Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (192 pages)

Ausgabe: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9783319785035

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Objectives -- Organisation of Book Chapters -- Intended Readers -- Limitations -- Book Project During Sabbatical Stay in Sydney -- Aims -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Early Work and Review Articles -- 2 The History of the Patient Record and the Paper Record -- 2.1 The Egyptians and the Greeks -- 2.2 The Arabs -- 2.3 The Swedes -- 2.4 The Paper Based Patient Record -- 2.5 Greek and Latin Used in the Patient Record -- 2.6 Summary of the History of the Patient Record and the Paper Record -- 3 User Needs: Clinicians, Clinical Researchers and Hospital Management -- 3.1 Reading and Retrieving Efficiency of Patient Records -- 3.2 Natural Language Processing on Clinical Text -- 3.3 Electronic Patient Record System -- 3.4 Different User Groups -- 3.5 Summary -- 4 Characteristics of Patient Records and Clinical Corpora -- 4.1 Patient Records -- 4.2 Pathology Reports -- 4.3 Spelling Errors in Clinical Text -- 4.4 Abbreviations -- 4.5 Acronyms -- 4.6 Assertions -- 4.6.1 Negations -- 4.6.2 Speculation and Factuality -- Levels of Certainty -- Negation and Speculations in Other Languages, Such as Chinese -- 4.7 Clinical Corpora Available -- 4.7.1 English Clinical Corpora Available -- 4.7.2 Swedish Clinical Corpora -- 4.7.3 Clinical Corpora in Other Languages than Swedish -- 4.8 Summary -- 5 Medical Classifications and Terminologies -- 5.1 International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) -- 5.1.1 International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O-3) -- 5.2 Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine: Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) -- 5.3 Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) -- 5.4 Unified Medical Language Systems (UMLS) -- 5.5 Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification (ATC) -- 5.6 Different Standards for Interoperability -- 5.6.1 Health Level 7 (HL7). , Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) -- 5.6.2 OpenEHR -- 5.6.3 Mapping and Expanding Terminologies -- 5.7 Summary of Medical Classifications and Terminologies -- 6 Evaluation Metrics and Evaluation -- 6.1 Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation -- 6.2 The Cranfield Paradigm -- 6.3 Metrics -- 6.4 Annotation -- 6.5 Inter-Annotator Agreement (IAA) -- 6.6 Confidence and Statistical Significance Testing -- 6.7 Annotation Tools -- 6.8 Gold Standard -- 6.9 Summary of Evaluation Metrics and Annotation -- 7 Basic Building Blocks for Clinical Text Processing -- 7.1 Definitions -- 7.2 Segmentation and Tokenisation -- 7.3 Morphological Processing -- 7.3.1 Lemmatisation -- 7.3.2 Stemming -- 7.3.3 Compound Splitting (Decompounding) -- 7.3.4 Abbreviation Detection and Expansion -- A Machine Learning Approach for Abbreviation Detection -- 7.3.5 Spell Checking and Spelling Error Correction -- Spell Checking of Clinical Text -- Open Source Spell Checkers -- Search Engines and Spell Checking -- 7.3.6 Part-of-Speech Tagging (POS Tagging) -- 7.4 Syntactical Analysis -- 7.4.1 Shallow Parsing (Chunking) -- 7.4.2 Grammar Tools -- 7.5 Semantic Analysis and Concept Extraction -- 7.5.1 Named Entity Recognition -- Machine Learning for Named Entity Recognition -- 7.5.2 Negation Detection -- Negation Detection Systems -- Negation Trigger Lists -- NegEx for Swedish -- NegEx for French, Spanish and German -- Machine Learning Approaches for Negation Detection -- 7.5.3 Factuality Detection -- 7.5.4 Relative Processing (Family History) -- 7.5.5 Temporal Processing -- TimeML and TIMEX3 -- HeidelTime -- i2b2 Temporal Relations Challenge -- Temporal Processing for Swedish Clinical Text -- Temporal Processing for French Clinical Text -- Temporal Processing for Portuguese Clinical Text -- 7.5.6 Relation Extraction -- 2010 i2b2/VA Challenge Relation Classification Task. , Other Approaches for Relation Extraction -- 7.5.7 Anaphora Resolution -- i2b2 Challenge in Coreference Resolution for Electronic Medical Records -- 7.6 Summary of Basic Building Blocks for Clinical Text Processing -- 8 Computational Methods for Text Analysis and Text Classification -- 8.1 Rule-Based Methods -- 8.1.1 Regular Expressions -- 8.2 Machine Learning-Based Methods -- 8.2.1 Features and Feature Selection -- Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency, tf-idf -- Vector Space Model -- 8.2.2 Active Learning -- 8.2.3 Pre-Annotation with Revision or Machine Assisted Annotation -- 8.2.4 Clustering -- 8.2.5 Topic Modelling -- 8.2.6 Distributional Semantics -- 8.2.7 Association Rules -- 8.3 Explaining and Understanding the Results Produced -- 8.4 Computational Linguistic Modules for Clinical Text Processing -- 8.5 NLP Tools: UIMA, GATE, NLTK etc -- 8.6 Summary of Computational Methods for Text Analysis and Text Classification -- 9 Ethics and Privacy of Patient Records for Clinical Text Mining Research -- 9.1 Ethical Permission -- 9.2 Social Security Number -- 9.3 Safe Storage -- 9.4 Automatic De-Identification of Patient Records -- 9.4.1 Density of PHI in Electronic Patient Record Text -- 9.4.2 Pseudonymisation of Electronic Patient Records -- 9.4.3 Re-Identification and Privacy -- Black Box Approach -- 9.5 Summary of Ethics and Privacy of Patient Records for Clinical Text Mining Research -- 10 Applications of Clinical Text Mining -- 10.1 Detection and Prediction of Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) -- 10.1.1 Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) -- 10.1.2 Detecting and Predicting HAI -- 10.1.3 Commercial HAI Surveillance Systems and Systems in Practical Use -- 10.2 Detection of Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) -- 10.2.1 Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) -- 10.2.2 Resources for Adverse Drug Event Detection -- 10.2.3 Passive Surveillance of ADEs. , 10.2.4 Active Surveillance of ADEs -- 10.2.5 Approaches for ADE Detection -- An Approach for Swedish Clinical Text -- An Approach for Spanish Clinical Text -- A Joint Approach for Spanish and Swedish Clinical Text -- 10.3 Suicide Prevention by Mining Electronic Patient Records -- 10.4 Mining Pathology Reports for Diagnostic Tests -- 10.4.1 The Case of the Cancer Registry of Norway -- 10.4.2 The Medical Text Extraction (Medtex) System -- 10.5 Mining for Cancer Symptoms -- 10.6 Text Summarisation and Translation of Patient Record -- 10.6.1 Summarising the Patient Record -- 10.6.2 Other Approaches in Summarising the Patient Record -- 10.6.3 Summarising Medical Scientific Text -- 10.6.4 Simplification of the Patient Record for Laypeople -- 10.7 ICD-10 Diagnosis Code Assignment and Validation -- 10.7.1 Natural Language Generation from SNOMED CT -- 10.8 Search Cohort Selection and Similar Patient Cases -- 10.8.1 Comorbidities -- 10.8.2 Information Retrieval from Electronic Patient Records -- 10.8.3 Search Engine Solr -- 10.8.4 Supporting the Clinician in an Emergency Department with the Radiology Report -- 10.8.5 Incident Reporting -- 10.8.6 Hypothesis Generation -- 10.8.7 Practical Use of SNOMED CT -- 10.8.8 ICD-10 and SNOMED CT Code Mapping -- 10.8.9 Analysing the Patient's Speech -- 10.8.10 MYCIN and Clinical Decision Support -- 10.8.11 IBM Watson Health -- 10.9 Summary of Applications of Clinical Text Mining -- 11 Networks and Shared Tasks in Clinical Text Mining -- 11.1 Conferences, Workshops and Journals -- 11.2 Summary of Networks and Shared Tasks in Clinical Text Mining -- 12 Conclusions and Outlook -- 12.1 Outcomes -- References -- Index.

