In:
Microbiology and Immunology, Wiley, Vol. 58, No. 4 ( 2014-04), p. 227-238
Abstract:
A large acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) outbreak occurred in 2011 in Okinawa Prefecture in Japan. Ten strains of coxsackievirus group A type 24 variant (CA24v) were isolated from patients with AHC and full sequence analysis of the VP3 , VP1 , 3C pro and 3D pol coding regions performed. To assess time‐scale evolution, phylogenetic analysis was performed using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method. In addition, similarity plots were constructed and pairwise distance ( p ‐distance) and positive pressure analyses performed. A phylogenetic tree based on the VP1 coding region showed that the present strains belong to genotype 4 (G4). In addition, the present strains could have divided in about 2010 from the same lineages detected in other countries such as China, India and Australia. The mean rates of molecular evolution of four coding regions were estimated at about 6.15 to 7.86 × 10 −3 substitutions/site/year. Similarity plot analyses suggested that nucleotide similarities between the present strains and a prototype strain (EH24/70 strain) were 0.77–0.94. The p ‐distance of the present strains was relatively short ( 〈 0.01). Only one positive selected site (L25H) was identified in the VP1 protein. These findings suggest that the present CA24v strains causing AHC are genetically related to other AHC strains with rapid evolution and emerged in around 2010.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0385-5600
,
1348-0421
DOI:
10.1111/1348-0421.12141
Language:
English
Publisher:
Wiley
Publication Date:
2014
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2102145-4
SSG:
12