In:
European Journal of Nutrition, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 62, No. 5 ( 2023-08), p. 1957-1975
Abstract:
Changes in dietary protein intake metabolically affect kidney functions. However, knowledge on potential adverse consequences of long-term higher protein intake (HPI) for kidney health is lacking. To summarise and evaluate the available evidence for a relation between HPI and kidney diseases, an umbrella review of systematic reviews (SR) was conducted. Methods PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Database of SRs published until 12/2022 were searched for the respective SRs with and without meta-analyses (MA) of randomised controlled trials or cohort studies. For assessments of methodological quality and of outcome-specific certainty of evidence, a modified version of AMSTAR 2 and the NutriGrade scoring tool were used, respectively. The overall certainty of evidence was assessed according to predefined criteria. Results Six SRs with MA and three SRs without MA on various kidney-related outcomes were identified. Outcomes were chronic kidney disease, kidney stones and kidney function-related parameters: albuminuria, glomerular filtration rate, serum urea, urinary pH and urinary calcium excretion. Overall certainty of evidence was graded as ‘possible’ for stone risk not to be associated with HPI and albuminuria not to be elevated through HPI (above recommendations ( 〉 0.8 g/kg body weight/day)) and graded as ‘probable’ or ‘possible’ for most other kidney function-related parameters to be physiologically increased with HPI. Conclusion Changes of the assessed outcomes may have reflected mostly physiological (regulatory), but not pathometabolic responses to higher protein loads. For none of the outcomes, evidence was found that HPI does specifically trigger kidney stones or diseases. However, for potential recommendations long-term data, also over decades, are required.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1436-6207
,
1436-6215
DOI:
10.1007/s00394-023-03143-7
Language:
English
Publisher:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publication Date:
2023
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1463312-7