Weitere Ausg.: Print version: Dalianis, Hercules Clinical Text Mining Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2018 ISBN 9783319785028

Sprache: Englisch

Schlagwort(e): Electronic books. ; Electronic books

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Umfang: 1 online resource.

ISBN: 9789004430976 , 9789004430952

Serie: Language and Linguistics E-Books Online, Collection 2020, ISBN: 9789004400689

Inhalt: Central Trentino is a Romance dialect spoken in the North-East of Italy, which shows features belonging to both Gallo-Italic and Venetan dialects. Grammar of Central Trentino aims to present the first comprehensive grammatical description of this dialect, taking into consideration its morpho-syntactic properties and pragmatic phenomena. The book's general approach is synchronic and focused on the language currently in use. The authors discuss a wide range of examples gathered from both oral and written sources. The theoretical reference model is that of generative grammar, but the description of the phenomena is also accessible to a non-specialized audience.

Anmerkung: List of Illustrations and Tables -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Annex to Introduction: Phonetic Simplified Alphabet -- 1 Overview -- 1.1 Trentino Dialects in the Context of Northern Italian Dialects -- 1.2 The Main Romance Dialect Groups Spoken in Trentino -- 1.3 Germanic Languages Spoken in Trentino -- 1.4 Previous Studies -- 2 Nominal Morphology -- 2.1 Nominal Inflection: Number and Gender -- 2.2 Nominal Derivational Suffixes -- 2.3 Evaluative Morphology -- 2.4 Nominal Derivational Prefixes -- 2.5 Compound and Phrasal Nouns -- 3 Noun Phrases: Nouns with Determiners and Adjectives -- 3.1 Definite and Indefinite Determiners -- 3.2 Demonstrative + N -- 3.3 Possessive + N -- 3.4 Quantified NP -- 3.5 Interrogative and Exclamative NP -- 3.6 Quality Adjectives -- 4 Morphology and Syntax of Personal Pronouns -- 4.1 The Forms of Free Pronouns and Clitics -- 4.2 Subject Clitics -- 4.3 Se Impersonal Subject -- 4.4 Subject Clitics in Interrogative Sentences -- 4.5 Clitics in Relative Clauses -- 4.6 Free Pronouns and Clitics as Direct Objects -- 4.7 Free Pronouns and Clitics as Datives and Indirect Objects -- 4.8 Reflexive Pronouns -- 4.9 Clitics Clusters -- 4.10 Allocutive Pronouns -- 5 Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases -- 5.1 The Use of Simple Prepositions in Locative and Temporal Contexts -- 5.2 Other Uses of Simple Prepositions -- 5.3 Comparative Remarks on the Use of the Preposition in Central Trentino -- 5.4 Derivative and Compound Prepositions -- 6 Adverbs and Adverbial Phrases -- 6.1 Adverbial Morphology -- 6.2 Intensification and Modification of Adverbs -- 6.3 Some Peculiarities of the Adverbial System in Central Trentino -- 6.4 Affirmative and Negative Adverbs -- 7 Verb Morphology -- 7.1 The Regular Verbal Conjugations -- 7.2 Irregular Verbs -- 7.3 Past Participle Formation -- 7.4 Verb Formation -- 7.5 'Verb with Locative' Constructions -- Annex to Ch. 7: Tables of Verb Forms -- 8 Verb Agreement and Valency -- 8.1 Verb Agreement -- 8.2 Verb Types -- 8.3 Passive Voice and Other Mechanisms of Subject Demotion -- 9 Main and Embedded Clauses -- 9.1 The Syntax of Main Clauses -- 9.2 Argumental Subordinate Clauses -- 9.3 Adverbial Subordinate Clauses -- 9.4 Other Subordinate Clauses Introduced by the Complementiser che : Relatives, Pseudo-relatives and Clefts -- 9.5 Use of Subjunctive in Embedded Clauses -- 10 Pragmatic Particles -- 10.1 General Properties -- 10.2 Pragmatic Particles in Declarative Sentences -- 10.3 Pragmatic Particles in Interrogative and Imperative Sentences -- 10.4 The Modal Interpretation of the Enclitic - (n)te -- References -- Index.

Weitere Ausg.: Print version: Grammar of Central Trentino: A Romance Dialect from North-East Italy, Leiden Boston : BRILL, 2020

Sprache: Englisch

URL: DOI:

URL: DOI

UID:

Umfang: 38 Seiten

Sprache: Deutsch

UID:

Umfang: 128 Seiten

Ausgabe: rev. and entirely re-written

Sprache: Deutsch

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource.

