UID:
almafu_9960800606402883
Umfang:
1 online resource (400 pages)
ISBN:
9788024645216
Inhalt:
Lasting from around 4800 to 4000 BCE, the Lengyel culture helped usher in the Copper Age in Central Europe with the rise of mining, craft production, and the trading of copper and obsidian, in addition to larger-scale farming. In Health and Disease in the Neolithic Lengyel Culture, the authors investigate the migration of the Lengyel people as they moved west from their place of origin in modern-day Hungary to areas in what is now the Czech Republic and Poland. By drawing on research into the trace elements of strontium, carbon, and nitrogen found in human bone tissue, as well paleopathological analyses of congenital defects, this book proves that the Lengyel migration occurred in waves, providing important details about the changes in the diet, health, and mobility of a people who were crucial to the development of early European civilization
Anmerkung:
Cover -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- 1. Introduction (Václav Smrčka) -- 1.1 Definition of the Neolithic Demographic Transition -- 1.2 Adoption of Farming: Insect Patterns, the Origin of Complex Society -- 1.3 Archaeological Evidence of the Neolithic Diet -- 1.4 Biological Evidence of the Neolithic Diet -- 1.4.1 Trace Element Analyses -- 1.4.2 Isotopic Analyses-Distinguishing Neolithic Migratory Populations -- 1.5 Agriculture, the Probable Reason for Bone Pathology -- 1.5.1 Manifestation of Shortage and Disease -- 1.6 Agriculture and Zoonoses -- 1.7 The Aim of this Publication -- 1.8 Summary of Individual Chapters -- 2. The Lengyel Culture in Hungary (Olivér Gábor) -- 2.1 Time and Territorial Boundaries -- 2.1.1 Area -- 2.1.2 Origin, Spread, Dating and Periods of the Culture -- 2.2 Sites -- 2.2.1 Settlements -- 2.2.2 Cemeteries -- 2.2.3 Zengővárkony (Settlement and Burial Site) -- 2.3 Pottery -- 2.4 Metallurgy -- 2.5 Everyday Life Utensils and Craftsmens' Tools -- 2.6 Archaeozoological Evidence of Changes in Abundance of Animals in Late Neolithic and Eneolithic (Chalcolithic) Period -- 2.7 Beliefs and Circular Ditch Systems -- 2.8 Society, Ethnicity -- 2.9 Analyzed Graves -- 2.9.1 Zengővárkony -- 2.9.2 Villánykővesd -- 3. Lengyel Culture Sites in Baranya and Tolna County: Paleopathologicaand Archaeological Description -- 3.1 Zengővárkony -- 3.1.1 Palaeopathological Analysis (Václav Smrčka, Zdenka Musilová, Vítězslav Kuželka) -- 3.1.2 Gender Roles of the Makers of the Lengyel Culture in Terms of the Zengővárkony Grave Finds (Eva Čermáková) -- 3.2 Villánykővesd: Archaeological and Anthropological Description, Paleopathologic Analysis (Václav Smrčka, Zdenka Musilová) -- 3.2.1 Archaeological and Anthropological Description -- 3.2.2 Paleopathological Characteristic of the Analysed Collection (N = 23).
