UID:
almahu_9948025546402882
Umfang:
1 online resource (431 p.)
Ausgabe:
1st edition
ISBN:
1-281-05049-0
,
9786611050498
,
0-08-047661-9
Inhalt:
To endow computers with common sense is one of the major long-term goals of Artificial Intelligence research. One approach to this problem is to formalize commonsense reasoning using mathematical logic. Commonsense Reasoning is a detailed, high-level reference on logic-based commonsense reasoning. It uses the event calculus, a highly powerful and usable tool for commonsense reasoning, which Erik T. Mueller demonstrates as the most effective tool for the broadest range of applications. He provides an up-to-date work promoting the use of the event calculus for commonsense reasoning, and bringing
Anmerkung:
Description based upon print version of record.
,
Front cover; About the Author; Title page; Copyright page; Table of contents; Foreword; Preface; Why Commonsense Reasoning?; Approach; Intended Audience; Roadmap; Material Covered; Supplemental Materials; Web Site and Reasoning Programs; Exercises and Solutions; Text and Figure Acknowledgments; Acknowledgments; 1 Introduction; What Is Commonsense Reasoning?; Key Issues of Commonsense Reasoning; Summary; Brief History of Commonsense Reasoning; Logical Methods; Nonlogical Methods; The Event Calculus; Events, Fluents, and Timepoints; A Simple Example; Automated Event Calculus Reasoning
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Bibliographic NotesPart I Foundations; 2 The Event Calculus; First-Order Logic; Syntax of First-Order Logic; Semantics of First-Order Logic; Proof Theory; Many-Sorted First-Order Logic; Notational Conventions; Event Calculus Basics; Event Calculus Sorts; Event Calculus Predicates; States of a Fluent; Event Calculus Axiomatizations; The (Continuous) Event Calculus; The Discrete Event Calculus; Choosing between the Event Calculus and the Discrete Event Calculus; Reification; Unique Names Axioms; Conditions; Circumscription; Computing Circumscription; Example: Circumscription of Happens
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Example: Circumscription of InitiatesDomain Descriptions; Example: Sleep; Inconsistency; Reasoning Types; Deduction and Temporal Projection; Abduction and Planning; Example: Sleep Abduction; Postdiction; Model Finding; Bibliographic Notes; Exercises; Part II Commonsense Phenomena; 3 The Effects of Events; Positive and Negative Effect Axioms; Example: Telephone; Effect Axiom Idioms; Preconditions; Fluent Preconditions; Action Preconditions; Example: Walking through a Door; State Constraints; Example: Telephone Revisited; Bibliographic Notes; Exercises; 4 The Triggering of Events
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Trigger AxiomsExample: Alarm Clock; Preventing Repeated Triggering; Example: Bank Account Service Fee; Triggered Fluents; Bibliographic Notes; Exercises; 5 The Commonsense Law of Inertia; Representation of the Commonsense Law of Inertia; Frame Problem; Classical Frame Axioms; Explanation Closure Axioms; Minimizing Event Occurrences; Introduction of Initiates Predicate; Minimizing Event Effects; Introduction of Terminates Predicate; Discussion; Representing Release from the Commonsense Law of Inertia; Example: Yale Shooting Scenario; Releasing from Inertia; Restoring Inertia
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Explanation Closure Axioms for ReleasedAtExample: Russian Turkey Scenario; Release Axioms; Bibliographic Notes; Exercises; 6 Indirect Effects of Events; Effect Axioms; Example: Carrying a Book; Discussion; Primitive and Derived Fluents; Example: Device; Release Axioms and State Constraints; Example: Carrying a Book Revisited; Effect Constraints; Example: Carrying a Book Revisited; Causal Constraints; Example: Thielscher's Circuit; Trigger Axioms; Example: Thielscher's Circuit with Delays; Example: Shanahan's Circuit with Delays; Bibliographic Notes; Exercises; 7 Continuous Change
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Trajectory Axioms
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English
Weitere Ausg.:
ISBN 0-12-369388-8
Sprache:
Englisch
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