Ausgabe: 1st ed.

Serie: Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today ; Volume 238

Anmerkung: Thesis: Ph. D.-- Linguistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2015. , Intro -- Choosing a Grammar -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Preface -- 1. Introduction -- 1. A model for language learning -- 1.1 Core themes: A first look -- 1.2 Revisiting the core themes: A look at some similar learning models -- 2. The puzzle of ambiguous evidence -- 2.1 Preliminary considerations -- 2.2 The general case -- 2.3 The subset case -- 3. Ambiguous evidence and modeling learner errors and variability -- 3.1 Errors -- 3.2 Variability -- 4. Ambiguity and development -- 2. The learning model -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Overview of the model -- 2.1 Introducing the model with two toy examples -- 2.2 The learning procedure: A summary -- 2.3 Ambiguous vs. unambiguous input -- 2.4 Prior probabilities and the update procedure -- 2.5 Generality of the model and learning results -- 3. Comparison with other learning models -- 3.1 Sakas and Fodor (2001): The Structural Triggers Learner -- 3.2 Gibson and Wexler (1994): The Triggering Learning Algorithm -- 3.3 Yang (2002): The Naïve Parameter Learner -- 4. Summary -- 3. The acquisition of verb movement in Swiss German -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The core data of verb placement in Swiss German -- 2.1 Adult grammar -- 2.2 Child productions -- 3. Some possible analyses -- 3.1 Alternative #1: Overgeneralizing V2 in embedded clauses -- 3.2 Alternative #2: Extraposition in embedded clauses -- 3.3 Alternative #3: Overgeneralizing VR/VPR -- 3.4 Schönenberger's analysis: Verb movement in embedded clauses -- 4. A learning model for the acquisition puzzle -- 4.1 Analysis of the adult and child grammars -- 4.2 Overview of the model -- 4.3 Insight of the model -- 4.4 Predictions for the model -- 5. Results and discussion -- 5.1 Priors and update procedure -- 5.2 Results -- 5.3 A closer look at the acquisition data: The distribution of subjects in embedded clauses. , 6. Comparison with other learning models -- 7. The broader German perspective -- 8. The relation between input and learning -- 9. Summary -- 4. Head-finality and verb movement in Korean -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Modeling the effects of parameter interaction: The core example -- 2.1 A schematic version of the model: Learning in a 3-parameter hypothesis space -- 2.2 Results of the 3-parameter model -- 3. Making the model more general: A simplified Korean -- 3.1. Expanding the hypothesis space -- 3.2 Expanding the corpus -- 3.3 Predictions for the model -- 4. Han et al. (2007) and the current model: A deeper look at modeling end-state variability -- 4.1 Review of Han et al. (2007) -- 4.2 Comparison of Han et al. (2007) and the current model -- 4.3 Toward a unification of Han et al. (2007) and the current model -- 5. Results and discussion -- 5.1 Results of the 5-parameter model -- 5.2 Variability with a probabilistic learner: A broader perspective -- 6. Comparison with other models -- 7. Constraining the model: A first attempt -- 8. Summary -- 5. The case of zero-derived causatives in English -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Pylkkänen (2008) and the learning challenge -- 2.1 Review of Pylkkänen (2008) -- 2.2 The learning challenge -- 3. Addressing the challenge -- 3.1 Learning from implicit negative evidence: The case of zero-derived causatives -- 3.2 Making the model more general -- 3.3 Results -- 3.4 Learning the grammar of the superset language -- 4. Comparison with other models -- 5. Summary -- 6. Learning biases -- 1. Introduction -- 2. A problem for defaults -- 2.1 Errors in Swedish -- 2.2 Errors in English -- 2.3 Toward accounting for the Swedish and English errors -- 3. Constraining the model: A new proposal -- 4. Summary -- 7. Final summary -- References -- Swiss German input types and corresponding compatible grammars. , Additional evidence for a Root-selecting grammar in English? -- Index.

