425-c1430. , 11.3 Conclusions -- 11.4 Acknowledgments -- References -- 12: The Eye as an Optical Instrument -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 The Anatomy of the Eye -- 12.3 The Quality of the Retinal Image -- 12.4 Peripheral Optics -- 12.5 Conclusions -- References -- 13: Optics in Medicine -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.1.1 Why Optics in Medicine? -- 13.1.2 Global Healthcare Needs and Drivers -- 13.1.3 Historical Uses of Optics in Medicine -- 13.1.4 Future Trends -- 13.2 Early and Traditional Medical Optical Instruments -- 13.2.1 Head Mirror -- 13.2.2 Otoscope -- 13.2.2.1 History of the Otoscope -- 13.2.3 Ophthalmoscope -- 13.2.4 Retinoscope -- 13.2.5 Phoropter -- 13.2.6 Laryngoscope -- 13.3 Fiber Optic Medical Devices and Applications -- 13.3.1 Optical Fiber Fundamentals -- 13.3.2 Coherent and Incoherent Optical Fiber Bundles -- 13.3.3 Illuminating Guides -- 13.3.4 Fiberscopes and Endoscopes -- 13.3.5 Fused Fiber Faceplates and Tapers for Digital X-rays -- 13.4 Conclusions -- References -- V Quantum Optics -- 14: Atom Optics in a Nutshell -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Particles or Waves? -- 14.2.1 Light -- 14.2.2 Atoms -- 14.2.3 Particles and Waves -- 14.2.4 Atoms as Waves -- 14.2.5 Cold Atoms and Molecules -- 14.3 Atomic Microscope -- 14.4 Interferences -- 14.4.1 Atom Interferences -- 14.4.2 Atom Interferometry -- 14.4.3 Fundamental Studies -- 14.4.4 BEC Atom Interferometers -- 14.5 Outlook -- References -- 15: Slow, Stored and Stationary Light -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Slow Light, Stopped Light and Stationary Light: A Simple Picture -- 15.3 A Microscopic Picture of Light Propagation in a Medium -- 15.3.1 Absorption, Emission and Refraction -- 15.3.2 Group Velocity -- 15.4 Electromagnetically Induced Transparency -- 15.5 Slow Light, Stored Light and Dark-State Polaritons -- 15.5.1 Slow Light -- 15.5.2 Stopped Light and Quantum Memories for Photons. , 15.5.3 Slow-Light Polaritons.

Additional Edition: Print version: Al-Amri, Mohammad D. Optics in Our Time Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2016 ISBN 9783319319025

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books.

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UID:

Format: 1 online resource (XX, 504 p. 355 illus., 277 illus. in color.)

Edition: 1st ed. 2016.

ISBN: 3-319-31903-5

Content: Light and light based technologies have played an important role in transforming our lives via scientific contributions spanned over thousands of years. In this book we present a vast collection of articles on various aspects of light and its applications in the contemporary world at a popular or semi-popular level. These articles are written by the world authorities in their respective fields. This is therefore a rare volume where the world experts have come together to present the developments in this most important field of science in an almost pedagogical manner. This volume covers five aspects related to light. The first presents two articles, one on the history of the nature of light, and the other on the scientific achievements of Ibn-Haitham (Alhazen), who is broadly considered the father of modern optics. These are then followed by an article on ultrafast phenomena and the invisible world. The third part includes papers on specific sources of light, the discoveries of which have revolutionized optical technologies in our lifetime. They discuss the nature and the characteristics of lasers, Solid-state lighting based on the Light Emitting Diode (LED) technology, and finally modern electron optics and its relationship to the Muslim golden age in science. The book’s fourth part discusses various applications of optics and light in today's world, including biophotonics, art, optical communication, nanotechnology, the eye as an optical instrument, remote sensing, and optics in medicine. In turn, the last part focuses on quantum optics, a modern field that grew out of the interaction of light and matter. Topics addressed include atom optics, slow, stored and stationary light, optical tests of the foundation of physics, quantum mechanical properties of light fields carrying orbital angular momentum, quantum communication, and Wave-Particle dualism in action.

Note: History -- A brief history of light -- Ibn Al-Haitham – Father of modern optics -- Optical Sources -- Femtosecond light -- Laser -- LED light -- Electron optics -- Applications -- Biophotonics -- Optical communication -- Optical astronomy -- Solar cells -- Optics in Remote Sensing -- Optics in nanotechnology -- Optics in art -- Eye -- Optics in medicine -- Optical illusions -- Quantum Optics -- Optical tests of foundations of physics -- Nonlinear Optics: Historical Perspectives and New Opportunities -- Quantum communication -- Nature of photon -- Atom optics -- Coherent effects: From EIT to slow light.

Additional Edition: ISBN 3-319-31902-7

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-31903-2

UID:

Format: xx, 504 Seiten : , Illustrationen, Diagramme.

ISBN: 978-3-319-31902-5

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 10.1007/978-3-319-31903-2

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-319-31903-2

Language: English

Subjects: Physics

URL: Volltext  (Kostenfrei)

URL: Volltext  (Kostenfrei)

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (XX, 504 p. 355 illus., 277 illus. in color.)

Edition: 1st ed. 2016.

