In:
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 73, No. 11 ( 2021-12-06), p. e4214-e4222
Kurzfassung:
Early combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) limits the total HIV-DNA load in children. However, data on its impact in older children and adolescents remain scarce. This study compares HIV reservoirs in children (5–12 years) and adolescents (13–17 years) who started cART & lt;6 months (early [E-] group) or & gt;2 years (late [L-] group). Methods The ANRS-EP59-CLEAC study prospectively enrolled 76 patients perinatally infected with HIV-1 who reached HIV-RNA & lt;400 copies/mL & lt;24 months after cART initiation, regardless of subsequent viral suppression (E-group: 27 children, 9 adolescents; L-group: 19 children, 21 adolescents). Total and integrated HIV-DNA were quantified in blood and in CD4+ T-cell subsets. A substudy assessed HIV reservoir inducibility after ex vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) stimulation. Results Total HIV-DNA levels were lower in early- versus late-treated patients (children: 2.14 vs 2.87 log copies/million PBMCs; adolescents: 2.25 vs 2.74 log; P & lt; .0001 for both). Low reservoir was independently associated with treatment precocity, protective HLA, and low cumulative viremia since cART initiation. The 60 participants with undetectable integrated HIV-DNA started cART earlier than other patients (4 vs 54 months; P = .03). In those with sustained virological control, transitional and effector memory CD4+ T cells were less infected in the E-group than in the L-group (P = .03 and .02, respectively). Viral inducibility of reservoir cells after normalization to HIV-DNA levels was similar between groups. Conclusions Early cART results in a smaller blood HIV reservoir until adolescence, but all tested participants had an inducible reservoir. This deserves cautious consideration for HIV remission strategies.
Materialart:
Online-Ressource
ISSN:
1058-4838
,
1537-6591
DOI:
10.1093/cid/ciaa1931
Sprache:
Englisch
Verlag:
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Publikationsdatum:
2021
ZDB Id:
2002229-3