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 90-272-5721-3

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 90-272-6591-7

Sprache: Englisch

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (367 p.)

Ausgabe: 1st ed.

ISBN: 1-283-94336-0 , 90-272-7243-3

Serie: Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 202

Inhalt: Over the past two decades, studies of the phylogenetic emergence of language have typically focused on grammatical characteristics, especially those that distinguish modern languages from animal communication. The relevant literature has thus left the reader with the impression that language is either exclusively or primarily mental; in the latter case, its physical features, phonetic or manual, would be epiphenomena that may be overlooked. I argue that language is natural collective technology that evolved primarily to facilitate efficient communication in populations whose social structures

Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , In Search of Universal Grammar; Editorial page; Title page; LCC data; Table of contents; Introduction; 1. From Old Norse to Zoque; 2. Outline of the chapters; Acknowledgments; Scandinavian; On the syntax of the accusative/dative alternation in spatial PPs in Norwegian dative dialects; 1. Introduction; 2. A syntactic difference; 3. Articulating the analysis; 4. The structure of spatial PPs; 5. A potential problem: Directional dative?; 6. Alternating prepositions in presentational structures; 7. Conclusion; References; Spurious topic drop in Swedish; 1. Introduction; 2. Topic drop , 2.1 Introduction2.2 Parallel movement; 2.3 Two Spec-CPs in Swedish; 2.4. Proposal; 3. Initial locative and invisible subject in Swedish; 4. The Engdahl observation; 5. Clause anticipating pronoun; 6. Quantifier scope and expletives; 7. Split topicalization; 8. Additional cases with spurious topic drop; 8.1 Relative clauses; 8.2 Subject initial main clauses; 9. Summary and conclusion; References; Germanic sociolinguistics; "The voice from below; 1. Introduction; 2. Historical background; 3. Background for the 2011-proposal; 4. The 2009 mandate , 5. The committee and the process - "the voice from below"6. Responses to the proposal and the process; 7. Conclusion; References; Gender maintenance and loss in Totenmålet, English, and other major Germanic varieties; Totenmålet; Bergen; Copenhagen; Afrikaans; Dutch/Flemish; High German; Frisian and low German; Relief from puzzlement?; Contact and simplification; Contact and language shift; Contact and geographical diffusion; English; Totenmålet again; References; French; Non-finite adjuncts in French; 1. Introduction; 2. Ant-forms in French; 3. One or two forms?; 3.1 The two proposals , 4. The inner structure of the participle constructions5. Conclusions; References; Topics and the left periphery; 1. Introduction; 2. V2 and the split CP; 3. The left periphery of Old French; 3.1 A V2 language; 3.2 Several elements in front of the finite verb; 3.3 FocusP and the position of the wh-word; 3.4 Remnant movement and the finite verb; 3.5 The topics; 3.6 Scene Setting; 3.7 Interim summary; 4. The left periphery of Modern Germanic; 4.1 Left dislocation; 4.2 Hanging Topics; 4.3 Verb movement to Fin°; 4.4 Fronted elements and the si/så construction; 5. The Topics; 5.1 Occupying ForceP? , 5.2 Moved or base-generated?5.3 The informational value of the fronted element; 6. Conclusion; Appendix: Cited texts; References; Language change; The developmental logic of the analytic past in German and Polish; 1. What's new: The emergence of a novel analytic past tense in Polish?; 2. The logic of emergence of the analytic past: German; 3. Signs of a newly emerging analytic past in spoken Polish; 4. Grammaticalizing into the new analytic active past in Modern Polish; 5. Signals testifying to the new development of analytic tensing; 6. Conclusion - summary; References , The diachrony of pronouns and demonstratives , English

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 90-272-5585-7

Sprache: Englisch

UID:

Umfang: XIII, 463 p. , online resource.

Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2000.

ISBN: 9783540453239

Serie: Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence ; 1902

Inhalt: The workshop series on Text, Speech and Dialogue originated in 1998 with the ?rst TSD1998 held in Brno, Czech Republic. This year's TSD2000, already the third in the series, returns to Brno and to its organizers from the Faculty of Informatics at the Masaryk University. As shown by the ever growing interest in TSD series, this annual workshop developed into the prime meeting of speech and language researchers from both sides of the former Iron Curtain, which provides a unique opportunity to get acquainted with the current activities in all aspects of language communication and to witness the amazing vitality of researchers from the former East Block countries. Thanks need to be extended to all who continue to make the TSD workshop series such a success: ?rst, to the authors themselves, without whom TSD2000 would not exist; next, to all organizations that support TSD2000, among them the International Speech Communication Association, the Faculty of Informatics at the Masaryk University in Brno and the Faculty of Applied Sciences, West Bohemia University in Plzen; ? and last but not least,to the organizers and members of the Program Committee who spentmuch effort to make TSD2000 success and who reviewed 131 contributions submitted from all corners of the world and accepted 75 out of them for presentation at the workshop. This book is evidence of the success of all involved.

Anmerkung: Text -- The Linguistic Basis of a Rule-Based Tagger of Czech -- Harnessing the Lexicographer in the Quest for Accurate Word Sense Disambiguation -- An Integrated Statistical Model for Tagging and Chunking Unrestricted Text -- Extending Bidirectional Chart Parsing with a Stochastic Model -- Ensemble of Classifiers for Noise Detection in PoS Tagged Corpora -- Towards a Dynamic Syntax for Language Modelling -- A Word Analysis System for German Hyphenation, Full Text Search, and Spell Checking, with Regard to the Latest Reform of German Orthography -- Automatic Functor Assignment in the Prague Dependency Treebank -- Categories, Constructions, and Dependency Relations -- Local Grammars and Parsing Coordination of Nouns in Serbo-Croatian -- Realization of Syntactic Parser for Inflectional Language Using XML and Regular Expressions -- A Rigoristic and Automated Analysis of Texts Applied to a Scientific Abstract by Mark Sergot and Others -- Evaluation of Tectogrammatical Annotation of PDT -- Probabilistic Head-Driven Chart Parsing of Czech Sentences -- Aggregation and Contextual Reference in Automatically Generated Instructions -- Information Retrieval by Means of Word Sense Disambiguation -- Statistical Parameterisation of Text Corpora -- An Efficient Algorithm for Japanese Sentence Compaction Based on Phrase Importance and Inter-Phrase Dependency -- Word Senses and Semantic Representations Can We Have Both? -- Automatic Tagging of Compound Verb Groups in Czech Corpora -- Sensitive Words and Their Application to Chinese Processing -- Testing a Word Analysis System for Reliable and Sense-Conveying Hyphenation and Other Applications -- The Challenge of Parallel Text Processing -- Selected Types of Pg-Ambiguity: Processing Based on Analysis by Reduction -- Cohesive Generation of Syntactically Simplified Newspaper Text -- TEA: A Text Analysis Tool for the Intelligent Text Document Filtering -- Competing Patterns for Language Engineering -- Speech -- Recognition and Labelling of Prosodic Events in Slovenian Speech -- Rules for Automatic Grapheme-to-Allophone Transcription in Slovene -- An Adaptive and Fast Speech Detection Algorithm -- Optimal Pitch Path Tracking for More Reliable Pitch Detection -- FlexVoice: A Parametric Approach to High-Quality Speech Synthesis -- The Continuous and Discontinuous Styles in Czech TTS -- Automatic Speech Segmentation with the Application of the Czech TTS System -- Speaker Identification Using Autoregressive Hidden Markov Models and Adaptive Vector Quantisation -- Morpheme Based Language Models for Speech Recognition of Czech -- A Large Czech Vocabulary Recognition System for Real-Time Applications -- Building a New Czech Text-to-Speech System Using Triphone-Based Speech Units -- Acoustic and Perceptual Properties of Syllables in Continuous Speech as a Function of Speaking Rate -- NL-Processor and Linguistic Knowledge Base in a Speech Recognition System -- Russian Phonetic Variability and Connected Speech Transcription -- Database Processing for Spanish Text-to-Speech Synthesis -- Topic-Sensitive Language Modelling -- Design of Speech Recognition Engine -- Combining Multi-band and Frequency-Filtering Techniques for Speech Recognition in Noisy Environments -- Allophone- and Suballophone-Based Speech Synthesis System for Russian -- Diphone-Based Unit Selection for Catalan Text-to-Speech Synthesis -- Analysis of Information in Speech and Its Application in Speech Recognition -- What Textual Relationships Demand Phonetic Focus? -- Speaker Identification Using Kalman Cepstral Coefficients -- Belarussian Speech Recognition Using Genetic Algorithms -- A Discriminative Segmental Speech Model and Its Application to Hungarian Number Recognition -- Comparison of Frequency Bands in Closed Set Speaker Identification Performance -- Recording and Annotation of the Czech Speech Corpus -- Dialogue -- A Text Based Talking Face -- Dialogue Control in the Alparon System -- ISIS: Interaction through Speech with Information Systems -- Centering-Based Anaphora Resolution in Danish Dialogues -- Some Improvements on the IRST Mixed Initiative Dialogue Technology -- Dictionary-Based Method for Coherence Maintenance in Man-Machine Dialogue with Indirect Antecedents and Ellipses -- Reconstructing Conversational Games in an Obligation-Driven Dialogue Model -- Prosody Prediction from Tree-Like Structure Similarities -- A Speaker Authentication Module in TelCorreo -- TelCorreo: A Bilingual E-mail Client over the Telephone -- A Syntactical Model of Prosody as an Aid to Spoken Dialogue Systems in Italian Language -- What Do You Mean by "What Do You Mean"? -- Simplified Processing of Elliptic and Anaphoric Utterances in a Train Timetable Information Retrieval Dialogue System -- Pragmatic and Grammatical Aspects of the Development of Dialogue Strategies -- An Annotation Scheme for Dialogues Applied to Anaphora Resolution Algorithms -- Cooperative Information Retrieval Dialogues through Clustering -- Acoustic Cues for Classifying Communicative Intentions in Dialogue Systems -- Active and Passive Strategies in Dialogue Program Generation -- Architecture of Multi-modal Dialogue System -- The Utility of Semantic-Pragmatic Information and Dialogue-State for Speech Recognition in Spoken Dialogue Systems -- Word Concept Model for Intelligent Dialogue Agents.