ISBN: 3-319-31903-5

Content: Light and light based technologies have played an important role in transforming our lives via scientific contributions spanned over thousands of years. In this book we present a vast collection of articles on various aspects of light and its applications in the contemporary world at a popular or semi-popular level. These articles are written by the world authorities in their respective fields. This is therefore a rare volume where the world experts have come together to present the developments in this most important field of science in an almost pedagogical manner. This volume covers five aspects related to light. The first presents two articles, one on the history of the nature of light, and the other on the scientific achievements of Ibn-Haitham (Alhazen), who is broadly considered the father of modern optics. These are then followed by an article on ultrafast phenomena and the invisible world. The third part includes papers on specific sources of light, the discoveries of which have revolutionized optical technologies in our lifetime. They discuss the nature and the characteristics of lasers, Solid-state lighting based on the Light Emitting Diode (LED) technology, and finally modern electron optics and its relationship to the Muslim golden age in science. The book’s fourth part discusses various applications of optics and light in today's world, including biophotonics, art, optical communication, nanotechnology, the eye as an optical instrument, remote sensing, and optics in medicine. In turn, the last part focuses on quantum optics, a modern field that grew out of the interaction of light and matter. Topics addressed include atom optics, slow, stored and stationary light, optical tests of the foundation of physics, quantum mechanical properties of light fields carrying orbital angular momentum, quantum communication, and Wave-Particle dualism in action.

Note: History -- A brief history of light -- Ibn Al-Haitham – Father of modern optics -- Optical Sources -- Femtosecond light -- Laser -- LED light -- Electron optics -- Applications -- Biophotonics -- Optical communication -- Optical astronomy -- Solar cells -- Optics in Remote Sensing -- Optics in nanotechnology -- Optics in art -- Eye -- Optics in medicine -- Optical illusions -- Quantum Optics -- Optical tests of foundations of physics -- Nonlinear Optics: Historical Perspectives and New Opportunities -- Quantum communication -- Nature of photon -- Atom optics -- Coherent effects: From EIT to slow light.

Additional Edition: ISBN 3-319-31902-7

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-31903-2

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (XX, 504 p. 355 illus., 277 illus. in color.)

Edition: 1st ed. 2016.

ISBN: 3-319-31903-5

Content: Light and light based technologies have played an important role in transforming our lives via scientific contributions spanned over thousands of years. In this book we present a vast collection of articles on various aspects of light and its applications in the contemporary world at a popular or semi-popular level. These articles are written by the world authorities in their respective fields. This is therefore a rare volume where the world experts have come together to present the developments in this most important field of science in an almost pedagogical manner. This volume covers five aspects related to light. The first presents two articles, one on the history of the nature of light, and the other on the scientific achievements of Ibn-Haitham (Alhazen), who is broadly considered the father of modern optics. These are then followed by an article on ultrafast phenomena and the invisible world. The third part includes papers on specific sources of light, the discoveries of which have revolutionized optical technologies in our lifetime. They discuss the nature and the characteristics of lasers, Solid-state lighting based on the Light Emitting Diode (LED) technology, and finally modern electron optics and its relationship to the Muslim golden age in science. The book’s fourth part discusses various applications of optics and light in today's world, including biophotonics, art, optical communication, nanotechnology, the eye as an optical instrument, remote sensing, and optics in medicine. In turn, the last part focuses on quantum optics, a modern field that grew out of the interaction of light and matter. Topics addressed include atom optics, slow, stored and stationary light, optical tests of the foundation of physics, quantum mechanical properties of light fields carrying orbital angular momentum, quantum communication, and Wave-Particle dualism in action.

Note: History -- A brief history of light -- Ibn Al-Haitham – Father of modern optics -- Optical Sources -- Femtosecond light -- Laser -- LED light -- Electron optics -- Applications -- Biophotonics -- Optical communication -- Optical astronomy -- Solar cells -- Optics in Remote Sensing -- Optics in nanotechnology -- Optics in art -- Eye -- Optics in medicine -- Optical illusions -- Quantum Optics -- Optical tests of foundations of physics -- Nonlinear Optics: Historical Perspectives and New Opportunities -- Quantum communication -- Nature of photon -- Atom optics -- Coherent effects: From EIT to slow light.

Additional Edition: ISBN 3-319-31902-7

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-31903-2

UID:

Format: 1 electronic resource (xx, 504 pages) : , illustrations (chiefly colour).

ISBN: 9783319319025 , 3319319027 , 9783319811482 , 3319811487 , 9783319319032 , 3319319035

Content: MACHINE-GENERATED SUMMARY NOTE: "Light and light based technologies have played an important role in transforming our lives via scientific contributions spanned over thousands of years. In this book we present a vast collection of articles on various aspects of light and its applications in the contemporary world at a popular or semi-popular level. These articles are written by the world authorities in their respective fields. This is therefore a rare volume where the world experts have come together to present the developments in this most important field of science in an almost pedagogical manner. This volume covers five aspects related to light. The first presents two articles, one on the history of the nature of light, and the other on the scientific achievements of Ibn-Haitham (Alhazen), who is broadly considered the father of modern optics. These are then followed by an article on ultrafast phenomena and the invisible world. The third part includes papers on specific sources of light, the discoveries of which have revolutionized optical technologies in our lifetime. They discuss the nature and the characteristics of lasers, Solid-state lighting based on the Light Emitting Diode (LED) technology, and finally modern electron optics and its relationship to the Muslim golden age in science. The book's fourth part discusses various applications of optics and light in today's world, including biophotonics, art, optical communication, nanotechnology, the eye as an optical instrument, remote sensing, and optics in medicine. In turn, the last part focuses on quantum optics, a modern field that grew out of the interaction of light and matter. Topics addressed include atom optics, slow, stored and stationary light, optical tests of the foundation of physics, quantum mechanical properties of light fields carrying orbital angular momentum, quantum communication, and Wave-Particle dualism in action."

Language: English

Keywords: Edited volumes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-31903-2

URL: FULL

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource (XX, 504 p. 355 illus., 277 illus. in color)

ISBN: 9783319319032

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druckausgabe ISBN 978-3-319-31902-5

Language: English

Subjects: Physics

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-31903-2

URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)