UID:
almafu_9959233801402883
Umfang:
vii, 416 p. :
,
ill., maps.
Ausgabe:
1st ed.
ISBN:
1-282-15686-1
,
9786612156861
,
90-272-9458-5
Serie:
Pragmatics & beyond, new ser., v. 134
Inhalt:
In the debate about the origins of Standard English, the role of the written medium of administration has been the centre of attention. An administration cannot function without the activities of its traders, who by virtue of their daily goings-on engage in two-way, face-to-face interaction with speakers of other dialects. This chapter explores the written language of London merchants as it was prior to the development of Standard English, looking at the fusion of Anglo-Norman and Middle English as well as the morphological changes that came to form Standard English, and also factoring in patterns of trade contact. The conclusion is that Standard English may be regarded as a side-effect of change in commerce.
Anmerkung:
Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
,
Opening Windows on Texts and Discourses of the Past -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Acknowledgments -- Note -- A frame for windows -- Notes -- References -- I. Discourse in the public sphere -- News discourse -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Early English newspapers and periodicity -- 3. Mass circulation and the top-down principle -- 4. The modularisation of a continuous flood of news -- 5. The online stream of breaking news -- 6. Conclusion -- Note -- References -- Advertising discourse in eighteenth-century English newspapers -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The sociolinguistic framework -- 2.1. The participants -- 2.2. The objects relevant to the communication -- 2.3. The medium of communication -- 2.4. The purpose of communication -- 3. The main features of the language of advertising -- 3.1. Attention value -- 3.2. Readability -- 3.3. Memorability -- 3.4. Selling power -- 4. Awareness of the linguistic features of advertisements -- 5. Conclusions -- Notes -- Sources -- References -- Presidential inaugural addresses -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Setting IAs into a context -- 3. Participants in the inaugural ceremony -- 4. Linguistics factors -- 4.1. Quotations and borrowings -- 4.2. Increasing orality -- 4.3. Personal pronouns -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Freedom of speech at stake -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Background on freedom of speech -- 3. The framework of informal fallacies -- 4. Applying the concept of an informal fallacy -- 5. Arguing for the Sedition Act of 1798 -- 6. John Allen's speech in the debate of July 5, 1798 -- 7. Summing up -- Note -- References -- Text-initiating strategies in eighteenth-century newspaper headlines -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Method and corpus -- 3. Verbal headlines -- 4. Syntactic combinations -- 5. Stylistic dimensions -- 5.1. Unstressed forms -- 5.2. Topicalised forms.
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5.3. Dislocated forms -- 6. Conclusion -- Note -- References -- II. Science and academia -- Patterns of agentivity and narrativity in early science discourse -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Narrativity and science texts -- 2.1. Agents and events in early and modern science texts -- 2.2. Narrative form and narrative function -- 3. Linguistic reflections of the de-narrativisation of science texts -- 3.1. Data -- 3.2. Pronoun usage reflecting narrativity and argument in early science discourse -- 3.3. Agentivity within changing patterns of discourse organisation -- 4. Summary -- Notes -- References -- The economics academic lecture in the nineteenth century -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data and methodology -- 3. Interpersonal and evaluative devices -- 3.1. Participants' voices in the text -- 3.2. Questioning and quoting -- 3.3. Evaluative metadiscursive devices -- 4. Concluding observations -- Note -- References -- Contesting authorities -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. John Wilkins (1614-1672) -- 1.2. Discovery -- 2. Citation analysis -- 3. Quantitative analysis -- 3.1. Distribution of intertextual references -- 4. Qualitative analysis -- 4.1. Comments on the Bible -- 4.2. Classics -- 4.3. Contemporary -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Personal pronouns in argumentation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Aim and method -- 3. Analysis -- 3.1. The multifunctional I -- 3.2. The authorial I -- 3.3. You - addressing the reader -- 3.4. You - attacking the opponent and addressing the audience -- 3.5. The exophoric third person -- 3.6. The endophoric third person -- 3.7. The persuasive we -- 3.8. Who we are -- 3.9. Us vs. them -- 3.10. They as a cohesive link -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- Sources -- References -- Criticism under scrutiny -- 1. Introduction -- Part one -- 1. Criticism and knowledge -- 2. Knowledge and truth -- 3. Medicine and criticism -- Part two.