In: Springer Nature eBook

Weitere Ausg.: Printed edition: ISBN 9783662175910

Weitere Ausg.: Printed edition: ISBN 9783540410423

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.1007/3-540-45323-7

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45323-7

UID:

Umfang: XIII, 463 p. , online resource.

ISBN: 9783540453239

Serie: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1902

Inhalt: The workshop series on Text, Speech and Dialogue originated in 1998 with the ?rst TSD1998 held in Brno, Czech Republic. This year’s TSD2000, already the third in the series, returns to Brno and to its organizers from the Faculty of Informatics at the Masaryk University. As shown by the ever growing interest in TSD series, this annual workshop developed into the prime meeting of speech and language researchers from both sides of the former Iron Curtain, which provides a unique opportunity to get acquainted with the current activities in all aspects of language communication and to witness the amazing vitality of researchers from the former East Block countries. Thanks need to be extended to all who continue to make the TSD workshop series such a success: ?rst, to the authors themselves, without whom TSD2000 would not exist; next, to all organizations that support TSD2000, among them the International Speech Communication Association, the Faculty of Informatics at the Masaryk University in Brno and the Faculty of Applied Sciences, West Bohemia University in Plzen; ? and last but not least,to the organizers and members of the Program Committee who spentmuch effort to make TSD2000 success and who reviewed 131 contributions submitted from all corners of the world and accepted 75 out of them for presentation at the workshop. This book is evidence of the success of all involved.