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3.3 Belvárdgyula-Szarkahegy: Archaeological Description and Paleopathologic Analysis (Václav Smrčka and Zdenka Musilová) -- 3.3.1 Archaeological Description -- 3.3.2 Paleopathological Analysis (N = 21) -- 3.4 Belvárdgyula-Szarkahegy: Results of the Macroscopical and Histological Examination (Ctibor Povýšil and Václav Smrčka) -- 3.4.1 Macroscopical Findings (Václav Smrčka) -- 3.4.2 Histological Examination (Ctibor Povýšil) -- 3.5 The Burial of a Woman of Lengyel Culture with Perimortem Trauma of Lower Extremities at Borjád-Kenderföld (Václav Smrčka, Zdenka Musilová, Csilla Gáti) -- 3.5.1 Site Summary. Based on the Archaeological Find -- 3.5.2 Osteology -- 3.5.3 Strontium Analysis -- 3.6 Alsónyék-Bátaszék: Paleopathological Examination of the Late Neolithic Site Excavated at Alsónyék-Bátaszék (Kitti Köhler) -- 3.6.1 Introduction -- 3.6.2 Material -- 3.6.3 Methods -- 3.6.4 Results -- 3.7 Artificial Deformation of Teeth in Lengyel Culture (Václav Smrčka, Zdenka Musilová, Štefan Rástočný, David Dick) -- 4. Carbon and Nitrogen Analysis: Zengővárkony and Villánykővesd (Václav Smrčka, Jakub Trubač, Martin Hill, Zdenka Musilová, Lenka Půtová, Sylva Drtikolová Kaupová, Štefan Rástočný) -- 4.1 Zengővárkony -- 4.2 Villánykővesd -- 5. Strontium Analysis: Zengővárkony, Villánykővesd, Belvárdgyula, Borjád-Kenderföld (Václav Smrčka, Jakub Trubač, Zdenka Musilová, Martin Hill, Lenka Půtová, Štefan Rástočný) -- 5.1 Zengővárkony -- 5.2 Villánykővesd -- 5.3 Belvárdgyula -- 5.4 Borjád-Kenderföld -- 6. Villánykővesd and Zengővárkony: Trace Elements in Tooth Enamel and Femurs of the Lengyel Culture (Václav Smrčka, Martin Mihaljevič, Jakub Trubač, Zdenka Musilová, Martin Hill, Lenka Půtová, Štefan Rástočný, Ivo Němec) -- 7. Lengyel Culture in Moravia (Zdeněk Hájek, Alžběta Čerevková).
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8. Anthropological Analysis of Skeletal Remains of People of the Lengyel Culture in Moravia (Martina Fojtová, Zdeněk Tvrdý, Ivana Jarošová) -- 9. Survey of Bone Diseases in Moravian Neolithic Cultures (Václav Smrčka, Zdeněk Tvrdý) -- 10. Comparison of the Diet of the Lengyel Culture with those of Earlier Neolithic Cultures of Moravia: Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Analysis (Václav Smrčka, František Bůzek, Jarmila Zocová, Ivan Zoc, Marta Dočkalová) -- 10.1 Těšetice-Kyjovice: Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Analysis -- 10.2 Moravian Neolithic Settlements: Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Analysis and Trace Element Analysis -- 11. Neolithic Human Migration of Moravia in Strontium Isotopes (Vojtěch Erban, Václav Smrčka, Marta Dočkalová) -- 12. Trace Elements in Bones of the Neolithic Cultures of Moravia (Václav Smrčka, Martin Mihaljevič, Jarmila Zocová, Ivan Zoc, Ivo Němec) -- 13. Conclusion: The Lifestyle and Morbidity of the Lengyel Culture (Václav Smrčka) -- 13.1 The Life Cycle in the Lengyel Culture Age Groups -- 13.1.1 Infants -- 13.1.2 Children -- 13.1.3 Juvenis -- 13.1.4 Adultus -- 13.1.5 Maturus -- 13.1.6 Males -- 13.1.7 Females -- 13.2 Differences of the LgC Lifestyle from the Early Neolithic LPC and SPC Cultures -- 13.2.1 Metal -- 13.2.2 Aggression in the Lengyel Culture -- 13.2.3 Diet, Mobility and Bone Health in LgC -- 13.2.4 Occupations in LgC -- 13.2.5 Artificial Deformation of Teeth -- 13.3 Pathological Profile of the Lengyel Culture in Various Regions -- 13.3.1 Congenital Defects -- 13.3.2 Degenerative Joint Diseases -- 13.3.3 Trauma -- 13.3.4 Nonspecific Inflammations -- 13.3.5 Specific Inflammations -- 13.3.6 Anaemia -- 13.3.7 Benign Tumours -- 13.3.8 Malignant Tumours -- 13.3.9 Spreading of Zoonoses and the Beginnings of the Decline of the Neolithic Lifestyle -- Appendix: Methodology -- Bibliography -- List of Contributors.
Weitere Ausg.:
Print version: Smrčka, Václav Health and Disease in the Neolithic Lengyel Culture Prague : Karolinum Press,c2022 ISBN 9788024645148
Sprache:
Englisch
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