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4. Overt rhetorical features of early criticism (1810-1929) -- 4.1. Overt arrogation of responsibility -- 4.2. Polemicity (oppositional discourse) -- 4.3. Involved production, the rhetoric of immediate experience and magister dixit medicine -- 5. Overall rhetorical features of late criticism (1930-1995) -- 5.1. Greater hedginess of Anglo-Saxon criticism -- 5.2. The politics of civility and publication of scientific style manuals in the Anglo-Saxon world -- 5.3. Marketisation and competition within Anglo-Saxon scientific circles -- 5.4. Anglo-Saxon hypermodesty vs. French self-confidence: historically and culturally-entrenched traditions -- 5.5. The particular case of Spanish medical discourse: an example of academic acculturation -- 6. Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Appendix -- 19th and early 20th century medical journals -- Mid- and late 20th century medical journals -- The underlying pattern of the Renaissance botanical genre pinax -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Gesner's Pinax Phyton (1542) -- 2.1. Epistémè during the years 1520-1560 -- 2.2. The principles of discourse organisation -- 3. Caspar Bauhin's Pinax (1596, 1623) -- 3.1. Epistémè during the years 1560-1620 -- 3.2. The principles of discourse organisation -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Genres and the appropriation of science -- 1. Aim and plan of the study -- 2. Appropriation of scientific knowledge -- 3. Dissemination of scientific knowledge -- 3.1. Anchorage points from learned to popular -- 3.2. Loci communes -- 3.3. Method of search for loci communes -- 4. Genres and the reception of texts -- 4.1. Late medieval and early modern scientific writing -- 4.2. Commentaries and compilationes in English -- 4.3. Encyclopaedic knowledge: De proprietatibus rerum -- 4.4. Commonplace books -- 4.5. Textbooks: The Guild-Book of the Barber-Surgeons of York.
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4.6. Scientific knowledge in verse: Sidrak and Bokkus -- 4.7. Early modern popular science: Handbooks and collections of questions and answers -- 5. The scale from learned to popular: Distinguishing features -- Notes -- References -- III. Letters and literature -- Chaucer's narrators and audiences -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The universal persona: Chaucer's narrators -- 3. Towards an art of bumbling: The Book of the Duchess -- 4. The clerk leaves the garden: The House of Fame -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Discourse on a par with syntax, or the effects of the linguistic organisation of letters on the diachronic characterisation of the text type -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The genre of `letters' -- 3. The corpus -- 4. The organisation of the sentence -- 4.1. Repertoire of organisational variants -- 4.2. Subjects -- 5. Referentiality in discourse -- 5.1. A typology of referentiality -- 5.2. A corpus-based analysis of referentiality -- 6. Length -- 7. Concluding remarks -- Notes -- Sources -- References -- Verba sic spernit mea -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Senecan drama and its context -- 2.1. Ancient drama -- 2.2. Senecan drama -- 3. Coherence and rupture of coherence -- 3.1. Coherence and relevance -- 3.2. Coherence by association or coreference -- 3.3. Coherence by fulfilment of perlocution -- 3.4. Coherence and its rupture in drama -- 4. Seneca's usage of rupture of coherence -- 4.1. Mentally induced and paradox rupture of coherence -- 4.2. Deliberate rupture of coherence -- 4.3. Anticommunicative rupture of coherence -- 5. Conclusions -- Notes -- Sources -- References -- IV. Discourse and pragmatics -- `Ther been thinges thre, the whiche thynges troublen al this erthe' -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Origin and structural development of the WPNC -- 3. Structure(s) of the WPNC -- 4. Function(s) of WPNCs -- 5. Summary and conclusion -- Data appendix.
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Notes -- Sources -- References -- Processes underlying the development of pragmatic markers -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Definitions of grammaticalisation, pragmaticalisation, lexicalisation, idiomaticisation -- 2.1. Grammaticalisation -- 2.2. Pragmaticalisation -- 2.3. Lexicalisation -- 2.4. Idiomaticisation -- 3. The pragmatic marker (I) say -- 3.1. (I) say in Modern English -- 3.2. Historical development of (I) say -- 3.3. Accounting for the development of (I) say -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- Electronic and online sources -- References -- From certainty to doubt -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The evolution of confirmative voire 1 in dialogue: From certainty to doubt -- 3. Intra-sentential assertive voire 1 in Old and Middle French -- 4. Voire 2: From Classical to Modern French -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes -- Sources -- References -- Politeness as a distancing device in the passive and in indefinite pronouns -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Politeness -- 2.1. Categorising types of politeness -- 3. Impersonalisation as a distancing device in the passive and in indefinite pronouns -- 3.1. Passive -- 3.2. Indefinite pronouns -- 4. Diachronic changes in the relationship between the passive and indefinite pronouns -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes -- Sources -- References -- V. Language contact and discourse -- Discourse features of code-switching in legal reports in late medieval England -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Year Books -- 3. Mixed-language proficiency as in-group communication -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Focusing strategies in Old French and Old Irish -- 1. Focus and the cleft construction in a pragmatic perspective -- 2. Focus marking and the cleft construction in a typological perspective -- 3. Focus marking and the cleft construction in a historical perspective -- 3.1. Old Irish -- 3.2. Cleft in Gaulish? -- 3.3. Latin -- 3.4. Old French -- 4. Conclusion.
,
Notes.
,
English
Weitere Ausg.:
ISBN 1-58811-626-3
Weitere Ausg.:
ISBN 90-272-5377-3
Sprache:
Englisch
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