Anmerkung: Text -- The Linguistic Basis of a Rule-Based Tagger of Czech -- Harnessing the Lexicographer in the Quest for Accurate Word Sense Disambiguation -- An Integrated Statistical Model for Tagging and Chunking Unrestricted Text -- Extending Bidirectional Chart Parsing with a Stochastic Model -- Ensemble of Classifiers for Noise Detection in PoS Tagged Corpora -- Towards a Dynamic Syntax for Language Modelling -- A Word Analysis System for German Hyphenation, Full Text Search, and Spell Checking, with Regard to the Latest Reform of German Orthography -- Automatic Functor Assignment in the Prague Dependency Treebank -- Categories, Constructions, and Dependency Relations -- Local Grammars and Parsing Coordination of Nouns in Serbo-Croatian -- Realization of Syntactic Parser for Inflectional Language Using XML and Regular Expressions -- A Rigoristic and Automated Analysis of Texts Applied to a Scientific Abstract by Mark Sergot and Others -- Evaluation of Tectogrammatical Annotation of PDT -- Probabilistic Head-Driven Chart Parsing of Czech Sentences -- Aggregation and Contextual Reference in Automatically Generated Instructions -- Information Retrieval by Means of Word Sense Disambiguation -- Statistical Parameterisation of Text Corpora -- An Efficient Algorithm for Japanese Sentence Compaction Based on Phrase Importance and Inter-Phrase Dependency -- Word Senses and Semantic Representations Can We Have Both? -- Automatic Tagging of Compound Verb Groups in Czech Corpora -- Sensitive Words and Their Application to Chinese Processing -- Testing a Word Analysis System for Reliable and Sense-Conveying Hyphenation and Other Applications -- The Challenge of Parallel Text Processing -- Selected Types of Pg-Ambiguity: Processing Based on Analysis by Reduction -- Cohesive Generation of Syntactically Simplified Newspaper Text -- TEA: A Text Analysis Tool for the Intelligent Text Document Filtering -- Competing Patterns for Language Engineering -- Speech -- Recognition and Labelling of Prosodic Events in Slovenian Speech -- Rules for Automatic Grapheme-to-Allophone Transcription in Slovene -- An Adaptive and Fast Speech Detection Algorithm -- Optimal Pitch Path Tracking for More Reliable Pitch Detection -- FlexVoice: A Parametric Approach to High-Quality Speech Synthesis -- The Continuous and Discontinuous Styles in Czech TTS -- Automatic Speech Segmentation with the Application of the Czech TTS System -- Speaker Identification Using Autoregressive Hidden Markov Models and Adaptive Vector Quantisation -- Morpheme Based Language Models for Speech Recognition of Czech -- A Large Czech Vocabulary Recognition System for Real-Time Applications -- Building a New Czech Text-to-Speech System Using Triphone-Based Speech Units -- Acoustic and Perceptual Properties of Syllables in Continuous Speech as a Function of Speaking Rate -- NL-Processor and Linguistic Knowledge Base in a Speech Recognition System -- Russian Phonetic Variability and Connected Speech Transcription -- Database Processing for Spanish Text-to-Speech Synthesis -- Topic-Sensitive Language Modelling -- Design of Speech Recognition Engine -- Combining Multi-band and Frequency-Filtering Techniques for Speech Recognition in Noisy Environments -- Allophone- and Suballophone-Based Speech Synthesis System for Russian -- Diphone-Based Unit Selection for Catalan Text-to-Speech Synthesis -- Analysis of Information in Speech and Its Application in Speech Recognition -- What Textual Relationships Demand Phonetic Focus? -- Speaker Identification Using Kalman Cepstral Coefficients -- Belarussian Speech Recognition Using Genetic Algorithms -- A Discriminative Segmental Speech Model and Its Application to Hungarian Number Recognition -- Comparison of Frequency Bands in Closed Set Speaker Identification Performance -- Recording and Annotation of the Czech Speech Corpus -- Dialogue -- A Text Based Talking Face -- Dialogue Control in the Alparon System -- ISIS: Interaction through Speech with Information Systems -- Centering-Based Anaphora Resolution in Danish Dialogues -- Some Improvements on the IRST Mixed Initiative Dialogue Technology -- Dictionary-Based Method for Coherence Maintenance in Man-Machine Dialogue with Indirect Antecedents and Ellipses -- Reconstructing Conversational Games in an Obligation-Driven Dialogue Model -- Prosody Prediction from Tree-Like Structure Similarities -- A Speaker Authentication Module in TelCorreo -- TelCorreo: A Bilingual E-mail Client over the Telephone -- A Syntactical Model of Prosody as an Aid to Spoken Dialogue Systems in Italian Language -- What Do You Mean by “What Do You Mean”? -- Simplified Processing of Elliptic and Anaphoric Utterances in a Train Timetable Information Retrieval Dialogue System -- Pragmatic and Grammatical Aspects of the Development of Dialogue Strategies -- An Annotation Scheme for Dialogues Applied to Anaphora Resolution Algorithms -- Cooperative Information Retrieval Dialogues through Clustering -- Acoustic Cues for Classifying Communicative Intentions in Dialogue Systems -- Active and Passive Strategies in Dialogue Program Generation -- Architecture of Multi-modal Dialogue System -- The Utility of Semantic-Pragmatic Information and Dialogue-State for Speech Recognition in Spoken Dialogue Systems -- Word Concept Model for Intelligent Dialogue Agents.

In: Springer eBooks

Weitere Ausg.: Printed edition: ISBN 9783540410423

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.1007/3-540-45323-7

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45323-7

UID:

Umfang: 65 S. , 8"

Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache

Schlagwort(e): Grammatik ; Fremdsprache ; Deutsch ; Lehrbuch

UID:

Umfang: x, 333 p.

Ausgabe: 1st ed.

ISBN: 1-282-15519-9 , 9786612155192 , 90-272-9307-4

Serie: Linguistik aktuell, v. 96

Inhalt: Passives, middles, and other voice phenomena are issues at the core of modern linguistic research. This volume brings together different perspectives on voice different theoretical viewpoints, different languages, and different kinds of voice phenomena. The eleven articles each make a valuable contribution to the ongoing discussion, offering new data, new analyses, and bringing new light to long-standing issues. In combination, they present a multi-faceted and yet coherent picture of the topics at hand.

Anmerkung: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph , Demoting the Agent -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- List of contributors -- Preface -- Perspectives on demotion -- 1. Background -- 2. Between active and passive -- 3. S-verbs and reflexives in Swedish -- 4. A note on terminology -- 5. Passive and information structure -- 6. On the semantics of voice -- 7. Semantics and Pragmatics -- References -- Semantic and syntactic patterns in Swedish passives -- 1. S-passive and bli-passive -- 2. Conditions of use -- 2.1. Types of events vs. specific events -- 2.2. Aktionsart -- 3. Frequencies of the two passives -- 4. The nature of the subject -- 5. Alternation between s-passive and bli-passive -- 6. What happens to the demoted agent? -- 6.1. Av-phrases -- 6.2. Impersonal passives -- 6.3. Presentational constructions -- 7. Concluding remarks -- References -- Corpora -- The Eastern Khanty locative-agent constructions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The basics of the Eastern Khanty clause structure -- 3. Information structure -- 4. Non-canonical constructions -- 4.1. Structural properties of the non-canonical constructions -- 4.2. Eastern Khanty non-canonical constructions in the narrative -- 5. Conclusions on Eastern Khanty non-canonical constructions -- Abbreviations -- References -- Agent back-grounding as a functional domain -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Agent demotion and passive -- 1.2. Data -- 2. Be-passive -- 3. Anonymous-agent reflexive -- 3.1. Constraints on the agent -- 3.2. Constraints on the patient -- 4. Resultant state vs. agent anonymity -- 5. Networks of typologically related patterns -- 6. Conclusions -- Sources of data -- References -- Invisible arguments -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Impersonals in Estonian and Finnish -- 3. The `zero person' construction in Finnish and Estonian -- 4. Probing for the implicit argument -- 5. Anaphoric reference: Definite pronouns. , 6. Anaphoric reference: Possessives, reflexives, reciprocals -- 6.1. Binding in the impersonal construction -- 6.2. Binding in the zero person construction -- 7. Semantic tests -- 7.1. Adverbials -- 7.2. Control structures -- 7.3. By-phrases -- 8. Bringing the data back home -- 9. Conclusions -- References -- Argument demotion as feature suppression -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Dyadic unaccusatives and two ontological primitives -- 3. Passives and anticausatives in English and Albanian -- 3.1. By-phrases and from-phrases: How different are they? -- 3.2. The issue of purpose clauses and agent-oriented adverbs -- 4. A formal analysis of argument demotion in unaccusative contexts -- 4.1. The structure of causative predications -- 4.2. The structure of activity/process predications -- 4.3. Defining non-active voice -- 4.4. Deriving the unintended causation reading -- 4.5. Deriving the anticausative and the passive -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- A comparative view of the requirement for adverbial modification in middles -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Variation in middles -- 2.1. Some of the syntactic facts -- 2.2. Middles as disposition ascriptions and the role of imperfective aspect -- 2.3. Back to the adverb -- 3. The semantic/pragmatic approach and its problems -- 4. A 'structural' account -- 5. Delimiting the set of appropriate modifiers -- 6. Conclusion and opened questions -- References -- From passive to active -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Descriptive background -- 1.2. How to analyze the new construction: Two hypotheses -- 2. Syntactic change in the English auxiliary system -- 3. Grammatical properties of passive vs. active voice -- 3.1. Discourse properties of the passive voice -- 3.2. Syntactic properties of active vs. passive voice clauses -- 4. Cross-linguistic comparison: Passive morphology reanalyzed as active -- 5. The nationwide survey. , 5.1. Reliability of judgments -- 5.2. Morphological case -- 5.3. Testing individual predictions -- 6. Conclusions -- 6.1. Why in Icelandic? -- 6.2. Reanalysis as simplification of the grammar -- References -- The relation between information structure, syntactic structure and passive -- 1. Introduction -- 2. German and Norwegian -- 2.1. Structural contrasts -- 2.2. Passive constructions in German and Norwegian -- 2.3. The data -- 2.4. Information structure -- 3. What the translation pairs reveal -- 3.1. Change of voice -- 3.2. Change of topic -- 3.3. Additional support: Introducing an implicit agent -- 4. Concluding remarks -- References -- Syntax and semantics of the deontic WANT-passive in Italo-Romance -- 1. Introduction: The data -- 1.1. Some general properties of WANT-passives -- 1.2. A cross-linguistic view -- 1.3. Ledgeway's WANT-passive in Romance -- 2. General remarks on the passive -- 2.1. Some proposals on passive constructions -- 2.2. The classification of the Romance WANT-passive -- 3. Passive constructions and the external argument in the MP -- 4. The WANT-passive in the MP -- 4.1. General assumptions -- 4.2. The derivation of the deontic passive with WANT -- 5. WANT: Subcategorization frames and modal shift -- 5.1. Syntactic typology of WANT-constructions -- 5.2. WANT and modality's semantic map (cf. Van Auwera & -- Plungian 1998) -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Agentivity and the virtual reflexive construction -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Comparing reflexive patient-subject constructions -- 3. Comparing virtual reflexives and middles -- 4. A review of Fellbaum's (1989) lexical semantic analysis -- 5. An alternative lexical semantic analysis -- 6. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Appendix: Some additional attested examples of virtual reflexives -- Arguments in middles -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Genericity in middles. , 3. On for-PPs in middles -- 4. On German middles -- 5. Towards an analysis of middle formation -- 5.1. Reflexives and event responsibility -- 5.2. Middles and vPs -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Language index -- Name index -- Subject index -- The series Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today. , English

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 90-272-3360-8

Sprache: Englisch